springboot框架对接物联网，配置TCP协议依赖，与设备通信，让TCP变的如此简单

最近在使用 Spring Boot 对接物联网设备，需要通过 TCP 协议进行通信。调研过程中发现，如果使用 Netty 框架并集成到 Spring Boot 中，配置和维护相对较为复杂。综合考虑后，最终选择了 Spring Integration 提供的 TCP/UDP 模块来实现相关功能，整体集成更加简洁，也更符合 Spring 生态的使用习惯。

第一步：

引入依赖

bash 复制代码

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-integration-ip</artifactId>
</dependency>

第二步：

提供两个tcp服务端类文件，这两个类文件大家按需选择即可。

第一个类文件：

单向接收tcp客户端数据：

bash 复制代码

package com.testweb.testweb.tcp.web;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.integration.annotation.ServiceActivator;
import org.springframework.integration.channel.DirectChannel;
import org.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.TcpReceivingChannelAdapter;
import org.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.connection.AbstractServerConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.connection.TcpNioServerConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.serializer.ByteArrayCrLfSerializer;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
import org.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel;

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class TcpServerConfig {

    @Value("${tcp.server.port:7788}")
    private int port;

    /**
     * 1. TCP 连接工厂（服务端）
     */
    @Bean
    public AbstractServerConnectionFactory serverConnectionFactory() {
        TcpNioServerConnectionFactory factory =
                new TcpNioServerConnectionFactory(port);

        // 关键：拆包 / 粘包解决方案（行结束符）
        // 按换行符 (\r\n 或 \n) 拆包，常用于文本协议
        ByteArrayCrLfSerializer serializer = new ByteArrayCrLfSerializer();

        // 二进制协议示例：长度头 + 消息内容（常用于物联网）
        // ByteArrayLengthHeaderSerializer serializer =
        //         new ByteArrayLengthHeaderSerializer();

        factory.setSerializer(serializer);
        factory.setDeserializer(serializer);
        factory.setUsingDirectBuffers(true);
        return factory;
    }

    /**
     * 2. 接收同步通道
     */
    @Bean
    public MessageChannel tcpReceiveChannel() {
        return new DirectChannel();
    }

    /**
     * 3. TCP 入站适配器（只接收）
     */
    @Bean
    public TcpReceivingChannelAdapter tcpInboundAdapter(
            AbstractServerConnectionFactory factory,
            MessageChannel tcpReceiveChannel) {

        TcpReceivingChannelAdapter adapter =
                new TcpReceivingChannelAdapter();
        adapter.setConnectionFactory(factory);
        adapter.setOutputChannel(tcpReceiveChannel);
        return adapter;
    }

    /**
     * 4. 业务处理器（单向接收，不能给客户端回复）
     */
    @ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "tcpReceiveChannel")
    public void handleMessage(Message<byte[]> message) {
        String data =
                new String(message.getPayload(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        String connectionId =
                (String) message.getHeaders().get("ip_connectionId");

        log.info("收到 TCP 数据: {}", data);
        log.info("来自连接: {}", connectionId);

        // TODO 业务逻辑处理
    }
}

第二个类文件：

双向类文件：接收客户端消息并回复

bash 复制代码

package com.testweb.testweb.tcp.web;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.integration.annotation.ServiceActivator;
import org.springframework.integration.channel.DirectChannel;
import org.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.TcpReceivingChannelAdapter;
import org.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.TcpSendingMessageHandler;
import org.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.connection.AbstractServerConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.connection.TcpNioServerConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.integration.ip.tcp.serializer.ByteArrayCrLfSerializer;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
import org.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel;

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class TcpServerReplyConfig {

    @Value("${tcp.server.reply.port:7799}")
    // 与单向服务端端口区分
    private int port;

    // 回复通道
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("tcpReplySendChannel")
    private MessageChannel tcpReplySendChannel;

    /**
     * 1. TCP 连接工厂（服务端）
     */
    @Bean
    public AbstractServerConnectionFactory replyServerConnectionFactory() {
        TcpNioServerConnectionFactory factory =
                new TcpNioServerConnectionFactory(port);

        // 关键：拆包 / 粘包解决方案
        // 使用换行符拆包（文本协议）或长度头（物联网二进制协议）
        ByteArrayCrLfSerializer serializer = new ByteArrayCrLfSerializer();
        // ByteArrayLengthHeaderSerializer serializer =
        //         new ByteArrayLengthHeaderSerializer();

        factory.setSerializer(serializer);
        factory.setDeserializer(serializer);
        factory.setUsingDirectBuffers(true);
        return factory;
    }

    /**
     * 2. 接收通道
     */
    @Bean
    public MessageChannel tcpReplyReceiveChannel() {
        return new DirectChannel();
    }

    /**
     * 3. TCP 入站适配器（接收客户端消息）
     */
    @Bean
    public TcpReceivingChannelAdapter tcpReplyInboundAdapter(
            AbstractServerConnectionFactory replyServerConnectionFactory,
            MessageChannel tcpReplyReceiveChannel) {

        TcpReceivingChannelAdapter adapter =
                new TcpReceivingChannelAdapter();
        adapter.setConnectionFactory(replyServerConnectionFactory);
        adapter.setOutputChannel(tcpReplyReceiveChannel);
        return adapter;
    }

    /**
     * 4. TCP 出站通道（用于回复客户端）
     */
    @Bean("tcpReplySendChannel")
    public MessageChannel tcpReplySendChannel() {
        return new DirectChannel();
    }

    /**
     * 5. 出站适配器（发送回复）
     */
    @Bean
    @ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "tcpReplySendChannel")
    public TcpSendingMessageHandler tcpReplySender(
            AbstractServerConnectionFactory replyServerConnectionFactory) {

        TcpSendingMessageHandler sender =
                new TcpSendingMessageHandler();
        sender.setConnectionFactory(replyServerConnectionFactory);
        return sender;
    }

    /**
     * 6. 业务处理器：接收客户端消息并回复
     */
    @ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "tcpReplyReceiveChannel")
    public void handleReplyMessage(Message<byte[]> message) {
        String data =
                new String(message.getPayload(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        String connectionId =
                (String) message.getHeaders().get("ip_connectionId");

        log.info("收到客户端消息: {}", data);
        log.info("来自连接: {}", connectionId);

        // 业务逻辑处理完后发送回复
        String reply =
                "服务端已经收到消息，现在给客户端回复: " + data;

        tcpReplySendChannel.send(
                org.springframework.messaging.support.MessageBuilder
                        .withPayload(reply.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8))
                        .setHeader("ip_connectionId", connectionId)
                        .build()
        );
    }
}

这两个配置文件大家可以按需选择。第一个类文件就是服务端只负责接收，不会给客户端反馈

第二个类文件，接收后会反馈，如果在使用中发现有需要完善的地方，也欢迎大家留言~