DeepSeek Java 多线程打印的12种实现方法

稚辉君.MCA_P8_Java2025-12-01 8:57

Java 多线程打印的12种实现方法

下面我将为你详细介绍12种不同的Java多线程打印实现方法：

  1. synchronized + wait/notify 方法
java 复制代码 
public class Method1_Synchronized {
    private static final Object lock = new Object();
    private static int number = 1;
    private static final int MAX = 10;
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (lock) {
                while (number <= MAX) {
                    if (number % 2 == 1) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                        lock.notify();
                    } else {
                        try {
                            lock.wait();
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }
                lock.notify();
            }
        }, "Thread-A").start();
        
        new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (lock) {
                while (number <= MAX) {
                    if (number % 2 == 0) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                        lock.notify();
                    } else {
                        try {
                            lock.wait();
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-B").start();
    }
}
  1. ReentrantLock + Condition 方法
java 复制代码 
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class Method2_ReentrantLock {
    private static final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    private static final Condition condition = lock.newCondition();
    private static int number = 1;
    private static final int MAX = 10;
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(() -> {
            while (number <= MAX) {
                lock.lock();
                try {
                    if (number % 2 == 1) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                        condition.signal();
                    } else {
                        condition.await();
                    }
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    lock.unlock();
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-A").start();
        
        new Thread(() -> {
            while (number <= MAX) {
                lock.lock();
                try {
                    if (number % 2 == 0) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                        condition.signal();
                    } else {
                        condition.await();
                    }
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    lock.unlock();
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-B").start();
    }
}
  1. Semaphore 信号量方法
java 复制代码 
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;

public class Method3_Semaphore {
    private static Semaphore semaphoreA = new Semaphore(1);
    private static Semaphore semaphoreB = new Semaphore(0);
    private static int number = 1;
    private static final int MAX = 10;
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(() -> {
            while (number <= MAX) {
                try {
                    semaphoreA.acquire();
                    if (number <= MAX) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                    }
                    semaphoreB.release();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-A").start();
        
        new Thread(() -> {
            while (number <= MAX) {
                try {
                    semaphoreB.acquire();
                    if (number <= MAX) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                    }
                    semaphoreA.release();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-B").start();
    }
}
  1. LockSupport 方法
java 复制代码 
import java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport;

public class Method4_LockSupport {
    private static int number = 1;
    private static final int MAX = 10;
    private static Thread threadA, threadB;
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        threadA = new Thread(() -> {
            while (number <= MAX) {
                if (number % 2 == 1) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                    LockSupport.unpark(threadB);
                } else {
                    LockSupport.park();
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-A");
        
        threadB = new Thread(() -> {
            while (number <= MAX) {
                if (number % 2 == 0) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                    LockSupport.unpark(threadA);
                } else {
                    LockSupport.park();
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-B");
        
        threadA.start();
        threadB.start();
    }
}
  1. CyclicBarrier 方法
java 复制代码 
import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;

public class Method5_CyclicBarrier {
    private static final int THREAD_COUNT = 2;
    private static CyclicBarrier barrier = new CyclicBarrier(THREAD_COUNT);
    private static int number = 1;
    private static final int MAX = 10;
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(() -> {
            while (number <= MAX) {
                try {
                    if (number % 2 == 1) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                    }
                    barrier.await();
                } catch (InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-A").start();
        
        new Thread(() -> {
            while (number <= MAX) {
                try {
                    if (number % 2 == 0) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                    }
                    barrier.await();
                } catch (InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-B").start();
    }
}
  1. CountDownLatch 方法
java 复制代码 
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

public class Method6_CountDownLatch {
    private static int number = 1;
    private static final int MAX = 10;
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++) {
            CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
            CountDownLatch nextLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
            
            new Thread(() -> {
                try {
                    latch.await();
                    if (number <= MAX) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                    }
                    nextLatch.countDown();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }, "Thread-" + (i + 1)).start();
            
            latch.countDown();
            nextLatch.await();
        }
    }
}
  1. BlockingQueue 方法
java 复制代码 
import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;

public class Method7_BlockingQueue {
    private static BlockingQueue<Integer> queueA = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(1);
    private static BlockingQueue<Integer> queueB = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(1);
    private static int number = 1;
    private static final int MAX = 10;
    
    static {
        try {
            queueA.put(0); // 初始化信号
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(() -> {
            while (number <= MAX) {
                try {
                    queueA.take();
                    if (number <= MAX) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                    }
                    queueB.put(0);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-A").start();
        
        new Thread(() -> {
            while (number <= MAX) {
                try {
                    queueB.take();
                    if (number <= MAX) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                    }
                    queueA.put(0);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-B").start();
    }
}
  1. Phaser 方法
java 复制代码 
import java.util.concurrent.Phaser;

public class Method8_Phaser {
    private static int number = 1;
    private static final int MAX = 10;
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Phaser phaser = new Phaser(2);
        
        new Thread(() -> {
            while (number <= MAX) {
                if (number % 2 == 1) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                }
                phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
            }
        }, "Thread-A").start();
        
        new Thread(() -> {
            while (number <= MAX) {
                if (number % 2 == 0) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                }
                phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
            }
        }, "Thread-B").start();
    }
}
  1. Exchanger 方法
java 复制代码 
import java.util.concurrent.Exchanger;

