【Docker】 安装 mysql8.0

目录

• 前言
• 准备
• 拉取镜像
• 创建容器
• • 创建容器方式1：快速创建容器
  • 创建容器方式2：创建容器+配置文件+数据目录
  • my.cnf
• 运行容器
• 命令行登录mysql
• 容器设置
• • [容器随 docker 自动启动](#容器随 docker 自动启动)
  • 容器设置IP
• mysql设置
• • 修改密码
  • 设置mysql数据编码格式为utf8mb4
  • 查看mysql表名不区分大小写
  • [设置 mysql 时区](#设置 mysql 时区)
  • 远程访问授权
• 参考

前言

• CentOS 7.9
• Docker Version: 1.13.1

准备

• docker 已安装。

• 选择合适的mysql镜像(mysql:5.7.31)。

拉取镜像

shell> docker pull mysql:8.0.34
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/mysql ... 
5.7.31: Pulling from docker.io/library/mysql
bb79b6b2107f: Pull complete 
49e22f6fb9f7: Pull complete 
842b1255668c: Pull complete 
9f48d1f43000: Pull complete 
c693f0615bce: Pull complete 
8a621b9dbed2: Pull complete 
0807d32aef13: Pull complete 
6d2fc69dfa35: Pull complete 
56153548dd2c: Pull complete 
3bb6ba940303: Pull complete 
3e1888da91a7: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:b3dc8d10307ab7b9ca1a7981b1601a67e176408be618fc4216d137be37dae10b
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/mysql:5.7.31

查看已拉取的镜像

shell> docker images
REPOSITORY              TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/hello-world   latest              feb5d9fea6a5        6 weeks ago         13.3 kB
docker.io/mysql         5.7.31              42cdba9f1b08        12 months ago       448 MB

创建容器

创建容器方式1：快速创建容器

shell> docker create -p 3306:3306 \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD='my-secret-pw' \
-e LOWER_CASE_TABLE_NAMES=1 \
--name mysql1 mysql:8.0.34 \
--lower-case-table-names=1 \
--character-set-server=utf8mb4 \
--collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci

创建容器方式2：创建容器+配置文件+数据目录

shell> docker create \
-v /data/mysql1/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /data/mysql1/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d  \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD='my-secret-pw' \
-p 3306:3306 \
--name mysql1 mysql:8.0.34

• --restart=always： 自动运行
• -v /data/mysql1/data:/var/lib/mysql： 将宿主机的/data/mysql1/data挂载成容器的/var/lib/mysql
• -v /data/mysql1/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d： 将宿主机的/data/mysql1/conf.d挂载成容器的/etc/mysql/conf.d

my.cnf

使用"创建容器方式2"时，需要在/data/mysql1/conf.d目录下创建my.cnf文件，内容如下：

[mysqld]
# 默认密码插件，兼容旧版本的客户端
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
# authentication_policy=mysql_native_password,caching_sha2_password

# 字符集配置
character-set-client-handshake=FALSE
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'

# 表名不区分大小写 (0:区分, 1:不区分, 2:按文件系统)
lower_case_table_names=1

max_connections=1000
innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M

sql_mode=

[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
# default-auth=mysql_native_password

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

[mysqladmin]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

• lower_case_table_names （表名不区分大小写）设置，在 MySQL 8.0+ 中，必须在初次初始化时设置，如果已经有数据了再修改就会报错。因此，在首次启动容器前，必须准备好my.cnf文件。

运行容器

shell> docker start mysql1

命令行登录mysql

shell> docker exec -it mysql1 bash
root@a6f9e4a700a3:/# mysql -uroot -pmy-secret-pw
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.31 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> exit
Bye

或者：

shell> docker exec -it mysql1 mysql -uroot -pmy-secret-pw
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.31 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> exit
Bye

容器设置

容器随 docker 自动启动

设置容器的重启策略

shell> docker update --restart=always mysql1

• 每次docker启动时，容器也会自动启动

容器设置IP

向网络中添加容器

shell> docker network connect --ip 172.19.0.2  mynetwork mysql1

• docket ip : 172.19.0.2

mysql设置

修改密码

mysql> set password='123456';

设置mysql数据编码格式为utf8mb4

shell> vim /data/mysql1/conf.d/my.cnf
# 打开文件(没有该文件时，创建它)后，添加下面的配置。注意对应节点
[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
init_connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4'

重启mysql并查看设置

shell> docker exec -it mysql1 mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.31 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> SHOW variables WHERE variable_name like 'character\_set\_%' OR variable_name like 'collation%';
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value              |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_database   | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_filesystem | binary             |
| character_set_results    | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_server     | utf8mb4            |
| character_set_system     | utf8               |
| collation_connection     | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_database       | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_server         | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
10 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

查看mysql表名不区分大小写

shell> docker exec -it mysql1 mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.31 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show variables like '%table_names';
+------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name          | Value |
+------------------------+-------+
| lower_case_table_names | 1     |
+------------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

设置 mysql 时区

时区设置成东八区

shell> vim /data/mysql1/conf.d/my.cnf
-----------------------------
# 打开文件后，添加下面的配置。注意对应节点
[mysqld]
default-time_zone = '+8:00'

重启mysql并查看设置

shell> docker exec -it mysql1 mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.31 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show variables like '%time_zone%';
+------------------+--------+
| Variable_name    | Value  |
+------------------+--------+
| system_time_zone | UTC    |
| time_zone        | +08:00 |
+------------------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

远程访问授权

参考这里。

参考

https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql