LeetCode Hot 100:贪心算法
121. 买卖股票的最佳时机
            
            
              cpp
              
              
            
          
          class Solution {
public:
    int maxProfit(vector<int>& prices) {
        int minPrice = INT_MAX;
        int maxProfit = 0;
        for (int& price : prices) {
            minPrice = min(minPrice, price);
            maxProfit = max(maxProfit, price - minPrice);
        }
        return maxProfit;
    }
};
        思路 1:动态规划
            
            
              cpp
              
              
            
          
          class Solution {
public:
    bool canJump(vector<int>& nums) {
        int n = nums.size();
        // dp[n] 表示从下标范围 [0,i] 中的任意下标出发可以到达的最大下标
        vector<int> dp(n);
        // 初始化
        dp[0] = nums[0];
        // 状态转移
        for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
            if (dp[i - 1] < i)
                return false;
            dp[i] = max(dp[i - 1], i + nums[i]);
        }
        return dp[n - 1] >= n - 1;
    }
};
        思路 2:贪心
            
            
              cpp
              
              
            
          
          class Solution {
public:
    bool canJump(vector<int>& nums) {
        int n = nums.size();
        int max_far = 0; // 目前能跳到的最远位置
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            if (i <= max_far) {
                max_far = max(max_far, i + nums[i]);
                if (max_far >= n - 1)
                    return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
};
        45. 跳跃游戏 II
思路 1:贪心
            
            
              cpp
              
              
            
          
          class Solution {
public:
    int jump(vector<int>& nums) {
        int n = nums.size();
        int pos = n - 1, step = 0;
        while (pos > 0) {
            for (int i = 0; i < pos; i++)
                if (i + nums[i] >= pos) {
                    pos = i;
                    step++;
                    break;
                }
        }
        
        return step;
    }
};
        思路 2:动态规划
            
            
              cpp
              
              
            
          
          class Solution {
public:
    int jump(vector<int>& nums) {
        int n = nums.size();
        // dp[i] 表示到达 i 的最少跳数
        vector<int> dp(n, INT_MAX);
        // 初始化
        dp[0] = 0;
        // 状态转移
        for (int i = 1, last = 0; i < n; i++) {
            while (last < n && last + nums[last] < i)
                last++;
            dp[i] = min(dp[i], dp[last] + 1);
        }
        return dp[n - 1];
    }
};
        763. 划分字母区间
            
            
              cpp
              
              
            
          
          class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> partitionLabels(string s) {
        int n = s.length();
        vector<int> last(26, 0);
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            last[s[i] - 'a'] = i;
        vector<int> ans;
        int start = 0, end = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            end = max(end, last[s[i] - 'a']);
            if (i == end) {
                ans.push_back(end - start + 1);
                start = end + 1;
            }
        }
        return ans;
    }
};