Python基础学习（七）

文章目录

• 包与模块
• • 包
  • • 什么是Python中的包
    • 包的标志
    • 如何创建一个包
    • [包的导入--- import](#包的导入--- import)
    • [模块的导入 from...import...](#模块的导入 from...import...)
    • 第三方包
    • • [利用pip与easy_install 获取第三方包](#利用pip与easy_install 获取第三方包)
  • python中的时间包
  • • datetime包
    • • 获取当前时间
      • 获取时间间隔
      • 时间对象转字符串
      • 时间字符串转时间对象
    • time包
    • • time模块与其函数
      • localtime对应字段介绍
      • time中的strftime
      • time中的strptime
      • datetime中生成时间戳
      • datetime时间戳转时间对象
  • Python中的os包
  • • os的文件与目录函数介绍
    • os.path模块常用方法
    • • Python中的sys模块

包与模块

包

什么是Python中的包

• 包就是文件夹，包中可以有包，也就是子文件夹
• 一个个python文件就是模块

包的标志

• __ init__.py是每个python包里必须存在的文件

如何创建一个包

• 要有一个主题，明确功能，方便使用
• 层次分明，调用清晰

以下是一个包的层次结构

包的导入--- import

模块的导入 from...import...

from animal.dog import action

print(action.dump()) # dog dump

第三方包

利用pip与easy_install 获取第三方包

• pip install 包名

python中的时间包

datetime包

• 日期与时间的结合体
• 获取当前时间
• 获取时间间隔
• 将时间对象转换为字符串
• 将字符串转换为时间对象

获取当前时间

from datetime import datetime

print(datetime.now()) # 2025-12-23 22:15:09.019195

获取时间间隔

from datetime import datetime
from datetime import timedelta

#获取当前时间
print(datetime.now()) # 2025-12-23 22:15:09.019195

# 获取昨天时间
yesterday = datetime.now() - timedelta(days=1)
print(yesterday)  #  2025-12-22 22:19:29.667596

时间对象转字符串

from datetime import datetime
from datetime import timedelta

#获取当前时间
print(datetime.now()) # 2025-12-23 22:15:09.019195

# 获取昨天时间
yesterday = datetime.now() - timedelta(days=1)
print(yesterday)  #  2025-12-22 22:19:29.667596

# 时间转字符串
now = datetime.now()
print(now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")) # 2025-12-23 22:26:38

时间字符串转时间对象

from datetime import datetime
from datetime import timedelta

now = datetime.now()
date_str = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
datetime_obj = datetime.strptime(date_str, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
print(datetime_obj, type(datetime_obj)) # 2025-12-23 22:29:50 <class 'datetime.datetime'>

time包

time模块与其函数

• 时间处理，转换时间格式
• 生成时间戳time
• 获取本地时间函数 localtime

localtime对应字段介绍

import time

now = time.time()
print(now, type(now)) # 1766646982.746618 <class 'float'>
print(time.localtime()) #time.struct_time(tm_year=2025, tm_mon=12, tm_mday=25, tm_hour=15, tm_min=15, tm_sec=21, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=359, tm_isdst=0)

time中的strftime

time中的strptime

datetime中生成时间戳

import datetime

now = datetime.datetime.now()
now_timestamp = datetime.datetime.timestamp(now)
print(now_timestamp, type(now_timestamp)) # 1766647734.77832 <class 'float'>

datetime时间戳转时间对象

from datetime import datetime

now = datetime.now()
now_timestamp = datetime.timestamp(now)
print(now_timestamp, type(now_timestamp)) # 1766648095.739215 <class 'float'>
now_timestamp_obj = datetime.fromtimestamp(now_timestamp)
print(now_timestamp_obj, type(now_timestamp_obj)) # 2025-12-25 15:34:55.739215 <class 'datetime.datetime'>

