Java后端必须的Docker 部署 Redis 集群完整指南

用户2190326527352025-12-10 18:24

Docker 部署 Redis 集群完整指南

一、Redis 集群架构设计

1.1 集群架构

scss 复制代码 
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    Redis Cluster (6节点)                             │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                     │
│  Master1(7001) ──── Slave1(7004)   Master2(7002) ──── Slave2(7005)  │
│         │                  │              │                  │      │
│  ───────┴──────────────────┴──────────────┴──────────────────┴──────│
│                                                                     │
│  Master3(7003) ──── Slave3(7006)                                   │
│                                                                     │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

二、Docker Compose 部署方案

2.1 docker-compose.yml

bash 复制代码 
version: '3.8'

services:
  # Redis 节点 1 (主节点)
  redis-node-1:
    image: redis:7.2-alpine
    container_name: redis-cluster-node-1
    command: >
      redis-server
      --bind 0.0.0.0
      --port 6379
      --cluster-enabled yes
      --cluster-config-file nodes.conf
      --cluster-node-timeout 5000
      --appendonly yes
      --appendfsync everysec
      --save 900 1
      --save 300 10
      --save 60 10000
      --requirepass ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
      --masterauth ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
      --maxmemory 2gb
      --maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
      --loglevel notice
      --logfile /data/redis.log
      --protected-mode no
    ports:
      - "7001:6379"
      - "17001:16379"  # 集群总线端口
    volumes:
      - redis-data-1:/data
      - ./redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
      - ./logs/redis-node-1:/var/log/redis
    environment:
      - REDIS_PORT=6379
      - REDIS_PASSWORD=${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
      - REDIS_CLUSTER_REPLICAS=1
    networks:
      redis-cluster-network:
        ipv4_address: 172.20.0.11
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "redis-cli", "-a", "${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}", "ping"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3
      start_period: 40s
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          memory: 2G
        reservations:
          memory: 1G
    restart: unless-stopped

  # Redis 节点 2 (主节点)
  redis-node-2:
    image: redis:7.2-alpine
    container_name: redis-cluster-node-2
    command: >
      redis-server
      --bind 0.0.0.0
      --port 6379
      --cluster-enabled yes
      --cluster-config-file nodes.conf
      --cluster-node-timeout 5000
      --appendonly yes
      --appendfsync everysec
      --save 900 1
      --save 300 10
      --save 60 10000
      --requirepass ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
      --masterauth ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
      --maxmemory 2gb
      --maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
      --loglevel notice
      --logfile /data/redis.log
      --protected-mode no
    ports:
      - "7002:6379"
      - "17002:16379"
    volumes:
      - redis-data-2:/data
      - ./redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
      - ./logs/redis-node-2:/var/log/redis
    environment:
      - REDIS_PORT=6379
      - REDIS_PASSWORD=${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
    networks:
      redis-cluster-network:
        ipv4_address: 172.20.0.12
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "redis-cli", "-a", "${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}", "ping"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3
      start_period: 40s
    restart: unless-stopped

  # Redis 节点 3 (主节点)
  redis-node-3:
    image: redis:7.2-alpine
    container_name: redis-cluster-node-3
    command: >
      redis-server
      --bind 0.0.0.0
      --port 6379
      --cluster-enabled yes
      --cluster-config-file nodes.conf
      --cluster-node-timeout 5000
      --appendonly yes
      --appendfsync everysec
      --save 900 1
      --save 300 10
      --save 60 10000
      --requirepass ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
      --masterauth ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
      --maxmemory 2gb
      --maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
      --loglevel notice
      --logfile /data/redis.log
      --protected-mode no
    ports:
      - "7003:6379"
      - "17003:16379"
    volumes:
      - redis-data-3:/data
      - ./redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
      - ./logs/redis-node-3:/var/log/redis
    environment:
      - REDIS_PORT=6379
      - REDIS_PASSWORD=${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
    networks:
      redis-cluster-network:
        ipv4_address: 172.20.0.13
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "redis-cli", "-a", "${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}", "ping"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3
      start_period: 40s
    restart: unless-stopped

  # Redis 节点 4 (从节点)
  redis-node-4:
    image: redis:7.2-alpine
    container_name: redis-cluster-node-4
    command: >
      redis-server
      --bind 0.0.0.0
      --port 6379
      --cluster-enabled yes
      --cluster-config-file nodes.conf
      --cluster-node-timeout 5000
      --appendonly yes
      --appendfsync everysec
      --save 900 1
      --save 300 10
      --save 60 10000
      --requirepass ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
      --masterauth ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
      --maxmemory 2gb
      --maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
      --loglevel notice
      --logfile /data/redis.log
      --protected-mode no
    ports:
      - "7004:6379"
      - "17004:16379"
    volumes:
      - redis-data-4:/data
      - ./redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
      - ./logs/redis-node-4:/var/log/redis
    environment:
      - REDIS_PORT=6379
      - REDIS_PASSWORD=${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
    networks:
      redis-cluster-network:
        ipv4_address: 172.20.0.14
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "redis-cli", "-a", "${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}", "ping"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3
      start_period: 40s
    restart: unless-stopped

  # Redis 节点 5 (从节点)
  redis-node-5:
    image: redis:7.2-alpine
    container_name: redis-cluster-node-5
    command: >
      redis-server
      --bind 0.0.0.0
      --port 6379
      --cluster-enabled yes
      --cluster-config-file nodes.conf
      --cluster-node-timeout 5000
      --appendonly yes
      --appendfsync everysec
      --save 900 1
      --save 300 10
      --save 60 10000
      --requirepass ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
      --masterauth ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
      --maxmemory 2gb
      --maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
      --loglevel notice
      --logfile /data/redis.log
      --protected-mode no
    ports:
      - "7005:6379"
      - "17005:16379"
    volumes:
      - redis-data-5:/data
      - ./redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
      - ./logs/redis-node-5:/var/log/redis
    environment:
      - REDIS_PORT=6379
      - REDIS_PASSWORD=${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
    networks:
      redis-cluster-network:
        ipv4_address: 172.20.0.15
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "redis-cli", "-a", "${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}", "ping"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3
      start_period: 40s
    restart: unless-stopped

