Ubuntu22.04 + ROS2 Humble + ORB-SLAM3 下从环境配置到深度相机d435实时SLAM

MIXLLRED2026-04-11 8:40

一、安装部署ORB-SLAM3

1. 准备工作与基础环境

首先，请确保你的Ubuntu 22.04系统已经更新，并安装了build-essential, cmake, git等基础编译工具：

bash 复制代码 
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
sudo apt install -y git cmake gcc g++ build-essential pkg-config wget curl unzip tar

2. 安装关键依赖库

ORB-SLAM3的运行依赖于多个第三方库，需要逐一正确安装。如果之前二进制安装过以下包，需要先把它们都卸载移除。

（1）Eigen3 (版本 3.3.9)

用于高效的线性代数运算，推荐从源码编译安装。

打开终端，依次输入：

bash 复制代码 
cd ~

克隆代码：

bash 复制代码 
git clone -b 3.3.9 https://gitlab.com/libeigen/eigen.git

创建并进入 build 目录：

bash 复制代码 
cd eigen && mkdir build && cd build

编译：

bash 复制代码 
cmake ..

安装：

bash 复制代码 
sudo make install

（2）Pangolin (版本 v0.6)

用于可视化，需先安装其图形依赖。

打开终端，依次输入：

bash 复制代码 
cd ~
bash 复制代码 
sudo apt install -y libgl1-mesa-dev libglew-dev libwayland-dev libxkbcommon-dev wayland-protocols libegl1-mesa-dev libpython3-dev

克隆代码：

bash 复制代码 
git clone -b v0.6 https://github.com/stevenlovegrove/Pangolin.git

创建并进入 build 目录：

bash 复制代码 
cd Pangolin && mkdir build && cd build

编译：

bash 复制代码 
cmake .. -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
bash 复制代码 
make -j$(nproc)

安装：

bash 复制代码 
sudo make install

（3）OpenCV (推荐4.5.4)

Ubuntu 22.04的官方源默认提供，可直接安装：

bash 复制代码 
sudo apt install -y libopencv-dev python3-opencv

3. 编译ORB-SLAM3核心库

独立编译ORB-SLAM3算法库，确保其在不依赖ROS的情况下能正常工作。

（1）克隆源码

在用户主目录下克隆官方仓库：

bash 复制代码 
cd ~
git clone https://github.com/UZ-SLAMLab/ORB_SLAM3.git
bash 复制代码 
cd ORB_SLAM3
注意：

检查CMakeLists.txt文件中OpenCV和Eigen3的查找路径是否正确，或手动指定路径。

bash 复制代码 
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14)
project(ORB_SLAM3)

IF(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
  SET(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Release)
ENDIF()

MESSAGE("Build type: " ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE})

set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS}  -Wall   -O3")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wall   -O3")
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE} -march=native")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE} -march=native")

# Check C++11 or C++0x support
include(CheckCXXCompilerFlag)
CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-std=c++11" COMPILER_SUPPORTS_CXX11)
CHECK_CXX_COMPILER_FLAG("-std=c++0x" COMPILER_SUPPORTS_CXX0X)
if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_CXX11)
   set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11")
   add_definitions(-DCOMPILEDWITHC11)
   message(STATUS "Using flag -std=c++11.")
elseif(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_CXX0X)
   set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++0x")
   add_definitions(-DCOMPILEDWITHC0X)
   message(STATUS "Using flag -std=c++0x.")
else()
   message(FATAL_ERROR "The compiler ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER} has no C++11 support. Please use a different C++ compiler.")
endif()

LIST(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake_modules)

find_package(OpenCV 4.4)
   if(NOT OpenCV_FOUND)
      message(FATAL_ERROR "OpenCV > 4.4 not found.")
   endif()

