TextureCutQuadric 利用3D隐式函数（Quadrics）来生成2D纹理坐标

一：主要的知识点

1、说明

本文只是教程内容的一小段，因博客字数限制，故进行拆分。主教程链接：vtk教程------逐行解析官网所有Python示例-CSDN博客

2、知识点纪要

本段代码主要涉及的有①vtkBooleanTexture通过函数生成纹理图案

二：代码及注释

import vtkmodules.vtkInteractionStyle
import vtkmodules.vtkRenderingOpenGL2
from vtkmodules.vtkCommonColor import vtkNamedColors
from vtkmodules.vtkRenderingCore import vtkRenderer, vtkRenderWindow, vtkRenderWindowInteractor, vtkActor, vtkDataSetMapper,vtkTexture
from vtkmodules.vtkCommonDataModel import vtkQuadric
from vtkmodules.vtkFiltersSources import vtkSphereSource
from vtkmodules.vtkFiltersTexture import vtkImplicitTextureCoords
from vtkmodules.vtkImagingHybrid import vtkBooleanTexture


def MakeBooleanTexture(caseNumber, resolution, thickness):
    """
    vtkBooleanTexture 不依赖图片，而是通过逻辑函数（Boolean）自动生成黑白纹理图案
    继承自 vtkImageAlgorithm，输出的其实是一张 vtkImageData
    解决了想要简单的图案纹理，如网格格子，条纹等，而加载图片太麻烦，就直接用内存生成这些图案
    工作原理：
        这个类使用两个维度 (x, y)（或者 (x, y, z)）来计算布尔函数值，逻辑上，它是基于两个周期性的方波信号（A, B）的布尔组合结果
    方法                    | 说明
    SetXSize(float)    | 控制纹理在 X 方向上的波长（控制条纹宽度）
    SetYSize(float)     | 控制纹理在 Y 方向上的波长
    SetThickness(float) | 控制每条条纹的厚度（方波宽度比例）
    SetOperation(int)   | 设置布尔运算类型（详见下表）
    SetInValue(value)   | 逻辑为真时的颜色值（通常为白）
    SetOutValue(value)  | 逻辑为假时的颜色值（通常为黑）

    vtkBooleanTexture 将3D空间中所有可能的点相对于两个隐式函数F1和F2的关系，划分为9种逻辑区域。
    对于每个隐式函数F例如 F1=quadric1
    空间中的点有三种状态：
    In (Inside): F < 0（点在曲面内）
    Out (Outside): F > 0（点在曲面外）
    On (On the surface): F 约等于 0（点在曲面上或靠近曲面）
    由于有两个隐式函数F1和 F2，总共有 9 种组合，每种组合都可以设置一个颜色（或纹理值）
    """
    solid = [255, 255]
    clear = [255, 0]
    edge = [0, 255]
    booleanTexture = vtkBooleanTexture()
    booleanTexture.SetXSize(resolution)
    booleanTexture.SetYSize(resolution)
    booleanTexture.SetThickness(thickness)
    if caseNumber == 0:
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(solid)  # 当一个点同时处于函数F1和F2的内部，被赋予solid的颜色
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(solid)
    elif caseNumber == 1:  # cut inside 1
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(solid)
    elif caseNumber == 2:  # cut outside 1
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(edge)
    elif caseNumber == 3:  # cut all 1
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(edge)
    elif caseNumber == 4:
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(solid)
    elif caseNumber == 5:
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(solid)
    elif caseNumber == 6:
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(edge)
    elif caseNumber == 7:
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(edge)
    elif caseNumber == 8:
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(edge)
    elif caseNumber == 9:
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(edge)
    elif caseNumber == 10:
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(clear)
    elif caseNumber == 11:
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(clear)
    elif caseNumber == 12:
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(edge)
    elif caseNumber == 13:
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(edge)
    elif caseNumber == 14:
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(solid)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(edge)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(clear)
    else:  # caseNumber ==  15:
        booleanTexture.SetInIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetInOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOnIn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOnOut(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetInOn(clear)
        booleanTexture.SetOutOn(clear)
    return booleanTexture

def main():
    positions = [
        [-4, 4, 0], [-2, 4, 0], [0, 4, 0], [2, 4, 0],
        [-4, 2, 0], [-2, 2, 0], [0, 2, 0], [2, 2, 0],
        [-4, 0, 0], [-2, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [2, 0, 0],
        [-4, -2, 0], [-2, -2, 0], [0, -2, 0], [2, -2, 0]
    ]

    colors = vtkNamedColors()

    renWin = vtkRenderWindow()

    iren = vtkRenderWindowInteractor()
    iren.SetRenderWindow(renWin)
    aren = vtkRenderer()

    quadric1 = vtkQuadric()  # 隐函数，可定义多种二次曲面，球体,椭球体,圆锥体,抛物面,双曲面
    quadric1.SetCoefficients(1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -.07)

    quadric2 = vtkQuadric()
    quadric2.SetCoefficients(2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -.07)

    aSphere = vtkSphereSource()
    aSphere.SetPhiResolution(21)
    aSphere.SetThetaResolution(21)

    """
    vtkImplicitTextureCoords  用一个 隐函数（Implicit Function） 来自动生成纹理坐标
    作用是为输入几何数据（vtkDataSet）生成纹理坐标，而这些坐标是根据一个**隐函数（implicit function）**自动计算出来的
    """
    tcoords = vtkImplicitTextureCoords()
    tcoords.SetInputConnection(aSphere.GetOutputPort())  # 输入几何数据
    tcoords.SetRFunction(quadric1)  # 设置生成纹理坐标的 R 分量函数， 对应传统纹理坐标中的U
    tcoords.SetSFunction(quadric2)  # 设置生成纹理坐标的 S 分量函数, 对应传统纹理坐标中的V

    aMapper = vtkDataSetMapper()
    aMapper.SetInputConnection(tcoords.GetOutputPort())

    for i in range(0, 16):
        aBoolean = MakeBooleanTexture(i, 64, 0)

        aTexture2 = vtkTexture()
        aTexture2.SetInputConnection(aBoolean.GetOutputPort())
        aTexture2.InterpolateOff()
        aTexture2.RepeatOff()

        anActor2 = vtkActor()
        anActor2.SetMapper(aMapper)
        anActor2.SetTexture(aTexture2)
        anActor2.SetPosition(positions[i])
        anActor2.SetScale(2.0, 2.0, 2.0)
        anActor2.GetProperty().SetColor(colors.GetColor3d('MistyRose'))
        aren.AddActor(anActor2)

    aren.SetBackground(colors.GetColor3d('SlateGray'))
    renWin.SetSize(500, 500)
    renWin.AddRenderer(aren)
    renWin.SetWindowName('TextureCutQuadric')

    # Interact with the data.
    renWin.Render()

    iren.Start()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()