  # Redis 节点 6 (从节点)
  redis-node-6:
    image: redis:7.2-alpine
    container_name: redis-cluster-node-6
    command: >
      redis-server
      --bind 0.0.0.0
      --port 6379
      --cluster-enabled yes
      --cluster-config-file nodes.conf
      --cluster-node-timeout 5000
      --appendonly yes
      --appendfsync everysec
      --save 900 1
      --save 300 10
      --save 60 10000
      --requirepass ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
      --masterauth ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
      --maxmemory 2gb
      --maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
      --loglevel notice
      --logfile /data/redis.log
      --protected-mode no
    ports:
      - "7006:6379"
      - "17006:16379"
    volumes:
      - redis-data-6:/data
      - ./redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
      - ./logs/redis-node-6:/var/log/redis
    environment:
      - REDIS_PORT=6379
      - REDIS_PASSWORD=${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
    networks:
      redis-cluster-network:
        ipv4_address: 172.20.0.16
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "redis-cli", "-a", "${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}", "ping"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3
      start_period: 40s
    restart: unless-stopped

  # Redis Cluster 初始化服务
  redis-cluster-init:
    image: redis:7.2-alpine
    container_name: redis-cluster-init
    depends_on:
      - redis-node-1
      - redis-node-2
      - redis-node-3
      - redis-node-4
      - redis-node-5
      - redis-node-6
    networks:
      - redis-cluster-network
    command: >
      sh -c "
      echo '等待Redis节点启动...';
      sleep 30;
      
      echo '检查节点健康状态...';
      for i in $$(seq 1 6); do
        redis-cli -h 172.20.0.1$$i -p 6379 -a ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456} ping 2>/dev/null || echo '节点 $$i 未就绪';
      done;
      
      echo '创建Redis集群...';
      echo 'yes' | redis-cli --cluster create 
        172.20.0.11:6379 
        172.20.0.12:6379 
        172.20.0.13:6379 
        172.20.0.14:6379 
        172.20.0.15:6379 
        172.20.0.16:6379 
        --cluster-replicas 1 
        -a ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456};
      
      echo '验证集群状态...';
      redis-cli --cluster check 172.20.0.11:6379 -a ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456};
      
      echo '集群信息:';
      redis-cli -h 172.20.0.11 -p 6379 -a ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456} cluster info;
      
      echo '节点信息:';
      redis-cli -h 172.20.0.11 -p 6379 -a ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456} cluster nodes;
      
      echo 'Redis集群初始化完成！';
      "
    restart: on-failure

  # Redis 集群管理工具
  redis-commander:
    image: rediscommander/redis-commander:latest
    container_name: redis-cluster-web
    ports:
      - "8081:8081"
    environment:
      - REDIS_HOSTS=local:redis-node-1:6379:0:Redis123456,local:redis-node-2:6379:0:Redis123456,local:redis-node-3:6379:0:Redis123456
      - HTTP_USER=admin
      - HTTP_PASSWORD=${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
      - REDIS_PORT=6379
      - REDIS_PASSWORD=${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
    depends_on:
      - redis-cluster-init
    networks:
      - redis-cluster-network
    restart: unless-stopped

  # Redis 监控工具
  redis-exporter:
    image: oliver006/redis_exporter:latest
    container_name: redis-cluster-exporter
    ports:
      - "9121:9121"
    command:
      - '--redis.addr=redis://redis-node-1:6379'
      - '--redis.addr=redis://redis-node-2:6379'
      - '--redis.addr=redis://redis-node-3:6379'
      - '--redis.password=${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}'
      - '--log-format=json'
      - '--namespace=redis_cluster'
    environment:
      - REDIS_PASSWORD=${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
    depends_on:
      - redis-cluster-init
    networks:
      - redis-cluster-network
    restart: unless-stopped

networks:
  redis-cluster-network:
    driver: bridge
    ipam:
      config:
        - subnet: 172.20.0.0/16
          gateway: 172.20.0.1

volumes:
  redis-data-1:
    driver: local
  redis-data-2:
    driver: local
  redis-data-3:
    driver: local
  redis-data-4:
    driver: local
  redis-data-5:
    driver: local
  redis-data-6:
    driver: local

2.2 环境变量配置 (.env)

ini 复制代码 
# Redis 集群环境变量配置
REDIS_PASSWORD=Redis123456@Cluster
REDIS_CLUSTER_NAME=production-cluster
REDIS_MAXMEMORY=2gb
REDIS_TIMEOUT=5000
REDIS_APPENDONLY=yes
REDIS_APPENDFSYNC=everysec

# 网络配置
REDIS_CLUSTER_SUBNET=172.20.0.0/16
REDIS_CLUSTER_GATEWAY=172.20.0.1

# 监控配置
PROMETHEUS_ENABLED=true
GRAFANA_ENABLED=true

# 端口映射
REDIS_PORT_START=7001
REDIS_CLUSTER_BUS_PORT_START=17001
REDIS_COMMANDER_PORT=8081
REDIS_EXPORTER_PORT=9121

三、自定义 Redis 配置文件

3.1 redis.conf

bash 复制代码 
# Redis 集群配置文件
# 基于 Redis 7.2 版本

# 网络配置
bind 0.0.0.0
protected-mode no
port 6379
tcp-backlog 511
timeout 0
tcp-keepalive 300

# 常规配置
daemonize no
pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid
loglevel notice
logfile /data/redis.log
databases 16
always-show-logo yes
set-proc-title yes
proc-title-template "{title} {listen-addr} {server-mode}"

# 快照配置
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
rdbcompression yes
rdbchecksum yes
dbfilename dump.rdb
rdb-del-sync-files no
dir /data

# 主从复制配置
replica-serve-stale-data yes
replica-read-only yes
repl-diskless-sync no
repl-diskless-sync-delay 5
repl-diskless-load disabled
repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no
replica-priority 100
acllog-max-len 128

# 安全配置
requirepass ${REDIS_PASSWORD}
masterauth ${REDIS_PASSWORD}

# 客户端配置
maxclients 10000
maxmemory 2gb
maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
maxmemory-samples 5
lazyfree-lazy-eviction no
lazyfree-lazy-expire no
lazyfree-lazy-server-del no
replica-lazy-flush no
lazyfree-lazy-user-del no
oom-score-adj no
oom-score-adj-values 0 200 800

# 持久化配置
appendonly yes
appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
appendfsync everysec
no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
aof-load-truncated yes
aof-use-rdb-preamble yes

# Lua 脚本配置
lua-time-limit 5000

# 慢查询日志
slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
slowlog-max-len 128
latency-monitor-threshold 0

# 事件通知
notify-keyspace-events ""

# 高级配置
hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
hash-max-ziplist-value 64
list-max-ziplist-size -2
list-compress-depth 0
set-max-intset-entries 512
zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
zset-max-ziplist-value 64
hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000
stream-node-max-bytes 4096
stream-node-max-entries 100
activerehashing yes
client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
client-output-buffer-limit replica 256mb 64mb 60
client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60
hz 10
dynamic-hz yes
aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes
rdb-save-incremental-fsync yes
jemalloc-bg-thread yes

