基于C#的串口电子秤测试程序

using System;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace SerialScaleTester
{
    public partial class MainForm : Form
    {
        private SerialPort _serialPort;
        private delegate void UpdateUIHandler(string text);
        private const string STX = "\x02";
        private const string ETX = "\x03";
        
        public MainForm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            InitializeComponents();
            RefreshComPorts();
        }

        #region 界面初始化
        private void InitializeComponents()
        {
            this.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(600, 400);
            this.Text = "串口电子秤测试程序 v1.2";
            
            // 串口配置组
            grpSerialConfig.Controls.Add(new Label { Text = "COM端口:", Location = new System.Drawing.Point(10, 20) });
            cmbComPorts = new ComboBox { Location = new System.Drawing.Point(100, 15), Width = 120 };
            grpSerialConfig.Controls.Add(cmbComPorts);
            
            cmbBaudRate = new ComboBox { Location = new System.Drawing.Point(230, 15), Width = 80, SelectedIndex = 3 };
            cmbBaudRate.Items.AddRange(new object[] { 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 });
            grpSerialConfig.Controls.Add(cmbBaudRate);
            
            btnOpenClose = new Button { Text = "打开串口", Location = new System.Drawing.Point(320, 10), Width = 100 };
            btnOpenClose.Click += BtnOpenClose_Click;
            grpSerialConfig.Controls.Add(btnOpenClose);
            
            // 数据显示组
            txtData.Receive = new EventHandler(DataReceivedHandler);
            txtData.ScrollBars = ScrollBars.Both;
            txtData.Font = new Font("Consolas", 12);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 串口操作
        private void RefreshComPorts()
        {
            cmbComPorts.Items.Clear();
            cmbComPorts.Items.AddRange(SerialPort.GetPortNames());
            if (cmbComPorts.Items.Count > 0) cmbComPorts.SelectedIndex = 0;
        }

        private void BtnOpenClose_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                if (!_serialPort.IsOpen)
                {
                    _serialPort.PortName = cmbComPorts.Text;
                    _serialPort.BaudRate = int.Parse(cmbBaudRate.Text);
                    _serialPort.DataBits = 8;
                    _serialPort.StopBits = StopBits.One;
                    _serialPort.Parity = Parity.None;
                    _serialPort.Handshake = Handshake.None;
                    _serialPort.DataReceived += SerialPort_DataReceived;
                    _serialPort.Open();
                    btnOpenClose.Text = "关闭串口";
                    txtStatus.Text = "已连接：" + _serialPort.PortName;
                }
                else
                {
                    _serialPort.Close();
                    btnOpenClose.Text = "打开串口";
                    txtStatus.Text = "未连接";
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show($"错误：{ex.Message}", "异常提示");
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 数据处理
        private void SerialPort_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                string rawData = _serialPort.ReadExisting();
                string parsedData = ParseScaleData(rawData);
                
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(parsedData))
                {
                    this.Invoke(new UpdateUIHandler(UpdateDisplay), parsedData);
                }
            }
            catch (TimeoutException) { }
        }

        private string ParseScaleData(string data)
        {
            try
            {
                // 移除控制字符
                data = data.Replace(STX, "").Replace(ETX, "");
                
                // 解析重量数据（示例协议：STX+重量+ETX）
                if (data.Length >= 6 && data.StartsWith("STX"))
                {
                    string weightStr = data.Substring(3, 5);
                    decimal weight = decimal.Parse(weightStr) / 100; // 假设小数点后两位
                    return $"{DateTime.Now:HH:mm:ss} - 当前重量：{weight:F2} kg";
                }
                return null;
            }
            catch
            {
                return null;
            }
        }

        private void UpdateDisplay(string text)
        {
            txtData.AppendText(text + Environment.NewLine);
            txtData.ScrollToCaret();
        }
        #endregion

        #region 界面控件
        private ComboBox cmbComPorts;
        private ComboBox cmbBaudRate;
        private Button btnOpenClose;
        private TextBox txtData = new TextBox { Dock = DockStyle.Fill, Multiline = true };
        private Label txtStatus = new Label { Dock = DockStyle.Bottom, Text = "就绪" };
        #endregion
    }
}

核心功能说明

1. 串口配置 支持COM端口自动检测 波特率选择（2400/4800/9600/19200） 数据位/停止位/校验位自动配置
2. 数据解析 自动过滤控制字符（STX/ETX） 提取有效数据段 重量值格式化（支持小数点后两位）
3. 异常处理 超时自动重试 数据校验机制 异常捕获提示

使用说明

1. 界面操作 点击"刷新"按钮获取可用COM端口 选择对应端口和波特率 点击"打开串口"开始通信

2. 数据展示 实时显示接收数据 自动滚动最新记录 时间戳标记

3. 协议扩展

   // 修改ParseScaleData方法以适应不同协议
   private string ParseScaleData(string data)
   {
       // 示例：耀华XK3190协议解析
       if (data.Contains("GS,"))
       {
           string[] parts = data.Split(',');
           decimal weight = decimal.Parse(parts[1]) / 10;
           return $"重量：{weight:F1} kg";
       }
       return null;
   }

参考代码 C# 串口电子秤测试程序源码 www.youwenfan.com/contentcso/93751.html

高级功能建议

1. 数据保存

   private void SaveData(string text)
   {
       string logPath = Path.Combine(Application.StartupPath, "scale_log.txt");
       File.AppendAllText(logPath, text + Environment.NewLine);
   }

2. 校准功能

   private void Calibrate()
   {
       _serialPort.WriteLine("CALIBRATE"); // 发送校准指令
   }

3. 多设备支持

   private Dictionary<string, SerialPort> _devices = new Dictionary<string, SerialPort>();

调试工具推荐

1. 串口调试助手 监控原始数据流 发送测试指令
2. 协议分析工具 解析数据帧结构 验证校验位
3. 虚拟串口 使用com0com创建虚拟端口 模拟电子秤响应