Python中的os包

os的文件与目录函数介绍

import os

# coding:utf-8
import os

current_path = os.getcwd()
print(current_path) # D:\gitee\python_protice\python基础\os包

new_path = '%s/test1' % current_path
os.mkdir(new_path)
list_dir = os.listdir(current_path)
print(list_dir) # ['os包.py', 'test1', '__init__.py']

import os
current_path = os.getcwd()
print(current_path) # D:\gitee\python_protice\python基础\os包
new_path = '%s/test1' % current_path
os.rmdir(current_path)
os.rename('ab', 'abc')
os.removedirs(current_path)

os.path模块常用方法

import os

current_path = os.getcwd()
print(current_path) # D:\gitee\python_protice\python基础\os包
path_exists = os.path.exists(current_path)
print(path_exists) # True
path_isdir = os.path.isdir(current_path)
print(path_isdir) # True
path_isabs = os.path.isabs(current_path)
print(path_isabs) # True

import os

current_path = os.getcwd()
print(current_path) # D:\gitee\python_protice\python基础\os包
path_isfile = os.path.isfile(current_path)
print(path_isfile) # False
path_join = os.path.join(current_path, 'test1')
print(path_join) # D:\gitee\python_protice\python基础\os包\test1
path_split = os.path.split(current_path)
print(path_split) # ('D:\\gitee\\python_protice\\python基础', 'os包')