# 集群配置
cluster-enabled yes
cluster-config-file /data/nodes.conf
cluster-node-timeout 5000
cluster-replica-validity-factor 10
cluster-migration-barrier 1
cluster-require-full-coverage yes
cluster-replica-no-failover no
cluster-allow-reads-when-down no
cluster-allow-pubsubshard-when-down no
cluster-link-sendbuf-limit 0
cluster-announce-ip ${HOST_IP}
cluster-announce-port 6379
cluster-announce-bus-port 16379

# 模块配置
loadmodule /usr/lib/redis/modules/redisearch.so
loadmodule /usr/lib/redis/modules/rejson.so
loadmodule /usr/lib/redis/modules/redisgraph.so
loadmodule /usr/lib/redis/modules/redistimeseries.so
loadmodule /usr/lib/redis/modules/redisbloom.so

# TLS/SSL 配置
# tls-port 0
# tls-cert-file /etc/redis/certs/redis.crt
# tls-key-file /etc/redis/certs/redis.key
# tls-ca-cert-file /etc/redis/certs/ca.crt
# tls-auth-clients no
# tls-auth-clients optional
# tls-protocols "TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3"
# tls-ciphers DEFAULT:!MEDIUM
# tls-ciphersuites TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256
# tls-prefer-server-ciphers yes
# tls-session-caching no
# tls-session-cache-size 20480
# tls-session-cache-timeout 300

四、启动和部署脚本

4.1 启动脚本 (start-cluster.sh)

bash 复制代码 
#!/bin/bash

# Redis Cluster 启动脚本
# 支持 Docker 和 Docker Compose 部署

set -e

# 颜色定义
RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
BLUE='\033[0;34m'
NC='\033[0m' # No Color

# 日志函数
log_info() {
    echo -e "${BLUE}[INFO]${NC} $1"
}

log_success() {
    echo -e "${GREEN}[SUCCESS]${NC} $1"
}

log_warn() {
    echo -e "${YELLOW}[WARN]${NC} $1"
}

log_error() {
    echo -e "${RED}[ERROR]${NC} $1"
}

# 检查依赖
check_dependencies() {
    log_info "检查系统依赖..."
    
    # 检查 Docker
    if ! command -v docker &> /dev/null; then
        log_error "Docker 未安装"
        exit 1
    fi
    
    # 检查 Docker Compose
    if ! command -v docker-compose &> /dev/null; then
        log_error "Docker Compose 未安装"
        exit 1
    fi
    
    log_success "依赖检查通过"
}

# 创建目录结构
create_directories() {
    log_info "创建目录结构..."
    
    mkdir -p ./data/{node1,node2,node3,node4,node5,node6}
    mkdir -p ./logs/{node1,node2,node3,node4,node5,node6}
    mkdir -p ./config
    mkdir -p ./ssl
    
    log_success "目录创建完成"
}

# 生成配置文件
generate_configs() {
    log_info "生成 Redis 配置文件..."
    
    # 生成主配置文件
    cat > ./config/redis.conf << 'EOF'
# Redis 集群配置文件
bind 0.0.0.0
port 6379
cluster-enabled yes
cluster-config-file nodes.conf
cluster-node-timeout 5000
appendonly yes
requirepass ${REDIS_PASSWORD}
masterauth ${REDIS_PASSWORD}
EOF
    
    # 生成节点配置文件
    for i in {1..6}; do
        cat > ./config/redis-node-$i.conf << EOF
# Redis 节点 $i 配置
bind 0.0.0.0
port 6379
cluster-enabled yes
cluster-config-file /data/nodes.conf
cluster-node-timeout 5000
appendonly yes
appendfilename &#34;appendonly-node-$i.aof&#34;
dbfilename &#34;dump-node-$i.rdb&#34;
dir /data
requirepass ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
masterauth ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
maxmemory 2gb
maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
loglevel notice
logfile /var/log/redis/redis.log
protected-mode no
EOF
    done
    
    log_success &#34;配置文件生成完成&#34;
}

# 启动 Redis 集群
start_cluster() {
    log_info &#34;启动 Redis 集群...&#34;
    
    # 加载环境变量
    if [ -f .env ]; then
        log_info &#34;加载环境变量...&#34;
        export $(grep -v '^#' .env | xargs)
    fi
    
    # 启动集群
    docker-compose up -d
    
    # 等待集群启动
    log_info &#34;等待集群启动...&#34;
    sleep 10
    
    # 检查集群状态
    check_cluster_health
    
    log_success &#34;Redis 集群启动完成&#34;
}

# 检查集群健康状态
check_cluster_health() {
    log_info &#34;检查集群健康状态...&#34;
    
    local retries=10
    local wait_time=5
    
    for ((i=1; i<=retries; i++)); do
        log_info &#34;尝试 $i/$retries 检查集群状态...&#34;
        
        # 检查节点是否可访问
        if docker exec redis-cluster-node-1 redis-cli -a &#34;${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}&#34; ping 2>/dev/null | grep -q &#34;PONG&#34;; then
            # 获取集群信息
            local cluster_info=$(docker exec redis-cluster-node-1 redis-cli -a &#34;${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}&#34; cluster info 2>/dev/null)
            
            if echo &#34;$cluster_info&#34; | grep -q &#34;cluster_state:ok&#34;; then
                log_success &#34;集群状态正常&#34;
                
                # 显示集群信息
                echo &#34;========================================&#34;
                echo &#34;Redis 集群信息:&#34;
                echo &#34;========================================&#34;
                docker exec redis-cluster-node-1 redis-cli -a &#34;${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}&#34; cluster info
                echo &#34;========================================&#34;
                echo &#34;集群节点:&#34;
                docker exec redis-cluster-node-1 redis-cli -a &#34;${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}&#34; cluster nodes
                echo &#34;========================================&#34;
                
                return 0
            fi
        fi
        
        if [ $i -lt $retries ]; then
            log_info &#34;等待 ${wait_time} 秒后重试...&#34;
            sleep $wait_time
        fi
    done
    
    log_error &#34;集群健康检查失败&#34;
    return 1
}

# 停止集群
stop_cluster() {
    log_info &#34;停止 Redis 集群...&#34;
    docker-compose down
    log_success &#34;Redis 集群已停止&#34;
}

