在WSL的ubuntu 26.04容器中用deb安装包安装使用redrock-4.1-1

1.拉取镜像并运行容器

复制代码
docker pull docker.1ms.run/ubuntu:26.04
Trying to pull docker.1ms.run/ubuntu:26.04...
Getting image source signatures
Copying blob 6f5c5aa4e145 done
Copying blob 1c24335ddd46 done
Copying config 30ba44506a done
Writing manifest to image destination
Storing signatures
30ba44506a6d003153c80023c4474e67d3487e9178df254bde55b19209cc8683

docker run -itd -v /mnt/c/d:/par --network=host --name  redrock411 docker.1ms.run/ubuntu:26.04
7732c1ddfe94ece8db79bf7858143ce66f6a4296db93bc92e430dd5149600e3a
  1. 登录容器,修改apt源,更新apt索引

    root@aaaa:/mnt/c/d# docker exec -it redrock411 bash
    root@aaaa:/# cd /par
    root@aaaa:/par# mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.old
    root@aaaa:/par# cp /par/sources.list.txt /etc/apt/sources.list
    root@aaaa:/par# apt update
    Ign:1 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu resolute InRelease
    ...
    Err:1 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu resolute InRelease
    SSL connection failed: error:0A000086:SSL routines::certificate verify failed / Success [IP: 101.6.15.130 443]
    Fetched 23.4 MB in 8s (2924 kB/s)
    2 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
    Warning: Target Packages (main/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:10 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources:2
    ...
    Warning: Failed to fetch https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/resolute/InRelease SSL connection failed: error:0A000086:SSL routines::certificate verify failed / Success [IP: 101.6.15.130 443]
    Warning: Failed to fetch https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/resolute-updates/InRelease SSL connection failed: error:0A000086:SSL routines::certificate verify failed / Success [IP: 101.6.15.130 443]
    Warning: Failed to fetch https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/resolute-backports/InRelease SSL connection failed: error:0A000086:SSL routines::certificate verify failed / Success [IP: 101.6.15.130 443]
    Warning: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
    Warning: Target Packages (main/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:10 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources:2
    ...
    Notice: Some sources can be modernized. Run 'apt modernize-sources' to do so.
    root@aaaa:/par#
    exit
    root@aaaa:/mnt/c/d# docker stop redrock411
    redrock411
    root@aaaa:/mnt/c/d# docker rm redrock411
    7732c1ddfe94ece8db79bf7858143ce66f6a4296db93bc92e430dd5149600e3a

主要是两类报错

1 Err:1 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu resolute InRelease

SSL connection failed: error:0A000086:SSL routines::certificate verify failed / Success [IP: 101.6.15.130 443]

2 Warning: Target Packages (main/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:10 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources:2

在网上查找说是有两种配置文件,前者是旧的,后者是现代的,清华源镜像中也分别有两种的替换内容,把第二种的文件改名,就没有第二类警告了。

复制代码
root@aaaa:/mnt/c/d# docker run -itd -v /mnt/c/d:/par --network=host --name  redrock411 docker.1ms.run/ubuntu:26.04
f08f5769b1d20cefa004e6773de9f64f791a2272d4a2d3f05b91a642999c8f79
root@aaaa:/mnt/c/d# docker exec -it redrock411 bash
root@aaaa:/# ls -l /etc/apt/sources.list
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 270 Apr 21 02:06 /etc/apt/sources.list
root@aaaa:/# ls -l /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2564 Apr 21 02:06 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources
root@aaaa:/# mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.old
root@aaaa:/# mv /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources.old
root@aaaa:/# cp /par/sources.list.txt /etc/apt/sources.list
root@aaaa:/# apt update
Ign:1 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu resolute InRelease
...

Err:1 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu resolute InRelease
  SSL connection failed: error:0A000086:SSL routines::certificate verify failed / Success [IP: 101.6.15.130 443]
Fetched 262 kB in 8s (34.0 kB/s)
1 package can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see it.
Notice: Ignoring file 'ubuntu.sources.old' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension
Warning: Failed to fetch https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/resolute/InRelease  SSL connection failed: error:0A000086:SSL routines::certificate verify failed / Success [IP: 101.6.15.130 443]
Warning: Failed to fetch https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/resolute-updates/InRelease  SSL connection failed: error:0A000086:SSL routines::certificate verify failed / Success [IP: 101.6.15.130 443]
Warning: Failed to fetch https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/resolute-backports/InRelease  SSL connection failed: error:0A000086:SSL routines::certificate verify failed / Success [IP: 101.6.15.130 443]
Warning: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
Notice: Some sources can be modernized. Run 'apt modernize-sources' to do so.