Python中的sys模块

import sys

sys_modules = sys.modules
print(sys_modules) # {'sys': <module 'sys' (built-in)>, 'builtins': <module 'builtins' (built-in)>, '_frozen_importlib': <module 'importlib._bootstrap' (frozen)>, '_imp': <module '_imp' (built-in)>, '_thread': <module '_thread' (built-in)>, '_warnings': <module '_warnings' (built-in)>, '_weakref': <module '_weakref' (built-in)>, '_io': <module 'io' (built-in)>, 'marshal': <module 'marshal' (built-in)>, 'nt': <module 'nt' (built-in)>, 'winreg': <module 'winreg' (built-in)>, '_frozen_importlib_external': <module 'importlib._bootstrap_external' (frozen)>, 'time': <module 'time' (built-in)>, 'zipimport': <module 'zipimport' (frozen)>, '_codecs': <module '_codecs' (built-in)>, 'codecs': <module 'codecs' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\codecs.py'>, 'encodings.aliases': <module 'encodings.aliases' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\encodings\\aliases.py'>, 'encodings': <module 'encodings' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\encodings\\__init__.py'>, 'encodings.utf_8': <module 'encodings.utf_8' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\encodings\\utf_8.py'>, '_signal': <module '_signal' (built-in)>, 'encodings.latin_1': <module 'encodings.latin_1' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\encodings\\latin_1.py'>, '_abc': <module '_abc' (built-in)>, 'abc': <module 'abc' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\abc.py'>, 'io': <module 'io' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\io.py'>, '__main__': <module '__main__' from 'D:\\gitee\\python_protice\\python基础\\sys包.py'>, '_stat': <module '_stat' (built-in)>, 'stat': <module 'stat' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\stat.py'>, '_collections_abc': <module '_collections_abc' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\_collections_abc.py'>, 'genericpath': <module 'genericpath' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\genericpath.py'>, 'ntpath': <module 'ntpath' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\ntpath.py'>, 'os.path': <module 'ntpath' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\ntpath.py'>, 'os': <module 'os' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\os.py'>, '_sitebuiltins': <module '_sitebuiltins' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\_sitebuiltins.py'>, '_locale': <module '_locale' (built-in)>, '_bootlocale': <module '_bootlocale' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\_bootlocale.py'>, '_codecs_cn': <module '_codecs_cn' (built-in)>, '_multibytecodec': <module '_multibytecodec' (built-in)>, 'encodings.gbk': <module 'encodings.gbk' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\encodings\\gbk.py'>, '_distutils_hack': <module '_distutils_hack' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\_distutils_hack\\__init__.py'>, 'types': <module 'types' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\types.py'>, 'enum': <module 'enum' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\enum.py'>, '_sre': <module '_sre' (built-in)>, 'sre_constants': <module 'sre_constants' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\sre_constants.py'>, 'sre_parse': <module 'sre_parse' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\sre_parse.py'>, 'sre_compile': <module 'sre_compile' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\sre_compile.py'>, '_heapq': <module '_heapq' (built-in)>, 'heapq': <module 'heapq' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\heapq.py'>, 'itertools': <module 'itertools' (built-in)>, 'keyword': <module 'keyword' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\keyword.py'>, '_operator': <module '_operator' (built-in)>, 'operator': <module 'operator' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\operator.py'>, 'reprlib': <module 'reprlib' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\reprlib.py'>, '_collections': <module '_collections' (built-in)>, 'collections': <module 'collections' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\collections\\__init__.py'>, '_functools': <module '_functools' (built-in)>, 'functools': <module 'functools' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\functools.py'>, 'copyreg': <module 'copyreg' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\copyreg.py'>, 're': <module 're' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\re.py'>, '_struct': <module '_struct' (built-in)>, 'struct': <module 'struct' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\struct.py'>, 'binascii': <module 'binascii' (built-in)>, 'base64': <module 'base64' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\base64.py'>, 'token': <module 'token' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\token.py'>, 'tokenize': <module 'tokenize' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\tokenize.py'>, 'linecache': <module 'linecache' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\linecache.py'>, 'traceback': <module 'traceback' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\traceback.py'>, 'atexit': <module 'atexit' (built-in)>, 'collections.abc': <module 'collections.abc' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\collections\\abc.py'>, 'contextlib': <module 'contextlib' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\contextlib.py'>, 'importlib._bootstrap': <module 'importlib._bootstrap' (frozen)>, 'importlib._bootstrap_external': <module 'importlib._bootstrap_external' (frozen)>, 'warnings': <module 'warnings' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\warnings.py'>, 'importlib': <module 'importlib' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\importlib\\__init__.py'>, '_ast': <module '_ast' (built-in)>, 'ast': <module 'ast' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\ast.py'>, '_opcode': <module '_opcode' (built-in)>, 'opcode': <module 'opcode' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\opcode.py'>, 'dis': <module 'dis' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\dis.py'>, 'importlib.machinery': <module 'importlib.machinery' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\importlib\\machinery.py'>, 'inspect': <module 'inspect' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\inspect.py'>, 'locale': <module 'locale' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\locale.py'>, '_weakrefset': <module '_weakrefset' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\_weakrefset.py'>, 'weakref': <module 'weakref' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\weakref.py'>, '_string': <module '_string' (built-in)>, 'string': <module 'string' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\string.py'>, 'threading': <module 'threading' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\threading.py'>, 'logging': <module 'logging' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\logging\\__init__.py'>, 'posixpath': <module 'posixpath' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\posixpath.py'>, 'fnmatch': <module 'fnmatch' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\fnmatch.py'>, 'errno': <module 'errno' (built-in)>, 'urllib': <module 'urllib' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\urllib\\__init__.py'>, 'ipaddress': <module 'ipaddress' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\ipaddress.py'>, 'urllib.parse': <module 'urllib.parse' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\urllib\\parse.py'>, 'pathlib': <module 'pathlib' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\pathlib.py'>, 'pprint': <module 'pprint' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\pprint.py'>, 'zlib': <module 'zlib' (built-in)>, '_compression': <module '_compression' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\_compression.py'>, '_bz2': <module '_bz2' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\DLLs\\_bz2.pyd'>, 'bz2': <module 'bz2' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\bz2.py'>, '_lzma': <module '_lzma' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\DLLs\\_lzma.pyd'>, 'lzma': <module 'lzma' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\lzma.py'>, 'shutil': <module 'shutil' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\shutil.py'>, 'signal': <module 'signal' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\signal.py'>, 'msvcrt': <module 'msvcrt' (built-in)>, '_winapi': <module '_winapi' (built-in)>, 'subprocess': <module 'subprocess' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\subprocess.py'>, 'math': <module 'math' (built-in)>, '_bisect': <module '_bisect' (built-in)>, 'bisect': <module 'bisect' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\bisect.py'>, '_random': <module '_random' (built-in)>, '_sha512': <module '_sha512' (built-in)>, 'random': <module 'random' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\random.py'>, 'tempfile': <module 'tempfile' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\tempfile.py'>, 'packaging': <module 'packaging' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\packaging\\__init__.py'>, '__future__': <module '__future__' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\__future__.py'>, 'typing.io': <class 'typing.io'>, 'typing.re': <class 'typing.re'>, 'typing': <module 'typing' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\typing.py'>, 'packaging._structures': <module 'packaging._structures' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\packaging\\_structures.py'>, 'packaging.version': <module 'packaging.version' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\packaging\\version.py'>, 'matplotlib._api.deprecation': <module 'matplotlib._api.deprecation' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\matplotlib\\_api\\deprecation.py'>, 'matplotlib._api': <module 'matplotlib._api' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\matplotlib\\_api\\__init__.py'>, 'matplotlib._version': <module 'matplotlib._version' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\matplotlib\\_version.py'>, 'gzip': <module 'gzip' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\gzip.py'>, 'shlex': <module 'shlex' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\shlex.py'>, 'numpy._utils._convertions': <module 'numpy._utils._convertions' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\_utils\\_convertions.py'>, 'numpy._utils': <module 'numpy._utils' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\_utils\\__init__.py'>, 'numpy._globals': <module 'numpy._globals' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\_globals.py'>, 'numpy._expired_attrs_2_0': <module 'numpy._expired_attrs_2_0' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\_expired_attrs_2_0.py'>, 'numpy.version': <module 'numpy.version' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\version.py'>, '_ctypes': <module '_ctypes' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\DLLs\\_ctypes.pyd'>, 'ctypes._endian': <module 'ctypes._endian' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\ctypes\\_endian.py'>, 'ctypes': <module 'ctypes' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\ctypes\\__init__.py'>, 'mkl._mklinit': <module 'mkl._mklinit' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\mkl\\_mklinit.cp39-win_amd64.pyd'>, 'cython_runtime': <module 'cython_runtime'>, '_cython_3_0_11': <module '_cython_3_0_11'>, 'numbers': <module 'numbers' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\numbers.py'>, 'mkl._py_mkl_service': <module 'mkl._py_mkl_service' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\mkl\\_py_mkl_service.cp39-win_amd64.pyd'>, 'mkl': <module 