# 重启集群
restart_cluster() {
    log_info &#34;重启 Redis 集群...&#34;
    stop_cluster
    sleep 5
    start_cluster
}

# 清理集群
clean_cluster() {
    log_warn &#34;清理 Redis 集群数据...&#34;
    read -p &#34;确认要删除所有数据吗？(y/n): &#34; -n 1 -r
    echo
    if [[ $REPLY =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
        docker-compose down -v
        rm -rf ./data/* ./logs/*
        log_success &#34;集群数据已清理&#34;
    else
        log_info &#34;取消清理操作&#34;
    fi
}

# 集群扩容
scale_cluster() {
    log_info &#34;集群扩容...&#34;
    
    echo &#34;选择扩容方式:&#34;
    echo &#34;1) 增加主节点&#34;
    echo &#34;2) 增加从节点&#34;
    echo &#34;3) 退出&#34;
    
    read -p &#34;请选择 (1-3): &#34; choice
    
    case $choice in
        1)
            add_master_node
            ;;
        2)
            add_slave_node
            ;;
        3)
            log_info &#34;退出扩容&#34;
            ;;
        *)
            log_error &#34;无效选择&#34;
            ;;
    esac
}

# 添加主节点
add_master_node() {
    log_info &#34;添加主节点...&#34;
    
    # 获取下一个节点编号
    local next_node=$(($(ls -d ./data/node* 2>/dev/null | wc -l) + 1))
    
    # 创建数据目录
    mkdir -p ./data/node$next_node
    mkdir -p ./logs/node$next_node
    
    # 生成节点配置
    cat > ./config/redis-node-$next_node.conf << EOF
bind 0.0.0.0
port 6379
cluster-enabled yes
cluster-config-file /data/nodes.conf
cluster-node-timeout 5000
appendonly yes
dir /data
requirepass ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
masterauth ${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
EOF
    
    # 更新 docker-compose.yml
    # 这里需要手动更新 docker-compose.yml 文件
    
    log_warn &#34;请手动更新 docker-compose.yml 文件添加新节点&#34;
    log_info &#34;然后运行: docker-compose up -d redis-node-$next_node&#34;
    log_info &#34;最后将新节点加入集群: docker exec redis-cluster-node-1 redis-cli --cluster add-node new_host:new_port existing_host:existing_port&#34;
}

# 备份集群
backup_cluster() {
    log_info &#34;备份集群数据...&#34;
    
    local backup_dir=&#34;./backups/$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)&#34;
    mkdir -p &#34;$backup_dir&#34;
    
    # 备份数据
    for i in {1..6}; do
        if docker ps | grep -q &#34;redis-cluster-node-$i&#34;; then
            log_info &#34;备份节点 $i 数据...&#34;
            docker exec redis-cluster-node-$i redis-cli -a &#34;${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}&#34; save
            cp -r ./data/node$i &#34;$backup_dir/&#34;
        fi
    done
    
    # 备份配置
    cp -r ./config &#34;$backup_dir/&#34;
    cp docker-compose.yml &#34;$backup_dir/&#34;
    cp .env &#34;$backup_dir/&#34; 2>/dev/null || true
    
    # 创建备份元数据
    cat > &#34;$backup_dir/backup.info&#34; << EOF
备份时间: $(date)
集群节点: 6
Redis 版本: 7.2
备份目录: $backup_dir
EOF
    
    # 压缩备份
    tar -czf &#34;$backup_dir.tar.gz&#34; -C ./backups &#34;$(basename $backup_dir)&#34;
    
    log_success &#34;集群备份完成: $backup_dir.tar.gz&#34;
}

# 监控集群
monitor_cluster() {
    log_info &#34;启动集群监控...&#34;
    
    echo &#34;选择监控方式:&#34;
    echo &#34;1) 实时监控&#34;
    echo &#34;2) 查看节点信息&#34;
    echo &#34;3) 查看内存使用&#34;
    echo &#34;4) 查看慢查询&#34;
    echo &#34;5) 返回&#34;
    
    read -p &#34;请选择 (1-5): &#34; choice
    
    case $choice in
        1)
            docker exec -it redis-cluster-node-1 redis-cli -a &#34;${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}&#34; --stat
            ;;
        2)
            docker exec redis-cluster-node-1 redis-cli -a &#34;${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}&#34; cluster nodes
            ;;
        3)
            docker exec redis-cluster-node-1 redis-cli -a &#34;${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}&#34; info memory
            ;;
        4)
            docker exec redis-cluster-node-1 redis-cli -a &#34;${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}&#34; slowlog get 10
            ;;
        5)
            return
            ;;
        *)
            log_error &#34;无效选择&#34;
            ;;
    esac
}

# 主菜单
show_menu() {
    clear
    echo &#34;========================================&#34;
    echo &#34;    Redis Cluster 管理工具&#34;
    echo &#34;========================================&#34;
    echo &#34;1) 启动集群&#34;
    echo &#34;2) 停止集群&#34;
    echo &#34;3) 重启集群&#34;
    echo &#34;4) 检查状态&#34;
    echo &#34;5) 集群扩容&#34;
    echo &#34;6) 备份集群&#34;
    echo &#34;7) 监控集群&#34;
    echo &#34;8) 清理集群&#34;
    echo &#34;9) 退出&#34;
    echo &#34;========================================&#34;
}

# 主函数
main() {
    # 检查依赖
    check_dependencies
    
    # 创建目录
    create_directories
    
    # 生成配置
    generate_configs
    
    while true; do
        show_menu
        read -p &#34;请选择操作 (1-9): &#34; choice
        
        case $choice in
            1)
                start_cluster
                ;;
            2)
                stop_cluster
                ;;
            3)
                restart_cluster
                ;;
            4)
                check_cluster_health
                ;;
            5)
                scale_cluster
                ;;
            6)
                backup_cluster
                ;;
            7)
                monitor_cluster
                ;;
            8)
                clean_cluster
                ;;
            9)
                log_info &#34;退出管理工具&#34;
                exit 0
                ;;
            *)
                log_error &#34;无效选择，请重新输入&#34;
                ;;
        esac
        
        read -p &#34;按 Enter 键继续...&#34;
    done
}

# 执行主函数
main &#34;$@&#34;

4.2 集群测试脚本 (test-cluster.sh)

bash 复制代码 
#!/bin/bash

# Redis Cluster 测试脚本

set -e

# 颜色定义
RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
BLUE='\033[0;34m'
NC='\033[0m' # No Color

# 日志函数
log_info() { echo -e &#34;${BLUE}[INFO]${NC} $1&#34;; }
log_success() { echo -e &#34;${GREEN}[SUCCESS]${NC} $1&#34;; }
log_warn() { echo -e &#34;${YELLOW}[WARN]${NC} $1&#34;; }
log_error() { echo -e &#34;${RED}[ERROR]${NC} $1&#34;; }

