基于Python 简易实现接口测试自动化

目录

实现思路

统筹脚本

请求封装

日志封装

结果比对

结果邮件

用例获取及数据格式化

请求url转换

测试用例excel结构

测试报告

邮件接收结果

资料获取方法


实现思路

使用excel管理用例用例信息,requests模块发送http请求,实现了记录日志,邮件发送测试报告的功能

目录结构如下:

下面直接上代码:

统筹脚本

请求封装

python 复制代码
# coding:utf-8
import json
import requests
 
from logging_save import logger
from result_check import Result_check
from url_transform import urltransform
 
 
class Interface:
    def __init__(self, ):
        pass
 
    def interfaceTest(self, case_list):
        """
        接口调用主函数
        """
        # 用于存结果
        res_flags = []
        # 用于存请求报文
        request_urls = []
        # 用于存返回报文
        responses = []
        # 用户存失败的用例
        failed_case = []
        # 统计成功失败的用例数
        count_success = 0
        count_failure = 0
        for case in case_list:
            try:
                # 模块
                product = case[0]
                # 用例id
                case_id = case[1]
                # 用例标题
                interface_name = case[2].strip('\n')
                # 用例描述
                case_detail = case[3]
                # 请求方式
                method = case[4]
                # 请求url
                url = case[5]
                # 入参
                param = case[6]
                # 预期结果
                res_check = case[7]
            except Exception as e:
                return '测试用例格式不正确!%s' % e
            # 定义消息头信息
            headers = {'content-type': 'application/json',
                       'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:22.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/22.0'}
            # 对url进行封装
            new_url = urltransform().urltransform(url, method, param)
            if method.upper() == 'GET':
                results = requests.get(new_url).text
                logger.info(u'正在调用接口: %s' % interface_name)
                # print results
                responses.append(results)
                # 用于存储预期结果与实际结果的比较结果
                res = Result_check().interface_result_check(results, res_check)
                request_urls.append(new_url)
            else:
                request_urls.append(new_url)
                if param == '':
                    pass
                else:
                    data = json.loads(param)  # 将参数转化为json格式
                results = requests.post(new_url, data=json.dumps(data), headers=headers).text
                responses.append(results)
                res = Result_check().interface_result_check(results, res_check)
            if 'pass' in res:
                res_flags.append('pass')
                count_success += 1
            else:
                logger.warning(u'接口返回结果与预期结果不一致!失败URL: %s METHOD :%s' % (url, method))
                res_flags.append('fail')
                count_failure += 1
                failed_case.append((interface_name, method, url))
        logger.info(u'共执行 %s 条用例,PASS: %s,FAILED: %s' % (len(case_list), count_success, count_failure))
        return res_flags, request_urls, responses, count_success, count_failure, failed_case

日志封装

python 复制代码
# coding=utf-8
import logging
import sys
import traceback
import time
 
class LoggingUtils:
    '''
    ===========封装日志工具类的基本操作=============
    '''
    def __init__(self,logfile):
        '''
        :param logfile:
        '''
        self.logger = logging.getLogger(logfile)
        self.hdlr = logging.FileHandler(logfile)
        formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
        self.ch = logging.StreamHandler()
        self.ch.setLevel(logging.INFO)
        self.ch.setFormatter(formatter)
        self.hdlr.setFormatter(formatter)
        self.logger.addHandler(self.hdlr)
        self.logger.addHandler(self.ch)
        self.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
 
    def debug(self, msg):
        '''
        :param msg:
        :return:
        '''
        self.logger.debug(msg)
        self.hdlr.flush()
 
    def info(self, msg):
        '''
         
        :param msg:
        :return:
        '''
        self.logger.info(msg)
        self.hdlr.flush()
 
    def warning(self,msg):
        self.logger.warning(msg)
        self.hdlr.flush()
 
    def error(self, msg):
        '''
 
        :param msg:
        :return:
        '''
        self.logger.error(msg)
        # self.logger.removeHandler(logging.StreamHandler())
        self.logger.removeHandler(self.ch)
        self.hdlr.flush()
 
    def error_sys(self, limit=None):
        '''
        :param limit:
        :return:
        '''
        exceptionType, exceptionValue, exceptionTraceback = sys.exc_info()
        if limit is None:
            if hasattr(sys, 'tracebacklimit'):
                limit = sys.tracebacklimit
        n = 0
        eline = '\n'
        while exceptionTraceback is not None and (limit is None or n < limit):
            f = exceptionTraceback.tb_frame
            lineno = exceptionTraceback.tb_lineno
            co = f.f_code
            filename = co.co_filename
            name = co.co_name
            eline += ' File "%s", line %d, in %s \n ' % (filename, lineno, name)
            exceptionTraceback = exceptionTraceback.tb_next
            n = n + 1
 
        eline += "\n".join(traceback.format_exception_only(exceptionType, exceptionValue))
        self.logger.error(eline)
        self.hdlr.flush()
timer = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d',time.localtime())
logger = LoggingUtils('%s.log'%timer)