'mkl' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\mkl\\__init__.py'>, 'numpy._distributor_init': <module 'numpy._distributor_init' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\_distributor_init.py'>, 'numpy._utils._inspect': <module 'numpy._utils._inspect' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\_utils\\_inspect.py'>, '_datetime': <module '_datetime' (built-in)>, 'datetime': <module 'datetime' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\datetime.py'>, 'numpy.exceptions': <module 'numpy.exceptions' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\exceptions.py'>, 'numpy._core._exceptions': <module 'numpy._core._exceptions' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\_core\\_exceptions.py'>, 'numpy.dtypes': <module 'numpy.dtypes' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\dtypes.py'>, 'numpy._core._multiarray_umath': <module 'numpy._core._multiarray_umath' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\_core\\_multiarray_umath.cp39-win_amd64.pyd'>, 'numpy._core.overrides': <module 'numpy._core.overrides' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\_core\\overrides.py'>, 'numpy._core.multiarray': <module 'numpy._core.multiarray' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\_core\\multiarray.py'>, 'numpy._core.umath': <module 'numpy._core.umath' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\_core\\umath.py'>, 'numpy._core._string_helpers': <module 'numpy._core._string_helpers' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\_core\\_string_helpers.py'>, 'numpy._core._type_aliases': <module 'numpy._core._type_aliases' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\_core\\_type_aliases.py'>, 'numpy._core._dtype': <module 'numpy._core._dtype' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\_core\\_dtype.py'>, 'numpy._core.numerictypes': <module 'numpy._core.numerictypes' from 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'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\matplotlib\\colors.py'>, 'pyparsing.util': <module 'pyparsing.util' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\pyparsing\\util.py'>, 'pyparsing.unicode': <module 'pyparsing.unicode' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\pyparsing\\unicode.py'>, 'pyparsing.exceptions': <module 'pyparsing.exceptions' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\pyparsing\\exceptions.py'>, 'pyparsing.actions': <module 'pyparsing.actions' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\pyparsing\\actions.py'>, 'pyparsing.results': <module 'pyparsing.results' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\pyparsing\\results.py'>, 'pyparsing.core': <module 'pyparsing.core' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\pyparsing\\core.py'>, 'html.entities': <module 'html.entities' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\html\\entities.py'>, 'html': <module 'html' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\html\\__init__.py'>, 'pyparsing.helpers': <module 'pyparsing.helpers' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\pyparsing\\helpers.py'>, 'pyparsing.testing': <module 'pyparsing.testing' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\pyparsing\\testing.py'>, 'pyparsing.common': <module 'pyparsing.common' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\pyparsing\\common.py'>, 'pyparsing': <module 'pyparsing' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\pyparsing\\__init__.py'>, 'matplotlib._fontconfig_pattern': <module 'matplotlib._fontconfig_pattern' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\matplotlib\\_fontconfig_pattern.py'>, 'matplotlib._enums': <module 'matplotlib._enums' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\matplotlib\\_enums.py'>, 'cycler': <module 'cycler' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\cycler.py'>, 'matplotlib.rcsetup': <module 'matplotlib.rcsetup' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\matplotlib\\rcsetup.py'>, 'matplotlib.ft2font': <module 'matplotlib.ft2font' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\matplotlib\\ft2font.cp39-win_amd64.pyd'>, 'dateutil._version': <module 'dateutil._version' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\dateutil\\_version.py'>, 'dateutil': <module 'dateutil' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\dateutil\\__init__.py'>, 'kiwisolver._cext': <module 'kiwisolver._cext' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\kiwisolver\\_cext.cp39-win_amd64.pyd'>, 'kiwisolver': <module 'kiwisolver' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\kiwisolver\\__init__.py'>, 'numpy.ma.core': <module 'numpy.ma.core' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\ma\\core.py'>, 'numpy.ma.extras': <module 'numpy.ma.extras' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\ma\\extras.py'>, 'numpy.ma': <module 'numpy.ma' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\ma\\__init__.py'>, 'matplotlib._cm_listed': <module 'matplotlib._cm_listed' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\matplotlib\\_cm_listed.py'>, 'matplotlib.cm': <module 'matplotlib.cm' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\matplotlib\\cm.py'>, 'matplotlib': <module 'matplotlib' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages\\matplotlib\\__init__.py'>, 'importlib.abc': <module 'importlib.abc' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\importlib\\abc.py'>, 'importlib.util': <module 'importlib.util' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\importlib\\util.py'>, 'pkgutil': <module 'pkgutil' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\pkgutil.py'>, 'datalore': <module 'datalore' from 'D:\\software\\PyCharm 2024.3.5\\plugins\\python-ce\\helpers\\pycharm_display\\datalore\\__init__.py'>, '_json': <module '_json' (built-in)>, 'json.scanner': <module 