# 加载环境变量
if [ -f .env ]; then
    export $(grep -v '^#' .env | xargs)
fi

REDIS_PASSWORD=${REDIS_PASSWORD:-Redis123456}
REDIS_HOST=${REDIS_HOST:-localhost}
PORTS=(7001 7002 7003 7004 7005 7006)

# 测试连接
test_connection() {
    log_info &#34;测试 Redis 集群连接...&#34;
    
    for port in &#34;${PORTS[@]}&#34;; do
        if redis-cli -h $REDIS_HOST -p $port -a &#34;$REDIS_PASSWORD&#34; ping 2>/dev/null | grep -q &#34;PONG&#34;; then
            log_success &#34;节点 $REDIS_HOST:$port 连接成功&#34;
        else
            log_error &#34;节点 $REDIS_HOST:$port 连接失败&#34;
            return 1
        fi
    done
    
    return 0
}

# 测试集群状态
test_cluster_status() {
    log_info &#34;测试集群状态...&#34;
    
    local cluster_info=$(redis-cli -h $REDIS_HOST -p 7001 -a &#34;$REDIS_PASSWORD&#34; cluster info 2>/dev/null)
    
    if echo &#34;$cluster_info&#34; | grep -q &#34;cluster_state:ok&#34;; then
        log_success &#34;集群状态正常&#34;
        echo &#34;$cluster_info&#34;
        return 0
    else
        log_error &#34;集群状态异常&#34;
        echo &#34;$cluster_info&#34;
        return 1
    fi
}

# 测试数据读写
test_data_operations() {
    log_info &#34;测试数据读写操作...&#34;
    
    local test_key=&#34;test:cluster:$(date +%s)&#34;
    local test_value=&#34;test_value_$(date +%s)&#34;
    
    # 写入数据
    if redis-cli -h $REDIS_HOST -p 7001 -a &#34;$REDIS_PASSWORD&#34; set &#34;$test_key&#34; &#34;$test_value&#34; 2>/dev/null | grep -q &#34;OK&#34;; then
        log_success &#34;数据写入成功: $test_key = $test_value&#34;
    else
        log_error &#34;数据写入失败&#34;
        return 1
    fi
    
    # 读取数据
    local read_value=$(redis-cli -h $REDIS_HOST -p 7001 -a &#34;$REDIS_PASSWORD&#34; get &#34;$test_key&#34; 2>/dev/null)
    
    if [ &#34;$read_value&#34; = &#34;$test_value&#34; ]; then
        log_success &#34;数据读取成功: $test_key = $read_value&#34;
    else
        log_error &#34;数据读取失败&#34;
        return 1
    fi
    
    # 删除数据
    if redis-cli -h $REDIS_HOST -p 7001 -a &#34;$REDIS_PASSWORD&#34; del &#34;$test_key&#34; 2>/dev/null | grep -q &#34;^1$&#34;; then
        log_success &#34;数据删除成功&#34;
    else
        log_error &#34;数据删除失败&#34;
        return 1
    fi
    
    return 0
}

# 测试集群重定向
test_cluster_redirect() {
    log_info &#34;测试集群重定向...&#34;
    
    # 创建多个键，确保它们分布在不同节点
    local keys=()
    for i in {1..100}; do
        keys+=(&#34;cluster:key:$i&#34;)
    done
    
    local success_count=0
    local fail_count=0
    
    for key in &#34;${keys[@]}&#34;; do
        # 尝试在随机节点上设置值
        local random_port=${PORTS[$RANDOM % ${#PORTS[@]}]}
        local result=$(redis-cli -h $REDIS_HOST -p $random_port -a &#34;$REDIS_PASSWORD&#34; set &#34;$key&#34; &#34;value_$key&#34; 2>&1)
        
        if echo &#34;$result&#34; | grep -q &#34;MOVED\|OK&#34;; then
            ((success_count++))
        else
            ((fail_count++))
            log_warn &#34;键 $key 在端口 $random_port 设置失败: $result&#34;
        fi
    done
    
    log_info &#34;重定向测试结果: 成功 $success_count, 失败 $fail_count&#34;
    
    if [ $fail_count -eq 0 ]; then
        log_success &#34;集群重定向测试通过&#34;
        return 0
    else
        log_error &#34;集群重定向测试失败&#34;
        return 1
    fi
}

# 测试故障转移
test_failover() {
    log_info &#34;测试故障转移（模拟主节点故障）...&#34;
    
    # 获取当前主节点
    local master_nodes=$(redis-cli -h $REDIS_HOST -p 7001 -a &#34;$REDIS_PASSWORD&#34; cluster nodes 2>/dev/null | grep &#34;master&#34; | head -3)
    local first_master=$(echo &#34;$master_nodes&#34; | head -1 | awk '{print $2}')
    
    if [ -z &#34;$first_master&#34; ]; then
        log_error &#34;无法获取主节点信息&#34;
        return 1
    fi
    
    local master_host=$(echo &#34;$first_master&#34; | cut -d: -f1)
    local master_port=$(echo &#34;$first_master&#34; | cut -d: -f2)
    
    log_info &#34;模拟主节点 $master_host:$master_port 故障...&#34;
    
    # 停止主节点容器
    local container_name=$(docker ps --format &#34;{{.Names}}&#34; | grep &#34;$master_port&#34; | head -1)
    
    if [ -n &#34;$container_name&#34; ]; then
        log_info &#34;停止容器: $container_name&#34;
        docker stop &#34;$container_name&#34;
        
        # 等待故障转移
        log_info &#34;等待故障转移 (30秒)...&#34;
        sleep 30
        
        # 检查新的主节点
        local new_master=$(redis-cli -h $REDIS_HOST -p 7002 -a &#34;$REDIS_PASSWORD&#34; cluster nodes 2>/dev/null | grep &#34;$master_host:$master_port&#34; | grep &#34;slave&#34;)
        
        if [ -n &#34;$new_master&#34; ]; then
            log_success &#34;故障转移成功: 原主节点 $master_host:$master_port 变为从节点&#34;
        else
            log_error &#34;故障转移失败&#34;
        fi
        