public class Method9_Exchanger {
    private static int number = 1;
    private static final int MAX = 10;
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Exchanger<Boolean> exchanger = new Exchanger<>();
        
        new Thread(() -> {
            boolean flag = true;
            while (number <= MAX) {
                try {
                    if (number % 2 == 1) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                    }
                    flag = exchanger.exchange(flag);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-A").start();
        
        new Thread(() -> {
            boolean flag = false;
            while (number <= MAX) {
                try {
                    if (number % 2 == 0) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number++);
                    }
                    flag = exchanger.exchange(flag);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-B").start();
    }
}
  1. CompletableFuture 方法
java 复制代码 
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;

public class Method10_CompletableFuture {
    private static int number = 1;
    private static final int MAX = 10;
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CompletableFuture<Void> future = CompletableFuture.completedFuture(null);
        
        for (int i = 1; i <= MAX; i++) {
            final int current = i;
            future = future.thenRunAsync(() -> {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + current);
            });
        }
        
        future.join();
    }
}
  1. 线程池 + Future 方法
java 复制代码 
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

public class Method11_ThreadPool {
    private static final int MAX = 10;
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
        
        Future<?> future1 = executor.submit(() -> {
            for (int i = 1; i <= MAX; i += 2) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + i);
            }
        });
        
        Future<?> future2 = executor.submit(() -> {
            for (int i = 2; i <= MAX; i += 2) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + i);
            }
        });
        
        future1.get();
        future2.get();
        executor.shutdown();
    }
}
  1. AtomicInteger + 自旋锁方法
java 复制代码 
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

public class Method12_AtomicInteger {
    private static AtomicInteger number = new AtomicInteger(1);
    private static final int MAX = 10;
    private static volatile int turn = 1; // 1: Thread-A, 2: Thread-B
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(() -> {
            while (number.get() <= MAX) {
                if (turn == 1 && number.get() <= MAX) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number.getAndIncrement());
                    turn = 2;
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-A").start();
        
        new Thread(() -> {
            while (number.get() <= MAX) {
                if (turn == 2 && number.get() <= MAX) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + number.getAndIncrement());
                    turn = 1;
                }
            }
        }, "Thread-B").start();
    }
}

方法特点对比

方法 优点 缺点 适用场景

synchronized 简单易用，JVM内置 性能相对较低 简单的同步需求

ReentrantLock 功能丰富，性能好 需要手动释放锁 复杂的同步需求

Semaphore 灵活的许可控制 可能产生死锁 资源池、限流

LockSupport 精确控制线程 需要管理park/unpark 需要精细控制线程

CyclicBarrier 可重复使用 需要固定线程数 多阶段任务

CountDownLatch 一次性同步 不可重复使用 主线程等待子线程

BlockingQueue 解耦生产消费 需要管理队列 生产者消费者模式

Phaser 灵活的阶段控制 相对复杂 多阶段复杂任务

Exchanger 线程间数据交换 只能两个线程 配对线程数据交换

CompletableFuture 函数式编程 链式调用复杂 异步编程

线程池 资源管理 需要关闭线程池 任务执行管理

AtomicInteger 无锁操作 自旋消耗CPU 简单的原子操作

这些方法涵盖了Java并发编程的主要工具类，你可以根据具体需求选择合适的方法。

相关推荐
极客先躯11 小时前
高级java每日一道面试题-2025年11月24日-容器与虚拟化题[Dockerj]-runc 的作用是什么？
java·oci 的命令行工具·最小可用·无守护进程·完全标准·创建容器的核心流程·runc 核心职责思维导图
用户606487671889611 小时前
AI 抢不走的技能：用 Claude API 构建自动化工作流实战
java
jinanwuhuaguo11 小时前
（第二十七篇）OpenClaw四月的演化风暴：OpenClaw 2026年4月全版本更新的文明级解读
大数据·人工智能·架构·kotlin·openclaw
James_WangA11 小时前
我给 AOI 设备装了一个 Agent，然后发现工具注册才是最难写的
架构·github
我命由我1234511 小时前
Kotlin 开发 - lateinit 关键字
android·java·开发语言·kotlin·android studio·android-studio·android runtime
峥无11 小时前
Linux系统编程基石：静态库·动态库·ELF文件·进程地址空间全景图
linux·运维·服务器
aXin_ya11 小时前
微服务第八天 Sentinel 四种分布式事务模式
java·数据库·微服务
James_WangA11 小时前
产线上跑 Agent：LLM 挂了不是 500 错误，是停线
架构·github
Halo_tjn11 小时前
Java Set集合相关知识点
java·开发语言·算法
Daybreak11 小时前
Elasticsearch 里的索引和 Mapping，到底是什么关系？
后端
热门推荐
01要裂开了！ChatGPT要手机号验证了？注册Codex要求验证电话号码怎么办？2026年登陆Codex要手机号验证的解决办法02GitHub 镜像站点03Codex 接入 DeepSeek API 完整配置文档04【AI】2026 年具身智能模型和世界模型总结05裂开！ChatGPT 居然开始要手机号验证，附详细解决方法06零基础教你claude code 接入 deepseek V4072026年AI前瞻：量子AI、具身智能与科学发现的新纪元08在Windows 11上安装Docker的踩坑记录09实测可用｜小米 MiMo 百万亿 Token 免费领，开发者速冲10CC-Switch & Claude 基于 Linux 服务器安装使用指南