'json.scanner' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\json\\scanner.py'>, 'json.decoder': <module 'json.decoder' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\json\\decoder.py'>, 'json.encoder': <module 'json.encoder' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\json\\encoder.py'>, 'json': <module 'json' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\json\\__init__.py'>, 'datalore.display.supported_data_type': <module 'datalore.display.supported_data_type' from 'D:\\software\\PyCharm 2024.3.5\\plugins\\python-ce\\helpers\\pycharm_display\\datalore\\display\\supported_data_type.py'>, 'datalore.display.display_log': <module 'datalore.display.display_log' from 'D:\\software\\PyCharm 2024.3.5\\plugins\\python-ce\\helpers\\pycharm_display\\datalore\\display\\display_log.py'>, 'email': <module 'email' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\__init__.py'>, '_hashlib': <module '_hashlib' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\DLLs\\_hashlib.pyd'>, '_blake2': <module '_blake2' (built-in)>, 'hashlib': <module 'hashlib' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\hashlib.py'>, 'http': <module 'http' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\http\\__init__.py'>, 'email.errors': <module 'email.errors' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\errors.py'>, 'email.quoprimime': <module 'email.quoprimime' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\quoprimime.py'>, 'email.base64mime': <module 'email.base64mime' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\base64mime.py'>, 'quopri': <module 'quopri' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\quopri.py'>, 'email.encoders': <module 'email.encoders' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\encoders.py'>, 'email.charset': <module 'email.charset' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\charset.py'>, 'email.header': <module 'email.header' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\header.py'>, 'select': <module 'select' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\DLLs\\select.pyd'>, 'selectors': <module 'selectors' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\selectors.py'>, 'socket': <module 'socket' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\socket.py'>, 'calendar': <module 'calendar' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\calendar.py'>, 'email._parseaddr': <module 'email._parseaddr' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\_parseaddr.py'>, 'email.utils': <module 'email.utils' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\utils.py'>, 'email._policybase': <module 'email._policybase' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\_policybase.py'>, 'email.feedparser': <module 'email.feedparser' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\feedparser.py'>, 'email.parser': <module 'email.parser' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\parser.py'>, 'uu': <module 'uu' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\uu.py'>, 'email._encoded_words': <module 'email._encoded_words' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\_encoded_words.py'>, 'email.iterators': <module 'email.iterators' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\iterators.py'>, 'email.message': <module 'email.message' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\email\\message.py'>, '_ssl': <module '_ssl' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\DLLs\\_ssl.pyd'>, 'ssl': <module 'ssl' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\ssl.py'>, 'http.client': <module 'http.client' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\http\\client.py'>, 'urllib.response': <module 'urllib.response' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\urllib\\response.py'>, 'urllib.error': <module 'urllib.error' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\urllib\\error.py'>, 'nturl2path': <module 'nturl2path' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\nturl2path.py'>, 'urllib.request': <module 'urllib.request' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\urllib\\request.py'>, 'datalore.display.display_': <module 'datalore.display.display_' from 'D:\\software\\PyCharm 2024.3.5\\plugins\\python-ce\\helpers\\pycharm_display\\datalore\\display\\display_.py'>, 'datalore.display': <module 'datalore.display' from 'D:\\software\\PyCharm 2024.3.5\\plugins\\python-ce\\helpers\\pycharm_display\\datalore\\display\\__init__.py'>, 'sitecustomize': <module 'sitecustomize' from 'D:\\software\\PyCharm 2024.3.5\\plugins\\python-ce\\helpers\\pycharm_matplotlib_backend\\sitecustomize.py'>, 'site': <module 'site' from 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site.py'>}

sys_path = sys.path
print(sys_path) # ['D:\\gitee\\python_protice\\python基础', 'D:\\gitee\\python_protice', 'D:\\software\\PyCharm 2024.3.5\\plugins\\python-ce\\helpers\\pycharm_display', 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\python39.zip', 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\DLLs', 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib', 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env', 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python39\\site-packages', 'C:\\Users\\zhouqianlong\\.conda\\envs\\my_env\\lib\\site-packages', 'D:\\software\\PyCharm 2024.3.5\\plugins\\python-ce\\helpers\\pycharm_matplotlib_backend', 'D:\\software\\PyCharm 2024.3.5\\plugins\\python-ce\\helpers\\pycharm_plotly_backend']

encoding = sys.getdefaultencoding()
print(encoding) # utf-8
sys.exit(0)

import sys
sys_platform = sys.platform
print(sys_platform) # win32
sys_version = sys.version
print(sys_version) # 3.9.23 (main, Jun  5 2025, 13:25:08) [MSC v.1929 64 bit (AMD64)]
sys_argv = sys.argv
print(sys_argv) # ['D:\\gitee\\python_protice\\python基础\\sys包.py']