        # 恢复节点
        log_info &#34;恢复节点...&#34;
        docker start &#34;$container_name&#34;
        sleep 10
    else
        log_error &#34;未找到对应的容器&#34;
        return 1
    fi
    
    return 0
}

# 性能测试
test_performance() {
    log_info &#34;运行性能测试...&#34;
    
    # 使用 redis-benchmark 测试
    log_info &#34;1. 测试 SET 操作...&#34;
    redis-benchmark -h $REDIS_HOST -p 7001 -a &#34;$REDIS_PASSWORD&#34; -t set -n 10000 -c 50
    
    log_info &#34;2. 测试 GET 操作...&#34;
    redis-benchmark -h $REDIS_HOST -p 7001 -a &#34;$REDIS_PASSWORD&#34; -t get -n 10000 -c 50
    
    log_info &#34;3. 测试流水线操作...&#34;
    redis-benchmark -h $REDIS_HOST -p 7001 -a &#34;$REDIS_PASSWORD&#34; -t ping,set,get -n 10000 -c 50 -P 16
    
    log_success &#34;性能测试完成&#34;
}

# 运行所有测试
run_all_tests() {
    log_info &#34;开始 Redis 集群完整测试...&#34;
    
    local tests_passed=0
    local tests_failed=0
    
    # 测试1: 连接测试
    if test_connection; then
        ((tests_passed++))
    else
        ((tests_failed++))
    fi
    
    # 测试2: 集群状态测试
    if test_cluster_status; then
        ((tests_passed++))
    else
        ((tests_failed++))
    fi
    
    # 测试3: 数据操作测试
    if test_data_operations; then
        ((tests_passed++))
    else
        ((tests_failed++))
    fi
    
    # 测试4: 集群重定向测试
    if test_cluster_redirect; then
        ((tests_passed++))
    else
        ((tests_failed++))
    fi
    
    # 测试5: 性能测试
    test_performance
    
    echo &#34;========================================&#34;
    echo &#34;测试结果汇总:&#34;
    echo &#34;通过: $tests_passed&#34;
    echo &#34;失败: $tests_failed&#34;
    echo &#34;========================================&#34;
    
    if [ $tests_failed -eq 0 ]; then
        log_success &#34;所有测试通过！Redis 集群运行正常。&#34;
        return 0
    else
        log_error &#34;有 $tests_failed 个测试失败&#34;
        return 1
    fi
}

# 主函数
main() {
    echo &#34;========================================&#34;
    echo &#34;    Redis Cluster 测试工具&#34;
    echo &#34;========================================&#34;
    echo &#34;1) 运行完整测试&#34;
    echo &#34;2) 测试连接&#34;
    echo &#34;3) 测试集群状态&#34;
    echo &#34;4) 测试数据操作&#34;
    echo &#34;5) 测试集群重定向&#34;
    echo &#34;6) 测试故障转移&#34;
    echo &#34;7) 性能测试&#34;
    echo &#34;8) 退出&#34;
    echo &#34;========================================&#34;
    
    read -p &#34;请选择测试项目 (1-8): &#34; choice
    
    case $choice in
        1)
            run_all_tests
            ;;
        2)
            test_connection
            ;;
        3)
            test_cluster_status
            ;;
        4)
            test_data_operations
            ;;
        5)
            test_cluster_redirect
            ;;
        6)
            test_failover
            ;;
        7)
            test_performance
            ;;
        8)
            log_info &#34;退出测试工具&#34;
            exit 0
            ;;
        *)
            log_error &#34;无效选择&#34;
            exit 1
            ;;
    esac
}

