ansible常用命令的简单练习
用ansible临时命令完成以下操作
1、对node1主机操作,安装httpd服务,网页存放在/www目录中,能够通过curl http://node1访问到网页内容为welcome to luoqi
(1)配置yum仓库并安装httpd服务
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node1 -m yum_repository -a 'file=server name=aa description=aa1 baseurl=http://ansible.example.com/rhel9/BaseOS enabled=yes gpgcheck=no'
node1 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"repo": "aa",
"state": "present"
}
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node1 -m yum_repository -a 'file=server name=bb description=bb1 baseurl=http://ansible.example.com/rhel9/AppStream enabled=yes gpgcheck=no'
node1 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"repo": "bb",
"state": "present"
}
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node1 -m yum -a 'name=httpd state=present'
node1 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"results": [
"Installed: redhat-logos-httpd-90.4-1.el9.noarch",
"Installed: mailcap-2.1.49-5.el9.noarch",
"Installed: httpd-2.4.53-7.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: apr-1.7.0-11.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: mod_http2-1.15.19-2.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: apr-util-1.6.1-20.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-20.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: httpd-core-2.4.53-7.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: httpd-filesystem-2.4.53-7.el9.noarch",
"Installed: httpd-tools-2.4.53-7.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-20.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: mod_lua-2.4.53-7.el9.x86_64"
]
}
(2)创建/www的目录设置其context值为httpd_sys_content_t
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node1 -m file -a 'path=/www state=directory setype=httpd_sys_content_t'
node1 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"mode": "0755",
"owner": "root",
"path": "/www",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0",
"size": 6,
"state": "directory",
"uid": 0
}
(3)在/www下写入一个index.html的文件,其内容为welcome to luoqi,设置其context值为httpd_sys_content_t
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node1 -m copy -a 'content="welcome to luoqi" dest=/www/index.html setype=httpd_sys_content_t'
node1 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"checksum": "2433ad103a9ed17b296822118d46955ba31ad8ef",
"dest": "/www/index.html",
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"md5sum": "fd2ab3cea037b6fdd568d5014b787c14",
"mode": "0644",
"owner": "root",
"secontext": "system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0",
"size": 16,
"src": "/home/student/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1756436213.0637414-868-126882287786795/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 0
}
(4)替换配置文件中的内容(http访问的目录改为/www,有两个地方需要修改)
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node1 -m replace -a 'path=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf regexp="DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"" replace="DocumentRoot "/www""'
node1 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"msg": "1 replacements made",
"rc": 0
}
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node1 -m replace -a 'path=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf regexp="<Directory "/var/www">" replace="<Directory "/www">"'
node1 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"msg": "1 replacements made",
"rc": 0
}
(5)设置防火墙(允许访问http服务)
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node1 -m firewalld -a 'service=http permanent=yes state=enabled immediate=yes'
node1 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"msg": "Permanent and Non-Permanent(immediate) operation, Changed service http to enabled"
}
(6)起服务
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node1 -m service -a 'name=httpd state=restarted enabled=yes'
node1 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
......
[student@master ansible]$ curl http://node1
welcome to luoqi[student@master ansible]$
2、对node2主机操作,创建一个1000MiB的分区,格式化成ext4的文件系统,并挂载到/testdir目录下。
使用ansible node2 -m shell -a 'df -Th'验证
(1)添加一块硬盘(略)
(2)创建分区
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node2 -m parted -a 'device=/dev/vdb number=1 part_type=primary part_start=10MiB part_end=1010MiB state=present'
node2 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"disk": {
"dev": "/dev/vdb",
"logical_block": 512,
"model": "Virtio Block Device",
"physical_block": 512,
"size": 20971520.0,
"table": "msdos",
"unit": "kib"
},
"partitions": [
{
"begin": 10240.0,
"end": 1034240.0,
"flags": [],
"fstype": "",
"name": "",
"num": 1,
"size": 1024000.0,
"unit": "kib"
}
],
"script": "unit KiB mklabel msdos mkpart primary 10MiB 1010MiB"
}
(3)格式化(文件系统),并查看UUID
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node2 -m filesystem -a 'dev=/dev/vdb1 fstype=ext4'
node2 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true
}
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node2 -m shell -a 'blkid /dev/vdb1'
node2 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
/dev/vdb1: UUID="ab990f13-b8d4-4215-aebb-85f5cf2f519a" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="88bd718e-01"
(4)创建挂载目录,并挂载
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node2 -m file -a 'path=/testdir state=directory'
node2 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"mode": "0755",
"owner": "root",