MESSAGE("OPENCV VERSION:")
MESSAGE(${OpenCV_VERSION})

find_package(Eigen3 3.1.0 REQUIRED)
find_package(Pangolin REQUIRED)
find_package(realsense2)

include_directories(
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/CameraModels
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Thirdparty/Sophus
${EIGEN3_INCLUDE_DIR}
${Pangolin_INCLUDE_DIRS}
)

set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib)

add_library(${PROJECT_NAME} SHARED
src/System.cc
src/Tracking.cc
src/LocalMapping.cc
src/LoopClosing.cc
src/ORBextractor.cc
src/ORBmatcher.cc
src/FrameDrawer.cc
src/Converter.cc
src/MapPoint.cc
src/KeyFrame.cc
src/Atlas.cc
src/Map.cc
src/MapDrawer.cc
src/Optimizer.cc
src/Frame.cc
src/KeyFrameDatabase.cc
src/Sim3Solver.cc
src/Viewer.cc
src/ImuTypes.cc
src/G2oTypes.cc
src/CameraModels/Pinhole.cpp
src/CameraModels/KannalaBrandt8.cpp
src/OptimizableTypes.cpp
src/MLPnPsolver.cpp
src/GeometricTools.cc
src/TwoViewReconstruction.cc
src/Config.cc
src/Settings.cc
include/System.h
include/Tracking.h
include/LocalMapping.h
include/LoopClosing.h
include/ORBextractor.h
include/ORBmatcher.h
include/FrameDrawer.h
include/Converter.h
include/MapPoint.h
include/KeyFrame.h
include/Atlas.h
include/Map.h
include/MapDrawer.h
include/Optimizer.h
include/Frame.h
include/KeyFrameDatabase.h
include/Sim3Solver.h
include/Viewer.h
include/ImuTypes.h
include/G2oTypes.h
include/CameraModels/GeometricCamera.h
include/CameraModels/Pinhole.h
include/CameraModels/KannalaBrandt8.h
include/OptimizableTypes.h
include/MLPnPsolver.h
include/GeometricTools.h
include/TwoViewReconstruction.h
include/SerializationUtils.h
include/Config.h
include/Settings.h)

add_subdirectory(Thirdparty/g2o)

target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME}
${OpenCV_LIBS}
${EIGEN3_LIBS}
${Pangolin_LIBRARIES}
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Thirdparty/DBoW2/lib/libDBoW2.so
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Thirdparty/g2o/lib/libg2o.so
-lboost_serialization
-lcrypto
)

# If RealSense SDK is found the library is added and its examples compiled
if(realsense2_FOUND)
    include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME}
    ${realsense_INCLUDE_DIR}
    )
    target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME}
    ${realsense2_LIBRARY}
    )
endif()


# Build examples

# RGB-D examples
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Examples/RGB-D)

add_executable(rgbd_tum
        Examples/RGB-D/rgbd_tum.cc)
target_link_libraries(rgbd_tum ${PROJECT_NAME})

if(realsense2_FOUND)
    add_executable(rgbd_realsense_D435i
            Examples/RGB-D/rgbd_realsense_D435i.cc)
    target_link_libraries(rgbd_realsense_D435i ${PROJECT_NAME})
endif()


# RGB-D inertial examples
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Examples/RGB-D-Inertial)

if(realsense2_FOUND)
    add_executable(rgbd_inertial_realsense_D435i
            Examples/RGB-D-Inertial/rgbd_inertial_realsense_D435i.cc)
    target_link_libraries(rgbd_inertial_realsense_D435i ${PROJECT_NAME})
endif()

#Stereo examples
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Examples/Stereo)

add_executable(stereo_kitti
        Examples/Stereo/stereo_kitti.cc)
target_link_libraries(stereo_kitti ${PROJECT_NAME})

add_executable(stereo_euroc
        Examples/Stereo/stereo_euroc.cc)
target_link_libraries(stereo_euroc ${PROJECT_NAME})

add_executable(stereo_tum_vi
        Examples/Stereo/stereo_tum_vi.cc)
target_link_libraries(stereo_tum_vi ${PROJECT_NAME})

if(realsense2_FOUND)
    add_executable(stereo_realsense_t265
            Examples/Stereo/stereo_realsense_t265.cc)
    target_link_libraries(stereo_realsense_t265 ${PROJECT_NAME})

    add_executable(stereo_realsense_D435i
            Examples/Stereo/stereo_realsense_D435i.cc)
    target_link_libraries(stereo_realsense_D435i ${PROJECT_NAME})
endif()