# 执行主函数
main &#34;$@&#34;

五、Kubernetes 部署方案

5.1 Redis Cluster Kubernetes 部署文件

5.1.1 namespace.yaml
yaml 复制代码 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: redis-cluster
  labels:
    name: redis-cluster
    component: database
    environment: production
5.1.2 configmap.yaml
arduino 复制代码 
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: redis-cluster-config
  namespace: redis-cluster
data:
  redis.conf: |
    # Redis 集群配置
    bind 0.0.0.0
    port 6379
    cluster-enabled yes
    cluster-config-file /data/nodes.conf
    cluster-node-timeout 5000
    cluster-slave-validity-factor 10
    cluster-migration-barrier 1
    cluster-require-full-coverage yes
    appendonly yes
    appendfilename &#34;appendonly.aof&#34;
    appendfsync everysec
    auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
    auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
    dir /data
    save 900 1
    save 300 10
    save 60 10000
    stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
    rdbcompression yes
    rdbchecksum yes
    dbfilename dump.rdb
    maxmemory 2gb
    maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
    maxmemory-samples 5
    lazyfree-lazy-eviction no
    lazyfree-lazy-expire no
    lazyfree-lazy-server-del no
    replica-lazy-flush no
    lua-time-limit 5000
    slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
    slowlog-max-len 128
    latency-monitor-threshold 0
    notify-keyspace-events &#34;&#34;
    hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
    hash-max-ziplist-value 64
    list-max-ziplist-size -2
    list-compress-depth 0
    set-max-intset-entries 512
    zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
    zset-max-ziplist-value 64
    hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000
    stream-node-max-bytes 4096
    stream-node-max-entries 100
    activerehashing yes
    client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
    client-output-buffer-limit replica 256mb 64mb 60
    client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60
    hz 10
    dynamic-hz yes
    aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes
    rdb-save-incremental-fsync yes
5.1.3 secret.yaml
yaml 复制代码 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: redis-cluster-secret
  namespace: redis-cluster
type: Opaque
stringData:
  redis-password: &#34;Redis123456@K8s&#34;
  requirepass: &#34;Redis123456@K8s&#34;
  masterauth: &#34;Redis123456@K8s&#34;
5.1.4 service.yaml
yaml 复制代码 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: redis-cluster
  namespace: redis-cluster
  labels:
    app: redis-cluster
    component: database
spec:
  ports:
  - name: client
    port: 6379
    targetPort: 6379
  - name: cluster
    port: 16379
    targetPort: 16379
  clusterIP: None
  selector:
    app: redis-cluster
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: redis-cluster-headless
  namespace: redis-cluster
  labels:
    app: redis-cluster
    component: database
spec:
  ports:
  - name: client
    port: 6379
    targetPort: 6379
  - name: cluster
    port: 16379
    targetPort: 16379
  clusterIP: None
  selector:
    app: redis-cluster
5.1.5 statefulset.yaml
yaml 复制代码 
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: redis-cluster
  namespace: redis-cluster
  labels:
    app: redis-cluster
    component: database
    environment: production
spec:
  serviceName: redis-cluster-headless
  replicas: 6
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: redis-cluster
  updateStrategy:
    type: RollingUpdate
  podManagementPolicy: OrderedReady
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: redis-cluster
        component: database
        environment: production
      annotations:
        prometheus.io/scrape: &#34;true&#34;
        prometheus.io/port: &#34;9121&#34;
        prometheus.io/path: &#34;/metrics&#34;
    spec:
      affinity:
        podAntiAffinity:
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - weight: 100
            podAffinityTerm:
              labelSelector:
                matchExpressions:
                - key: app
                  operator: In
                  values:
                  - redis-cluster
              topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname
      containers:
      - name: redis
        image: redis:7.2-alpine
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        command:
        - redis-server
        - /etc/redis/redis.conf
        - --requirepass
        - $(REDIS_PASSWORD)
        - --masterauth
        - $(REDIS_PASSWORD)
        ports:
        - name: client
          containerPort: 6379
        - name: cluster
          containerPort: 16379
        env:
        - name: REDIS_PASSWORD
          valueFrom:
            secretKeyRef:
              name: redis-cluster-secret
              key: redis-password
        - name: POD_IP
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: status.podIP
        resources:
          requests:
            memory: &#34;2Gi&#34;
            cpu: &#34;1000m&#34;
          limits:
            memory: &#34;4Gi&#34;
            cpu: &#34;2000m&#34;
        volumeMounts:
        - name: redis-config
          mountPath: /etc/redis
        - name: redis-data
          mountPath: /data
        - name: redis-tmp
          mountPath: /tmp
        livenessProbe:
          exec:
            command:
            - redis-cli
            - -a
            - $(REDIS_PASSWORD)
            - ping
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          periodSeconds: 10
          timeoutSeconds: 5
          failureThreshold: 3
        readinessProbe:
          exec:
            command:
            - redis-cli
            - -a
            - $(REDIS_PASSWORD)
            - ping
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          periodSeconds: 5
          timeoutSeconds: 3
          failureThreshold: 3
        startupProbe:
          exec:
            command:
            - redis-cli
            - -a
            - $(REDIS_PASSWORD)
            - ping
          initialDelaySeconds: 0
          periodSeconds: 5
          timeoutSeconds: 3
          failureThreshold: 30
        securityContext:
          privileged: false
          readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
          allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
          capabilities:
            drop:
            - ALL
      volumes:
      - name: redis-config
        configMap:
          name: redis-cluster-config
      - name: redis-tmp
        emptyDir: {}
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: redis-data
    spec:
      accessModes:
      - ReadWriteOnce
      storageClassName: standard
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 20Gi
5.1.6 job-init.yaml
bash 复制代码 
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: redis-cluster-init
  namespace: redis-cluster
spec:
  template:
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: redis-cluster-init
        image: redis:7.2-alpine
        command:
        - /bin/sh
        - -c
        - |
          echo &#34;等待 Redis 节点启动...&#34;
          sleep 30
          
          echo &#34;获取 Pod IP 地址...&#34;
          POD_IPS=()
          for i in {0..5}; do
            IP=$(getent hosts redis-cluster-$i.redis-cluster-headless.redis-cluster.svc.cluster.local | awk '{ print $1 }')
            if [ -n &#34;$IP&#34; ]; then
              POD_IPS+=(&#34;$IP:6379&#34;)
              echo &#34;节点 $i IP: $IP&#34;
            fi
          done
          
          echo &#34;创建 Redis 集群...&#34;
          echo &#34;yes&#34; | redis-cli --cluster create \
            ${POD_IPS[@]} \
            --cluster-replicas 1 \
            -a $(REDIS_PASSWORD)
          
          echo &#34;验证集群状态...&#34;
          redis-cli --cluster check ${POD_IPS[0]} -a $(REDIS_PASSWORD)
          
          echo &#34;集群信息:&#34;
          redis-cli -h ${POD_IPS[0]%:*} -p 6379 -a $(REDIS_PASSWORD) cluster info
          
          echo &#34;节点信息:&#34;
          redis-cli -h ${POD_IPS[0]%:*} -p 6379 -a $(REDIS_PASSWORD) cluster nodes
          
          echo &#34;Redis 集群初始化完成！&#34;
        env:
        - name: REDIS_PASSWORD
          valueFrom:
            secretKeyRef:
              name: redis-cluster-secret
              key: redis-password
      restartPolicy: OnFailure
  backoffLimit: 3
  activeDeadlineSeconds: 300

六、监控和告警配置

6.1 Prometheus 监控配置

yaml 复制代码 
# prometheus-config.yml
global:
  scrape_interval: 15s
  evaluation_interval: 15s

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'redis-cluster'
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - 'redis-cluster-exporter:9121'
    metrics_path: /metrics
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: instance
        regex: '(.*):.*'
        replacement: '${1}'

  - job_name: 'redis-cluster-nodes'
    kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: pod
        namespaces:
          names:
            - redis-cluster
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_label_app]
        regex: redis-cluster
        action: keep
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_container_port_number]
        regex: 6379
        action: keep
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_ip]
        target_label: instance
        replacement: '${1}:6379'
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
        target_label: pod
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        target_label: namespace