第一种说是和ca-certificate apt-transport-https包有关,可是在arm64中https是可以用的,怎么到了amd64就不行了,简单的方法是把配置文件中的https都改为http, 不报错了。

复制代码
root@aaaa:/# apt install ca-certificate apt-transport-https
Note, selecting 'apt' instead of 'apt-transport-https'
Notice: Ignoring file 'ubuntu.sources.old' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension
Error: Unable to locate package ca-certificate
root@aaaa:/# cp /par/sources.list2.txt /etc/apt/sources.list
root@aaaa:/# apt update
Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu resolute InRelease [136 kB]
...
Get:11 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu resolute-updates/universe amd64 Packages [48.9 kB]
Fetched 23.2 MB in 1s (21.8 MB/s)
2 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
Notice: Ignoring file 'ubuntu.sources.old' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension
Notice: Some sources can be modernized. Run 'apt modernize-sources' to do so.
root@aaaa:/#

安装从redrock网站下载的deb包。

复制代码
wget https://redrock-releases.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/v4.1/redrock-4.1-1.linux.x86_64-deb.tar.gz

tar xf redrock-4.1-1.linux.x86_64-deb.tar.gz
tar: redrock-4.1-1.linux.amd64-deb: Cannot change mode to rwxr-xr-x: Operation not permitted
tar: Exiting with failure status due to previous errors
root@aaaa:/par# cd redrock-4.1-1.linux.x86_64-deb
bash: cd: redrock-4.1-1.linux.x86_64-deb: No such file or directory
root@aaaa:/par# cd redrock-4.1-1.linux.amd64-deb

root@aaaa:/# cd /par
root@aaaa:/par# dpkg -i redrock-libs_4.1-1_amd64.deb
dpkg: error: cannot access archive 'redrock-libs_4.1-1_amd64.deb': No such file or directory
root@aaaa:/par# cd redrock-4.1-1.linux.amd64-deb
root@aaaa:/par/redrock-4.1-1.linux.amd64-deb# dpkg -i redrock-libs_4.1-1_amd64.deb
Selecting previously unselected package redrock-libs:amd64.
(Reading database ... 7724 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack redrock-libs_4.1-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking redrock-libs:amd64 (4.1-1) ...
Setting up redrock-libs:amd64 (4.1-1) ...
root@aaaa:/par/redrock-4.1-1.linux.amd64-deb# dpkg -i redrock-client_4.1-1_amd64.deb
Selecting previously unselected package redrock-client.
(Reading database ... 7818 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack redrock-client_4.1-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking redrock-client (4.1-1) ...
Setting up redrock-client (4.1-1) ...
root@aaaa:/par/redrock-4.1-1.linux.amd64-deb# dpkg -i redrock-server_4.1-1_amd64.deb
Selecting previously unselected package redrock-server.
(Reading database ... 8204 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack redrock-server_4.1-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking redrock-server (4.1-1) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of redrock-server:
 redrock-server depends on locales | locales-all; however:
  Package locales is not installed.
  Package locales-all is not installed.
 redrock-server depends on tzdata; however:
  Package tzdata is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package redrock-server (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 redrock-server

用apt --fix-broken install命令修复,会自动下载安装依赖包

复制代码
root@aaaa:/par/redrock-4.1-1.linux.amd64-deb# apt --fix-broken install
Correcting dependencies... Done
Installing dependencies:
  locales  tzdata

Summary:
  Upgrading: 0, Installing: 2, Removing: 0, Not Upgrading: 2
  1 not fully installed or removed.
  Download size: 4417 kB
  Space needed: 17.6 MB / 113 GB available

Notice: Ignoring file 'ubuntu.sources.old' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension
Continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu resolute/main amd64 locales all 2.43-2ubuntu2 [4224 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu resolute/main amd64 tzdata all 2026a-3ubuntu1 [194 kB]
Fetched 4417 kB in 0s (16.6 MB/s)
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
debconf: (No usable dialog-like program is installed, so the dialog based frontend cannot be used. at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Dialog.pm line 79, <STDIN> line 2.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Readline
debconf: (Can't locate Term/ReadLine.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Term::ReadLine module) (@INC entries checked: /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.40.1 /usr/local/share/perl/5.40.1 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.40 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl-base /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.40 /usr/share/perl/5.40 /usr/local/lib/site_perl) at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Readline.pm line 8, <STDIN> line 2.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Teletype
N: Ignoring file 'ubuntu.sources.old' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension
Preconfiguring packages ...
Configuring tzdata
------------------

Please select the geographic area in which you live. Subsequent configuration questions will narrow this down by
presenting a list of cities, representing the time zones in which they are located.

