python
from fastapi import FastAPI,Query,Path,Body
from pydantic import BaseModel,Field
# 路径参数
@app.get("/get/{id}")
async def get(id: int = Path(..., gt=0,lt=3)):
return {"method": "Hello get "+str(id)}
# url: /get/xx
# 查询参数
@app.get("/get1")
async def get1(id: str = Query(..., gt=0,lt=3)):
return {"method": "Hello get "+str(id)}
# url: /get?id=xxx
# 请求体参数
class Person(BaseModel):
name: str=Field(...,min_length=3,max_length=20)
age: int
@app.post("/post")
async def post(p: Person):
return p







python
# 导入 FastAPI 类
import uvicorn
from fastapi import FastAPI,Query,Path,Body,responses
from pydantic import BaseModel,Field
from starlette.responses import HTMLResponse
# 实例化 FastAPI类
app = FastAPI()
@app.middleware("http")
async def middleware1(request, call_next):
print("中间件1-----开始")
response = await call_next(request)
print("中间件1------结束")
return response
@app.middleware("http")
async def middleware2(request, call_next):
print("中间件2-----开始")
response =await call_next(request)
print('中间件2----end')
return response
@app.get("/")
async def root():
return {"message": "Hello get-root"}
# 启动应用
if __name__ == "__main__":
# reload:自动刷新
uvicorn.run(app, host="127.0.0.1", port=8000)
=======结果(多个中间件 执行顺序 自下而上)=============
中间件2-----开始
中间件1-----开始
中间件1------结束
中间件2----end
INFO: 127.0.0.1:65241 - "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 OK
依赖注入
python
# 导入 FastAPI 类
import datetime
import uvicorn
from fastapi import FastAPI,Query,Depends
# 实例化 FastAPI类
app = FastAPI()
@app.get("/")
async def root():
return {"message": "Hello get-root"}
# 定义依赖项
async def log(date:datetime.datetime = Query(default=datetime.date.today()), State:str=Query(default='ERROR')
):
return {"date":date,"state":State}
# 注入依赖项
@app.get("/info")
async def info(log= Depends(log)):
return {"log":log}
# 启动应用
if __name__ == "__main__":
# reload:自动刷新
uvicorn.run(app, host="127.0.0.1", port=8000)

ORM sqlalchemy
python
# flask 》》 中 ORM sqlalchemy 安装方法
>安装 flask_sqlalchemy (用于ORM)
>pip install flask_ sqlalchemy -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple
>安装 flask_migrate (用于数据迁移 把数据库模型迁移到数据库中)
>pip install flask_ migrate -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple
>安装 pymysql (mysql 驱动)
>pip install pymysql -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple
# fastAPI》》 中 ORM sqlalchemy[asyncio] 安装方法
>pip install sqlalchemy[asyncioio] aiomysql
>pip install aiomysql




异步版本
python
from fastapi import FastAPI
from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import create_async_engine,async_sesstionmaker,AsyncSession
from sqlalchemy import DateTime,func,String,Float
from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase,Mapped,mapped_column
app = FastAPI()
# 异步数据库 URL 数据库要先存在哦
#DATABASE_URL = "postgresql+asyncpg://user:pass@localhost/dbname"
DATABASE_URL = "mysql+asyncmy://账号:密码@IP地址:3306/数据库"
# 创建异步引擎
engine = create_async_engine(
DATABASE_URL,
echo=True, # 可选,打印 SQL 日志语句
pool_size=20, # 设置连接池活跃的连接数
max_overflow=10 # 允许额外的连接数
)
# 定义模型类
# 》》基类,要继承DeclarativeBase ,共有的、通用的属性、字段放在基类
# 》》 模型要继承 基类
class Base(DeclarativeBase):
create_time:Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime,insert_default=func.now().default=datetime.now,comment='创建时间')
update_time:Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime,insert_default=func.now(),onupdate=func.now(),default=datetime.now,comment="修改时间")
#继承 基类,book表对应的模型类
class Book(Base):
__tablename__="book"
id:Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True,comment="书籍的编号")
bookname:Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(200),comment="书名")
author:Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(50),comment="作者")
price:Mapped[float] = mapped_column(Float,comment="售价")
publisher:Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(200),comment="出版社")
# 创建表:定义函数建表-》FastAPI 启动的时候调用建表的函数
async def create_tables():
#获取异步引擎,创建事务,建表
async with async_engine.begin() as conn:
# Base 模型类的元数据创建
await conn.run_sync(Base.metadata.create_all)
@app.on_evnet("startup")
async def start_envent():
await create_tables()
# 创建异步会话工厂
AsyncSessionLocal = async_sessionmaker(
bind = async_engine, # 绑定数据库引擎
class_ = AsyncSession, # 指定会话类
expire_on_commit =False # 会话对象不过期,不重新查询数据库
)
# 依赖项 用于获取数据库会话
async def get_database():
async with AsyncSessionLocal() as session:
try:
yield sesion # 返回数据库会话给路由处理函数
await session.commit() # 无异常,提交事务
except Exception:
await session.rollback() # 有异常则回滚
raise
finally:
await session.close() # 关闭会话
@app.get("/book/books")
async def get_book_list(db:AsyncSession = Depends(get_database)):
#查询所有书籍
#》获取所有数据
result = await db.execute(select(Book)) # Book 模型类 返回ORM对象
book= result.scalars().all()
# 获取单条数据 方法1
result = await db.get(Book,ident:5) # Book 模型类 ident:主键
book= result
# 获取单条数据 方法2
result = await db.execute(select(Book)) # Book 模型类 ident:主键 返回ORM对象
book= result.scalars().first()
return book