6.2 Grafana 仪表板

xml 复制代码 
{
  &#34;dashboard&#34;: {
    &#34;id&#34;: null,
    &#34;title&#34;: &#34;Redis Cluster Monitoring&#34;,
    &#34;tags&#34;: [&#34;redis&#34;, &#34;cluster&#34;, &#34;database&#34;],
    &#34;timezone&#34;: &#34;browser&#34;,
    &#34;panels&#34;: [
      {
        &#34;id&#34;: 1,
        &#34;title&#34;: &#34;Cluster Health&#34;,
        &#34;type&#34;: &#34;stat&#34;,
        &#34;targets&#34;: [
          {
            &#34;expr&#34;: &#34;redis_up&#34;,
            &#34;legendFormat&#34;: &#34;{{instance}}&#34;
          }
        ],
        &#34;fieldConfig&#34;: {
          &#34;defaults&#34;: {
            &#34;thresholds&#34;: {
              &#34;steps&#34;: [
                {&#34;color&#34;: &#34;red&#34;, &#34;value&#34;: null},
                {&#34;color&#34;: &#34;green&#34;, &#34;value&#34;: 1}
              ]
            }
          }
        }
      },
      {
        &#34;id&#34;: 2,
        &#34;title&#34;: &#34;Memory Usage&#34;,
        &#34;type&#34;: &#34;graph&#34;,
        &#34;targets&#34;: [
          {
            &#34;expr&#34;: &#34;redis_memory_used_bytes / 1024 / 1024&#34;,
            &#34;legendFormat&#34;: &#34;Used Memory (MB) - {{instance}}&#34;
          },
          {
            &#34;expr&#34;: &#34;redis_memory_max_bytes / 1024 / 1024&#34;,
            &#34;legendFormat&#34;: &#34;Max Memory (MB) - {{instance}}&#34;
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        &#34;id&#34;: 3,
        &#34;title&#34;: &#34;Commands per Second&#34;,
        &#34;type&#34;: &#34;graph&#34;,
        &#34;targets&#34;: [
          {
            &#34;expr&#34;: &#34;rate(redis_commands_processed_total[5m])&#34;,
            &#34;legendFormat&#34;: &#34;Commands/s - {{instance}}&#34;
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        &#34;id&#34;: 4,
        &#34;title&#34;: &#34;Connections&#34;,
        &#34;type&#34;: &#34;graph&#34;,
        &#34;targets&#34;: [
          {
            &#34;expr&#34;: &#34;redis_connected_clients&#34;,
            &#34;legendFormat&#34;: &#34;Connected Clients - {{instance}}&#34;
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        &#34;id&#34;: 5,
        &#34;title&#34;: &#34;Keyspace&#34;,
        &#34;type&#34;: &#34;graph&#34;,
        &#34;targets&#34;: [
          {
            &#34;expr&#34;: &#34;redis_db_keys&#34;,
            &#34;legendFormat&#34;: &#34;Keys - db{{db}}&#34;
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        &#34;id&#34;: 6,
        &#34;title&#34;: &#34;CPU Usage&#34;,
        &#34;type&#34;: &#34;graph&#34;,
        &#34;targets&#34;: [
          {
            &#34;expr&#34;: &#34;rate(redis_cpu_sys_seconds_total[5m]) * 100&#34;,
            &#34;legendFormat&#34;: &#34;System CPU % - {{instance}}&#34;
          },
          {
            &#34;expr&#34;: &#34;rate(redis_cpu_user_seconds_total[5m]) * 100&#34;,
            &#34;legendFormat&#34;: &#34;User CPU % - {{instance}}&#34;
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    &#34;time&#34;: {
      &#34;from&#34;: &#34;now-6h&#34;,
      &#34;to&#34;: &#34;now&#34;
    }
  }
}

七、使用说明

7.1 快速开始

bash 复制代码 
# 1. 克隆仓库
git clone https://github.com/your-repo/redis-cluster-docker.git
cd redis-cluster-docker

# 2. 配置环境变量
cp .env.example .env
# 编辑 .env 文件，设置密码和其他配置

# 3. 启动集群
chmod +x start-cluster.sh
./start-cluster.sh

# 4. 测试集群
chmod +x test-cluster.sh
./test-cluster.sh

# 5. 访问管理界面
# Redis Commander: http://localhost:8081
# 用户名: admin
# 密码: 你的REDIS_PASSWORD

7.2 常用命令

bash 复制代码 
# 查看集群状态
docker exec redis-cluster-node-1 redis-cli -a &#34;你的密码&#34; cluster info

# 查看集群节点
docker exec redis-cluster-node-1 redis-cli -a &#34;你的密码&#34; cluster nodes

# 查看集群槽分配
docker exec redis-cluster-node-1 redis-cli -a &#34;你的密码&#34; cluster slots

# 重启集群
docker-compose restart

# 查看日志
docker-compose logs -f redis-node-1

# 进入容器
docker exec -it redis-cluster-node-1 sh

# 备份集群
docker-compose exec redis-cluster-node-1 redis-cli -a &#34;你的密码&#34; save

7.3 故障处理

bash 复制代码 
# 1. 节点故障恢复
# 如果某个节点故障，重启该节点即可
docker-compose restart redis-node-1

# 2. 集群重新初始化
# 如果集群配置损坏，可以重新初始化
docker-compose down -v
./start-cluster.sh

# 3. 数据恢复
# 从备份恢复数据
tar -xzf backups/20240101_120000.tar.gz
cp -r backups/20240101_120000/data/node1/* ./data/node1/
# 重启集群

# 4. 性能调优
# 调整内存限制
# 在 .env 文件中设置 REDIS_MAXMEMORY=4gb
# 重启集群

八、安全和优化建议

8.1 安全配置

yaml 复制代码 
# 安全配置最佳实践
security:
  # 1. 强密码策略
  requirepass: &#34;复杂密码@包含大小写数字特殊字符&#34;
  
  # 2. 禁用危险命令
  rename-command:
    FLUSHDB: &#34;&#34;
    FLUSHALL: &#34;&#34;
    CONFIG: &#34;&#34;
    KEYS: &#34;&#34;
    SHUTDOWN: &#34;&#34;
    
  # 3. 网络限制
  bind: 0.0.0.0  # 生产环境应绑定特定IP
  protected-mode: yes
  
  # 4. SSL/TLS 加密
  tls-port: 6380
  tls-cert-file: /path/to/redis.crt
  tls-key-file: /path/to/redis.key
  tls-ca-cert-file: /path/to/ca.crt
  
  # 5. 客户端限制
  maxclients: 10000
  timeout: 300
  
  # 6. 慢查询日志
  slowlog-log-slower-than: 10000
  slowlog-max-len: 128

8.2 性能优化

yaml 复制代码 
# 性能优化配置
performance:
  # 1. 内存优化
  maxmemory: &#34;4gb&#34;
  maxmemory-policy: &#34;allkeys-lru&#34;
  maxmemory-samples: 5
  
  # 2. 持久化优化
  appendonly: yes
  appendfsync: everysec
  auto-aof-rewrite-percentage: 100
  auto-aof-rewrite-min-size: 64mb
  
  # 3. 网络优化
  tcp-keepalive: 300
  tcp-backlog: 511
  
  # 4. 集群优化
  cluster-node-timeout: 5000
  cluster-replica-validity-factor: 10
  
  # 5. 内核参数优化
  # 在宿主机上设置
  # echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
  # sysctl -w net.core.somaxconn=65535
  # sysctl -w vm.overcommit_memory=1

这个 Redis 集群部署方案提供了完整的生产级解决方案，包含 Docker Compose 部署、Kubernetes 部署、监控告警、备份恢复等功能，可以直接用于生产环境。

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