stm32 硬件i2c + hal库

准备软件：

stm32cubemx

keil

vscode（可选）

一，使用软件配置阶段

1.打开stm32cubuMx 并选择芯片搜索对应自己mcu的芯片

2.配置时钟调试方式

3.配置串口输出 usart1

4.i2c配置

5.创建工程

6.在新建的工程里面添加M24c.c 和.h 分别在src和inc文件夹里面

keil打开后在添加文件

8.引入库文件

修改烧录后自动重启

二，代码编写阶段

使用vscode 打开编写不喜欢的也可以使用keil编写

1.编写usart 重写串口输出

导入stdio.h

写fputc 来输出printf

编写m24c02.c 和.h
m24c02.h

c 复制代码

/*
 * @Author: wushengran
 * @Date: 2024-04-29 14:44:02
 * @Description: 
 * 
 * Copyright (c) 2024 by atguigu, All Rights Reserved. 
 */
#ifndef __M24C02_H
#define __M24C02_H

#include "i2c.h"

//宏定义读写地址
#define W_ADDR 0xA0
#define R_ADDR 0xA1

// 初始化
void M24C02_Init(void);

// 写入一个字节
void M24C02_WriteByte(uint8_t innerAddr, uint8_t byte);

// 读一个字节
uint8_t M24C02_ReadByte(uint8_t innerAddr);

// 连续写入多个字节（页写）
void M24C02_WriteBytes(uint8_t innerAddr, uint8_t * bytes, uint8_t size);

// 连续读取多个字节
void M24C02_ReadBytes(uint8_t innerAddr, uint8_t * bytes, uint8_t size);

#endif

m24c02.c

c 复制代码

#include "m24c02.h"

void M24C02_Init(void)
{
    MX_I2C2_Init();
}

void M24C02_WriteByte(uint8_t innerAddr, uint8_t byte)
{
    HAL_I2C_Mem_Write(&hi2c2, W_ADDR, innerAddr, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, &byte, 1, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
    HAL_Delay(5);
}

uint8_t M24C02_ReadByte(uint8_t innerAddr)
{
    uint8_t data;
    HAL_I2C_Mem_Read(&hi2c2, R_ADDR, innerAddr, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, &data, 1, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
    return data;
}

void M24C02_WriteBytes(uint8_t innerAddr, uint8_t *bytes, uint8_t size)
{
    HAL_I2C_Mem_Write(&hi2c2, W_ADDR, innerAddr, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, bytes, size, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
    HAL_Delay(5);
}

void M24C02_ReadBytes(uint8_t innerAddr, uint8_t *bytes, uint8_t size)
{
    HAL_I2C_Mem_Read(&hi2c2, R_ADDR, innerAddr, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, bytes, size, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
}

代码验证输出

main.c

c 复制代码

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2025 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "i2c.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "m24c02.h"

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */


  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_I2C2_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

  printf("hello world!\n");

  // 2. 从0地址开始，依次写入单个字符
	M24C02_WriteByte(0x00, 'a');
	M24C02_WriteByte(0x01, 'b');
	M24C02_WriteByte(0x02, 'c');

	// 3. 读取EEPROM中的数据
	printf("%c\n", M24C02_ReadByte(0x00));
	printf("%c\n", M24C02_ReadByte(0x01));
	printf("%c\n", M24C02_ReadByte(0x02));

	// 4. 连续写入多个字符（页写）
	M24C02_WriteBytes(0x00, "123456", 6);

	// printf("%c\n", M24C02_ReadByte(0x00));
	// printf("%c\n", M24C02_ReadByte(0x01));
	// printf("%c\n", M24C02_ReadByte(0x02));

	// 5. 连续读取多个字符
	uint8_t buffer[100] = {0};
	M24C02_ReadBytes(0x00, buffer, 7);
	printf("0x00 地址开始的数据为：%s\n", buffer);

	memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));

	M24C02_WriteByte(0x06, 'x');
	M24C02_ReadBytes(0x00, buffer, 7);
	printf("0x00 地址开始的数据为：%s\n", buffer);

	memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));

	// 6. 超出一页范围的连续写入
	M24C02_WriteBytes(0x00, "1234567890abcdefghi", 19);
	M24C02_ReadBytes(0x00, buffer, 19);
	printf("0x00 地址开始的数据为：%s\n", buffer);

	M24C02_WriteBytes(0x10, "1234567890abcdefghi", 19);
	M24C02_ReadBytes(0x00, buffer, 32);
	printf("0x00 地址开始的数据为：%s\n", buffer);

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

验证结果：串口不能正常输出中午需要额外调试串口这里就不做修改串口助手有兴趣小伙伴可以自己调节一下（效果正常）