#Monocular examples
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Examples/Monocular)

add_executable(mono_tum
        Examples/Monocular/mono_tum.cc)
target_link_libraries(mono_tum ${PROJECT_NAME})

add_executable(mono_kitti
        Examples/Monocular/mono_kitti.cc)
target_link_libraries(mono_kitti ${PROJECT_NAME})

add_executable(mono_euroc
        Examples/Monocular/mono_euroc.cc)
target_link_libraries(mono_euroc ${PROJECT_NAME})

add_executable(mono_tum_vi
        Examples/Monocular/mono_tum_vi.cc)
target_link_libraries(mono_tum_vi ${PROJECT_NAME})

if(realsense2_FOUND)
    add_executable(mono_realsense_t265
            Examples/Monocular/mono_realsense_t265.cc)
    target_link_libraries(mono_realsense_t265 ${PROJECT_NAME})

    add_executable(mono_realsense_D435i
            Examples/Monocular/mono_realsense_D435i.cc)
    target_link_libraries(mono_realsense_D435i ${PROJECT_NAME})
endif()

#Monocular inertial examples
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Examples/Monocular-Inertial)

add_executable(mono_inertial_euroc
        Examples/Monocular-Inertial/mono_inertial_euroc.cc)
target_link_libraries(mono_inertial_euroc ${PROJECT_NAME})

add_executable(mono_inertial_tum_vi
        Examples/Monocular-Inertial/mono_inertial_tum_vi.cc)
target_link_libraries(mono_inertial_tum_vi ${PROJECT_NAME})

if(realsense2_FOUND)
    add_executable(mono_inertial_realsense_t265
            Examples/Monocular-Inertial/mono_inertial_realsense_t265.cc)
    target_link_libraries(mono_inertial_realsense_t265 ${PROJECT_NAME})

    add_executable(mono_inertial_realsense_D435i
            Examples/Monocular-Inertial/mono_inertial_realsense_D435i.cc)
    target_link_libraries(mono_inertial_realsense_D435i ${PROJECT_NAME})
endif()

#Stereo Inertial examples
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Examples/Stereo-Inertial)

add_executable(stereo_inertial_euroc
        Examples/Stereo-Inertial/stereo_inertial_euroc.cc)
target_link_libraries(stereo_inertial_euroc ${PROJECT_NAME})

add_executable(stereo_inertial_tum_vi
        Examples/Stereo-Inertial/stereo_inertial_tum_vi.cc)
target_link_libraries(stereo_inertial_tum_vi ${PROJECT_NAME})

if(realsense2_FOUND)
    add_executable(stereo_inertial_realsense_t265
            Examples/Stereo-Inertial/stereo_inertial_realsense_t265.cc)
    target_link_libraries(stereo_inertial_realsense_t265 ${PROJECT_NAME})

    add_executable(stereo_inertial_realsense_D435i
            Examples/Stereo-Inertial/stereo_inertial_realsense_D435i.cc)
    target_link_libraries(stereo_inertial_realsense_D435i ${PROJECT_NAME})
endif()

set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Examples/Calibration)
if(realsense2_FOUND)
    add_executable(recorder_realsense_D435i
            Examples/Calibration/recorder_realsense_D435i.cc)
    target_link_libraries(recorder_realsense_D435i ${PROJECT_NAME})

    add_executable(recorder_realsense_T265
            Examples/Calibration/recorder_realsense_T265.cc)
    target_link_libraries(recorder_realsense_T265 ${PROJECT_NAME})
endif()

#Old examples

# RGB-D examples
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Examples_old/RGB-D)

add_executable(rgbd_tum_old
        Examples_old/RGB-D/rgbd_tum.cc)
target_link_libraries(rgbd_tum_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

if(realsense2_FOUND)
    add_executable(rgbd_realsense_D435i_old
            Examples_old/RGB-D/rgbd_realsense_D435i.cc)
    target_link_libraries(rgbd_realsense_D435i_old ${PROJECT_NAME})
endif()


# RGB-D inertial examples
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Examples_old/RGB-D-Inertial)

if(realsense2_FOUND)
    add_executable(rgbd_inertial_realsense_D435i_old
            Examples_old/RGB-D-Inertial/rgbd_inertial_realsense_D435i.cc)
    target_link_libraries(rgbd_inertial_realsense_D435i_old ${PROJECT_NAME})
endif()

