docker 配置 MySQL 主从数据库

honortech2026-04-03 9:34

docker compose up -d

docker ps

进入主库

docker exec -it mysql-master mysql --default-character-set=utf8mb4 -uroot -p123456

show variables like 'character_set%';

sql 复制代码

CREATE USER 'repl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'repl123456';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

SHOW MASTER STATUS;

得到：

File：

mysql-bin.000001

Position：

154

把这两个值记下来：

● File

● Position

进入从库：

docker exec -it mysql-slave mysql --default-character-set=utf8mb4 -uroot -p123456

输入密码：

123456

执行：

CHANGE MASTER TO

MASTER_HOST='host.docker.internal',

MASTER_PORT=3307,

MASTER_USER='repl',

MASTER_PASSWORD='repl123456',

MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',

MASTER_LOG_POS=154;

然后启动复制：

START SLAVE;

检查状态：

SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G

重点看这两个字段：

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

配置主从成功

文件夹结构：

docker-compose.yml:

yaml 复制代码

version: '3.8'

services:
  mysql-master:
    image: mysql:5.7.25
    container_name: mysql-master
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "3307:3306"
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123456
    command:
      - --server-id=1
      - --log-bin=mysql-bin
      - --binlog-format=ROW
      - --default-time-zone=+08:00
      - --character-set-server=utf8mb4
      - --collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
      - --skip-name-resolve
    volumes:
      - ./master/data:/var/lib/mysql

  mysql-slave:
    image: mysql:5.7.25
    container_name: mysql-slave
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "3308:3306"
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123456
    command:
      - --server-id=2
      - --log-bin=mysql-bin
      - --relay-log=mysql-relay-bin
      - --read-only=1
      - --binlog-format=ROW
      - --default-time-zone=+08:00
      - --character-set-server=utf8mb4
      - --collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
      - --skip-name-resolve
    volumes:
      - ./slave/data:/var/lib/mysql