"path": "/testdir",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:default_t:s0",
"size": 6,
"state": "directory",
"uid": 0
}
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node2 -m mount -a 'src=UUID=ab990f13-b8d4-4215-aebb-85f5cf2f519a path=/testdir fstype=ext4 state=mounted'
node2 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"backup_file": "",
"boot": "yes",
"changed": true,
"dump": "0",
"fstab": "/etc/fstab",
"fstype": "ext4",
"name": "/testdir",
"opts": "defaults",
"passno": "0",
"src": "UUID=ab990f13-b8d4-4215-aebb-85f5cf2f519a"
}
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node2 -m shell -a 'df -Th'
node2 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs devtmpfs 4.0M 0 4.0M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 985M 0 985M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 394M 5.6M 389M 2% /run
/dev/vda3 xfs 17G 1.2G 16G 7% /
/dev/vda1 xfs 1014M 182M 833M 18% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 197M 0 197M 0% /run/user/0
tmpfs tmpfs 197M 0 197M 0% /run/user/1000
/dev/vdb1 ext4 966M 24K 900M 1% /testdir
3、对node3主机操作创建卷组datastorage,逻辑卷database,大小为800M,格式化为xfs的文件系统,并挂载到/lv目录下
使用ansible node3 -m shell -a 'df -Th'验证
(1)添加一块硬盘
(2)创建分区
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node3 -m parted -a 'device=/dev/vdb number=1 part_type=primary part_start=10MiB part_end=1010MiB state=present'
node3 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"disk": {
"dev": "/dev/vdb",
"logical_block": 512,
"model": "Virtio Block Device",
"physical_block": 512,
"size": 20971520.0,
"table": "msdos",
"unit": "kib"
},
"partitions": [
{
"begin": 10240.0,
"end": 1034240.0,
"flags": [],
"fstype": "",
"name": "",
"num": 1,
"size": 1024000.0,
"unit": "kib"
}
],
"script": "unit KiB mklabel msdos mkpart primary 10MiB 1010MiB"
}
(3)配置yum仓库并安装lvm2
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node3 -m yum_repository -a 'file=server name=aa description=aa1 baseurl=http://ansible.example.com/rhel9/BaseOS enabled=yes gpgcheck=no'
node3 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"repo": "aa",
"state": "present"
}
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node3 -m yum_repository -a 'file=server name=bb description=bb1 baseurl=http://ansible.example.com/rhel9/AppStream enabled=yes gpgcheck=no'
node3 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"repo": "bb",
"state": "present"
}
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node3 -m yum -a 'name=lvm2 state=present'
node3 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"results": [
"Installed: device-mapper-libs-9:1.02.185-3.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: lvm2-9:2.03.16-3.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: lvm2-libs-9:2.03.16-3.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: device-mapper-persistent-data-0.9.0-13.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: libaio-0.3.111-13.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: device-mapper-9:1.02.185-3.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: device-mapper-event-9:1.02.185-3.el9.x86_64",
"Installed: device-mapper-event-libs-9:1.02.185-3.el9.x86_64",
"Removed: device-mapper-9:1.02.187-7.el9.x86_64",
"Removed: device-mapper-libs-9:1.02.187-7.el9.x86_64"
]
}
(4)创建卷组
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node3 -m lvg -a 'vg=datasorage pvs=/dev/vdb1'
node3 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true
}
(5)创建逻辑卷
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node3 -m lvol -a 'lv=database vg=datasorage size=800M'node3 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"msg": ""
}
(6)格式化(文件系统),并查询UUID
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node3 -m filesystem -a 'dev=/dev/datasorage/database fstype=xfs'
node3 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true
}
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node3 -m shell -a 'blkid /dev/datasorage/database'
node3 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
/dev/datasorage/database: UUID="4af0ca97-a6ec-441c-a36f-9e85352eac4b" TYPE="xfs"
(7)创建挂载目录,并挂载
powershell
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node3 -m file -a 'path=/lv state=directory'
node3 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"changed": true,
"gid": 0,
"group": "root",
"mode": "0755",
"owner": "root",
"path": "/lv",
"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:default_t:s0",
"size": 6,
"state": "directory",
"uid": 0
}
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node3 -m mount -a 'src="UUID=4af0ca97-a6ec-441c-a36f-9e85352eac4b" path=/lv fstype=xfs state=mounted'
node3 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
},
"backup_file": "",
"boot": "yes",
"changed": true,
"dump": "0",
"fstab": "/etc/fstab",
"fstype": "xfs",
"name": "/lv",
"opts": "defaults",
"passno": "0",
"src": "UUID=4af0ca97-a6ec-441c-a36f-9e85352eac4b"
}
[student@master ansible]$ ansible node3 -m shell -a 'df -Th'
node3 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs devtmpfs 4.0M 0 4.0M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 985M 0 985M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 394M 5.6M 389M 2% /run
/dev/vda3 xfs 17G 1.2G 16G 8% /
/dev/vda1 xfs 1014M 182M 833M 18% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 197M 0 197M 0% /run/user/0
tmpfs tmpfs 197M 0 197M 0% /run/user/1000
/dev/mapper/datasorage-database xfs 794M 38M 757M 5% /lv