#Stereo examples
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Examples_old/Stereo)

add_executable(stereo_kitti_old
        Examples_old/Stereo/stereo_kitti.cc)
target_link_libraries(stereo_kitti_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

add_executable(stereo_euroc_old
        Examples_old/Stereo/stereo_euroc.cc)
target_link_libraries(stereo_euroc_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

add_executable(stereo_tum_vi_old
        Examples_old/Stereo/stereo_tum_vi.cc)
target_link_libraries(stereo_tum_vi_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

if(realsense2_FOUND)
    add_executable(stereo_realsense_t265_old
            Examples_old/Stereo/stereo_realsense_t265.cc)
    target_link_libraries(stereo_realsense_t265_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

    add_executable(stereo_realsense_D435i_old
            Examples_old/Stereo/stereo_realsense_D435i.cc)
    target_link_libraries(stereo_realsense_D435i_old ${PROJECT_NAME})
endif()

#Monocular examples
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Examples_old/Monocular)

add_executable(mono_tum_old
        Examples_old/Monocular/mono_tum.cc)
target_link_libraries(mono_tum_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

add_executable(mono_kitti_old
        Examples_old/Monocular/mono_kitti.cc)
target_link_libraries(mono_kitti_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

add_executable(mono_euroc_old
        Examples_old/Monocular/mono_euroc.cc)
target_link_libraries(mono_euroc_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

add_executable(mono_tum_vi_old
        Examples_old/Monocular/mono_tum_vi.cc)
target_link_libraries(mono_tum_vi_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

if(realsense2_FOUND)
    add_executable(mono_realsense_t265_old
            Examples_old/Monocular/mono_realsense_t265.cc)
    target_link_libraries(mono_realsense_t265_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

    add_executable(mono_realsense_D435i_old
            Examples_old/Monocular/mono_realsense_D435i.cc)
    target_link_libraries(mono_realsense_D435i_old ${PROJECT_NAME})
endif()

#Monocular inertial examples
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Examples_old/Monocular-Inertial)

add_executable(mono_inertial_euroc_old
        Examples_old/Monocular-Inertial/mono_inertial_euroc.cc)
target_link_libraries(mono_inertial_euroc_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

add_executable(mono_inertial_tum_vi_old
        Examples_old/Monocular-Inertial/mono_inertial_tum_vi.cc)
target_link_libraries(mono_inertial_tum_vi_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

if(realsense2_FOUND)
    add_executable(mono_inertial_realsense_t265_old
            Examples_old/Monocular-Inertial/mono_inertial_realsense_t265.cc)
    target_link_libraries(mono_inertial_realsense_t265_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

    add_executable(mono_inertial_realsense_D435i_old
            Examples_old/Monocular-Inertial/mono_inertial_realsense_D435i.cc)
    target_link_libraries(mono_inertial_realsense_D435i_old ${PROJECT_NAME})
endif()

#Stereo Inertial examples
set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Examples_old/Stereo-Inertial)

add_executable(stereo_inertial_euroc_old
        Examples_old/Stereo-Inertial/stereo_inertial_euroc.cc)
target_link_libraries(stereo_inertial_euroc_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

add_executable(stereo_inertial_tum_vi_old
        Examples_old/Stereo-Inertial/stereo_inertial_tum_vi.cc)
target_link_libraries(stereo_inertial_tum_vi_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

if(realsense2_FOUND)
    add_executable(stereo_inertial_realsense_t265_old
            Examples_old/Stereo-Inertial/stereo_inertial_realsense_t265.cc)
    target_link_libraries(stereo_inertial_realsense_t265_old ${PROJECT_NAME})

    add_executable(stereo_inertial_realsense_D435i_old
            Examples_old/Stereo-Inertial/stereo_inertial_realsense_D435i.cc)
    target_link_libraries(stereo_inertial_realsense_D435i_old ${PROJECT_NAME})
endif()

（2）执行编译

使用官方提供的build.sh脚本进行编译：

bash 复制代码 
chmod +x build.sh
bash 复制代码 
./build.sh

3. 在ROS2工作空间中集成

将ORB-SLAM3库集成到ROS2 Humble环境中。

（1）创建ROS2工作空间

如果还没有专门的工作空间，请创建一个：

bash 复制代码 
mkdir -p ~/orb_slam3_ws/src
bash 复制代码 
cd ~/orb_slam3_ws/src

（2）克隆ROS2封装代码

在src目录下克隆社区提供的ROS2封装：

bash 复制代码 
git clone https://github.com/benaissa-tayeb37/orb_slam3_ros2.git

（3）配置与编译

返回工作空间根目录，安装ROS2依赖并编译。

bash 复制代码 
cd ~/orb_slam3_ws
colcon build --symlink-install

二、可能遇到的问题

1. std::bad_array_new_length

问题：

bash 复制代码 
robot@ll-Lenovo:~/d7lros2/orb_slam3_ws$ ros2 run orbslam3 mono \
  ~/d7lros2/orb_slam3_ws/src/ORB_SLAM3_ROS2/vocabulary/ORBvoc.txt \
  ~/d7lros2/orb_slam3_ws/src/ORB_SLAM3_ROS2/config/monocular/TUM1.yaml
 