  1. Africa   3. Antarctica  5. Asia      7. Australia  9. Indian    11. Etc
  2. America  4. Arctic      6. Atlantic  8. Europe     10. Pacific
Geographic area: 1

Please select the city or region corresponding to your time zone.

  1. Abidjan      
Time zone: 1

Selecting previously unselected package locales.
(Reading database ... 8594 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../locales_2.43-2ubuntu2_all.deb ...
Unpacking locales (2.43-2ubuntu2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package tzdata.
Preparing to unpack .../tzdata_2026a-3ubuntu1_all.deb ...
Unpacking tzdata (2026a-3ubuntu1) ...
Setting up locales (2.43-2ubuntu2) ...
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
debconf: (No usable dialog-like program is installed, so the dialog based frontend cannot be used. at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Dialog.pm line 79.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Readline
debconf: (Can't locate Term/ReadLine.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Term::ReadLine module) (@INC entries checked: /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.40.1 /usr/local/share/perl/5.40.1 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.40 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl-base /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.40 /usr/share/perl/5.40 /usr/local/lib/site_perl) at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Readline.pm line 8.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Teletype
Generating locales (this might take a while)...
Generation complete.
Setting up tzdata (2026a-3ubuntu1) ...
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
debconf: (No usable dialog-like program is installed, so the dialog based frontend cannot be used. at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Dialog.pm line 79.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Readline
debconf: (Can't locate Term/ReadLine.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Term::ReadLine module) (@INC entries checked: /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.40.1 /usr/local/share/perl/5.40.1 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.40 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl-base /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.40 /usr/share/perl/5.40 /usr/local/lib/site_perl) at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Readline.pm line 8.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Teletype

Current default time zone: 'Africa/Abidjan'
Local time is now:      Fri May 15 23:27:43 GMT 2026.
Universal Time is now:  Fri May 15 23:27:43 UTC 2026.
Run 'dpkg-reconfigure tzdata' if you wish to change it.

Setting up redrock-server (4.1-1) ...
/var/lib/dpkg/info/redrock-server.postinst: 10: adduser: not found
dpkg: error processing package redrock-server (--configure):
 old redrock-server package postinst maintainer script subprocess failed with exit status 127
Errors were encountered while processing:
 redrock-server
Error: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

又报错,缺少adduser命令,也需要apt安装,同时用dpkg-reconfigure tzdata命令把刚才设错的时区改正过来。

复制代码
root@aaaa:/par/redrock-4.1-1.linux.amd64-deb# dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
debconf: (No usable dialog-like program is installed, so the dialog based frontend cannot be used. at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Dialog.pm line 79.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Readline
debconf: (Can't locate Term/ReadLine.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Term::ReadLine module) (@INC entries checked: /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.40.1 /usr/local/share/perl/5.40.1 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.40 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl-base /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.40 /usr/share/perl/5.40 /usr/local/lib/site_perl) at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Readline.pm line 8.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Teletype
Configuring tzdata
------------------

Please select the geographic area in which you live. Subsequent configuration questions will narrow this down by
presenting a list of cities, representing the time zones in which they are located.

  1. Africa   3. Antarctica  5. Asia      7. Australia  9. Indian    11. Etc
  2. America  4. Arctic      6. Atlantic  8. Europe     10. Pacific
Geographic area: 5

Please select the city or region corresponding to your time zone.

 68. Shanghai
Time zone: 68


Current default time zone: 'Asia/Shanghai'
Local time is now:      Sat May 16 07:28:47 CST 2026.
Universal Time is now:  Fri May 15 23:28:47 UTC 2026.

root@aaaa:/par/redrock-4.1-1.linux.amd64-deb#
root@aaaa:/par/redrock-4.1-1.linux.amd64-deb# adduser
bash: adduser: command not found
root@aaaa:/par/redrock-4.1-1.linux.amd64-deb# useradd
Usage: useradd [options] LOGIN
       useradd -D
       useradd -D [options]


root@aaaa:/par/redrock-4.1-1.linux.amd64-deb# apt install adduser
Installing:
  adduser

Suggested packages:
  liblocale-gettext-perl  perl  cron  quota  ecryptfs-utils

Summary:
  Upgrading: 0, Installing: 1, Removing: 0, Not Upgrading: 2
  1 not fully installed or removed.
  Download size: 194 kB
  Space needed: 447 kB / 113 GB available

Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu resolute/main amd64 adduser all 3.153ubuntu1 [194 kB]
Fetched 194 kB in 0s (1146 kB/s)
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
debconf: (No usable dialog-like program is installed, so the dialog based frontend cannot be used. at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Dialog.pm line 79, <STDIN> line 1.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Readline
debconf: (Can't locate Term/ReadLine.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Term::ReadLine module) (@INC entries checked: /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.40.1 /usr/local/share/perl/5.40.1 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.40 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl-base /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.40 /usr/share/perl/5.40 /usr/local/lib/site_perl) at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Readline.pm line 8, <STDIN> line 1.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Teletype
N: Ignoring file 'ubuntu.sources.old' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension
Selecting previously unselected package adduser.
(Reading database ... 9741 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../adduser_3.153ubuntu1_all.deb ...
Unpacking adduser (3.153ubuntu1) ...
Setting up adduser (3.153ubuntu1) ...
Setting up redrock-server (4.1-1) ...
Notice: Ignoring file 'ubuntu.sources.old' in directory '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/' as it has an invalid filename extension

安装包设置成功了,systemctl命令不存在,需要进入bin目录,初始化数据库,启动数据库,才能连接,需要设置动态库搜索路径。

复制代码
root@aaaa:/par/redrock-4.1-1.linux.amd64-deb# ls -l /usr/pgsql*
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 16 07:25 bin
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 May 16 07:25 doc
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 May 16 07:25 lib
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 May 16 07:25 share
root@aaaa:/par/redrock-4.1-1.linux.amd64-deb# cd /usr/pgsql*/bin
root@aaaa:/usr/pgsql-18/bin# ./postgresql-setup initdb
Initializing database ... OK

root@aaaa:/usr/pgsql-18/bin# systemctl start postgresql.service
bash: systemctl: command not found
root@aaaa:/usr/pgsql-18/bin# su - postgres
postgres@aaaa:~$ psql
-bash: psql: command not found
postgres@aaaa:~$ cd /usr/pgsql*
postgres@aaaa:/usr/pgsql-18$ bin/psql
bin/psql: error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
postgres@aaaa:/usr/pgsql-18$


postgres@aaaa:/usr/pgsql-18$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/pgsql-18/lib
postgres@aaaa:/usr/pgsql-18$ bin/psql
psql: error: connection to server on socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432" failed: No such file or directory
        Is the server running locally and accepting connections on that socket?
postgres@aaaa:/usr/pgsql-18$ bin/pg_ctl -D /var/lib/pgsql/18/data start
waiting for server to start....2026-05-16 08:14:37.314 CST [954] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 18.4 - redrock 4.1 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 6.3.0-18+deb9u1) 6.3.0 20170516, 64-bit
2026-05-16 08:14:37.315 CST [954] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "127.0.0.1", port 5432
2026-05-16 08:14:37.319 CST [954] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2026-05-16 08:14:37.331 CST [960] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2026-05-16 07:42:38 CST
2026-05-16 08:14:37.345 CST [954] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
 done
server started
postgres@aaaa:/usr/pgsql-18$ bin/psql
psql (18.4 - redrock 4.1)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=#

安装本身不难,主要是基础的ubuntu镜像缺少内容,修补起来很麻烦。

附录:

复制代码
adduser和useradd的区别

在Linux系统中,添加用户可以使用adduser和useradd这两个命令。虽然它们都能实现添加用户的功能,但在使用方式和细节上有一些显著的区别。

adduser命令

adduser是一个Perl脚本,通过交互式菜单设定一些用户参数。使用adduser命令时,它会自动执行以下操作:

创建用户组:adduser会自动为新用户创建一个用户组。

创建用户目录:adduser会自动创建用户的主目录,并复制/etc/skel目录下的文件到用户目录中。

选择Shell版本:adduser会自动为用户选择一个默认的Shell。

提示设置用户密码:adduser会提示用户输入密码,并进行确认。

用户可以直接登录:使用adduser创建的用户可以立即登录系统,因为已经设置了密码等必要信息。

示例:

sudo adduser username

执行上述命令后,会进入交互式菜单,提示输入密码和其他用户信息。

useradd命令

useradd是一个底层命令,功能更为基础和灵活。使用useradd命令时,如果不带任何选项,创建的用户将没有密码、没有主目录、没有指定的Shell。为了使用户能够正常使用,还需要进行额外的配置。

不自动创建用户组:需要手动指定参数来创建用户组。

不自动创建用户目录:需要手动指定参数来创建用户目录。

不自动选择Shell版本:需要手动指定Shell。

不提示设置用户密码:需要手动设置密码。

用户不能直接登录:需要配置密码和其他信息后才能登录。

示例:

sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash username
sudo passwd username

上述命令中,-m选项用于创建用户的主目录,-s选项用于指定用户的Shell,passwd命令用于设置用户密码。

总结

对于初学者或希望简化操作的用户,建议使用adduser命令,因为它通过交互式菜单自动完成了大部分配置。而对于有经验的用户或需要更灵活控制的场景,可以使用useradd命令,并手动配置所需的选项。
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