ORB-SLAM3 Copyright (C) 2017-2020 Carlos Campos, Richard Elvira, Juan J. Gómez, José M.M. Montiel and Juan D. Tardós, University of Zaragoza.
ORB-SLAM2 Copyright (C) 2014-2016 Raúl Mur-Artal, José M.M. Montiel and Juan D. Tardós, University of Zaragoza.
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY;
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions. See LICENSE.txt.
 
Input sensor was set to: Monocular
 
Loading ORB Vocabulary. This could take a while...
Vocabulary loaded!
 
Initialization of Atlas from scratch 
Creation of new map with id: 0
Creation of new map with last KF id: 0
Seq. Name: 
 
Camera Parameters: 
- Camera: Pinhole
- Image scale: 1
- fx: 517.306
- fy: 516.469
- cx: 318.643
- cy: 255.314
- k1: 0.262383
- k2: -0.953104
- p1: -0.005358
- p2: 0.002628
- k3: 1.16331
- fps: 30
- color order: RGB (ignored if grayscale)
 
ORB Extractor Parameters: 
- Number of Features: 1000
- Scale Levels: 8
- Scale Factor: 1.2
- Initial Fast Threshold: 20
- Minimum Fast Threshold: 7
There are 1 cameras in the atlas
Camera 0 is pinhole
terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::bad_array_new_length'
  what():  std::bad_array_new_length
[ros2run]: Aborted

解决方法见文章：

解决：terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::bad_array_new_length' what()

2. double free or corruption (out)

问题：

bash 复制代码 
robot@ll-Lenovo:~/d7lros2/orb_slam3_ws$ ros2 run orbslam3 rgbd   ~/d7lros2/orb_slam3_ws/src/ORB_SLAM3_ROS2/vocabulary/ORBvoc.txt   ~/d7lros2/orb_slam3_ws/src/ORB_SLAM3_ROS2/config/rgb-d/RealSense_D435i.yaml
 
ORB-SLAM3 Copyright (C) 2017-2020 Carlos Campos, Richard Elvira, Juan J. Gómez, José M.M. Montiel and Juan D. Tardós, University of Zaragoza.
ORB-SLAM2 Copyright (C) 2014-2016 Raúl Mur-Artal, José M.M. Montiel and Juan D. Tardós, University of Zaragoza.
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY;
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions. See LICENSE.txt.
 
Input sensor was set to: RGB-D
 
Loading ORB Vocabulary. This could take a while...
Vocabulary loaded!
 
Initialization of Atlas from scratch 
Creation of new map with id: 0
Creation of new map with last KF id: 0
Seq. Name: 
 
Camera Parameters: 
- Camera: Pinhole
- Image scale: 0.5
- fx: 308.6
- fy: 308.681
- cx: 162.318
- cy: 121.231
- k1: 0
- k2: 0
- p1: 0
- p2: 0
- fps: 30
- color order: RGB (ignored if grayscale)
 
Depth Threshold (Close/Far Points): 2.98185
 
ORB Extractor Parameters: 
- Number of Features: 1250
- Scale Levels: 8
- Scale Factor: 1.2
- Initial Fast Threshold: 20
- Minimum Fast Threshold: 7
There are 1 cameras in the atlas
Camera 0 is pinhole
Shutdown
 
Saving keyframe trajectory to KeyFrameTrajectory.txt ...
double free or corruption (out)
[ros2run]: Aborted
robot@ll-Lenovo:~/d7lros2/orb_slam3_ws$

解决方法见文章：

解决：ShutdownSaving keyframe trajectory to KeyFrameTrajectory.txt ...double free or corruption

三、深度相机的配置和ORB_SLAM3建图启动

见文章：解决：ShutdownSaving keyframe trajectory to KeyFrameTrajectory.txt ...double free or corruption

内容重复，不再赘述。

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