结果比对

python 复制代码
#coding:utf-8
class result_check():
 
    def __init__(self):
        pass
 
    def result_check(self,results,res_check):
        '''
        结果对比函数
        '''
        #返回结果,将结果中的json数据转化为可以和预期结果比较的数据
        res = results.replace('":"','=').replace('" : "','=')
        #预期结果,是xx=11;xx=22
        res_check = res_check.split(';')
        for s in res_check:
            if s in res:
                pass
            else:
                return '结果不匹配 '+ str(s)
        return 'pass'
 result_save.py   保存测试结果的模块,复制原有的用例,保存为新的excel
#coding:utf-8
from xlutils import copy
import xlrd
import time
import os
 
class Save_test_result():
 
    def __init__(self):
        pass
 
    def save_result(self,file_path,res_flags,request_urls,responses):
        '''
        :return:
        '''
        book = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path)
        new_book = copy.copy(book)
        sheet = new_book.get_sheet(0)
        i = 1
        for request_url, response, flag in zip(request_urls, responses, res_flags):
            sheet.write(i, 8, u'%s' % request_url)
            sheet.write(i, 9, u'%s' % response)
            sheet.write(i, 10, u'%s' % flag)
            i += 1
        report_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join('report'))
        if not os.path.exists(report_path):
            os.makedirs(report_path)
        new_book.save(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(report_path, 'Report@%s.xls' % time.strftime('%Y.%m.%d@%H%M%S'))))

结果邮件

python 复制代码
#coding:utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
import os
from logging_save import  logger
 
 
class Send_report(object):
    def __init__(self,count_success,count_failure,failed_case):
        '''
        :param count_success:
        :param count_failure:
        :param failed_case:
        '''
        self.count_success = count_success
        self.count_failure = count_failure
        self.failed_case = failed_case
 
    def newest_report(self,testreport='report'):
        '''
        获取最新的测试报告
        :param testreport:
        :return:
        '''
        lists = os.listdir(testreport)
        lists.sort(key=lambda fn: os.path.getmtime(os.path.join(testreport,fn)))
        file_new = os.path.join(testreport, lists[-1])
        logger.info('获取最新附件报告成功')
        return file_new
 
    def send_result(self,username,passwd,from_addr,to_addrs,smtpserver,*args):
        '''
        :param username:
        :param passwd:
        :param from_addr:
        :param to_addrs:
        :param smtpserver:
        :param args:
        :return:
        '''
        sender = from_addr
        subject = '财富港接口测试结果'
        username = username
        passwd = passwd
 
        '''邮件内容'''
        tille = (u'用例名称', u'请求方式', u'url')
        details = (u'成功: ' + str(self.count_success) + u'失败: ' + str(self.count_failure)) + '\n' + u'失败的用例如下 :' + \
                  '\n' + '\n'.join(str(zip(tille, i)) for i in self.failed_case).decode('unicode-escape')
        logger.info('邮件附件为: %s' %(args[0].split('\\')[1]))
 
        if args != None: #判断是否添加附件
            msg = MIMEMultipart()
            msg.attach(MIMEText(details, 'plain', 'utf-8'))
            i = 0
            while i < len(args): #可以添加多个附件
                part = MIMEText(open(args[i], 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
                part["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
                part["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="%s"'%args[i]
                msg.attach(part) #添加附件
                i += 1
 
            msg['subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
            msg['From'] = from_addr
            msg['To'] = ','.join(eval(to_addrs)) #兼容多个收件人
            smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
            try:
                smtp.connect(smtpserver)
                smtp.login(username, passwd)
                smtp.sendmail(sender, eval(to_addrs), msg.as_string())
                smtp.close()
                logger.info('带附件测试报告发送成功!')
            except smtplib.SMTPAuthenticationError,e:
                logger.error('邮箱账户或密码错误: '+ str(e))
 
        else:
            msg = MIMEText(details, 'plain', 'utf-8')
            msg['subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
            msg['From'] = from_addr
            msg['To'] =  ','.join(eval(to_addrs))
            smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
            try:
                smtp.connect(smtpserver)
                smtp.login(username, passwd)
                smtp.sendmail(sender, eval(to_addrs), msg.as_string())
                logger.info('测试报告发送成功!')
                smtp.close()
            except smtplib.SMTPAuthenticationError,e:
                logger.error('邮箱账户或密码错误 : '+str(e))

用例获取及数据格式化

python 复制代码
#coding:utf-8
import xlrd
 
from logging_save import logger
 
class Get_testcase(object):
 
    def __init__(self, file_path):
        '''
        :param file_path: 用例文件路径
        '''
        self.file_path = file_path
 
    def readExcel(self):
        '''
        读取用例函数
        :return: 测试用例列表
        '''
        try:
            book = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_path)  # 打开excel
        except Exception, error:
            logger.error('路径不在或者excel不正确 : ' + str(error))
            return error
        else:
            sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0)  # 取第一个sheet页
            rows = sheet.nrows  # 取这个sheet页的所有行数
            case_list = []  # 用于保存用例信息
            for i in range(rows):
                if i != 0:
                    case_list.append(sheet.row_values(i)) # 把每一条测试用例添加到case_list中
            return case_list

请求url转换

python 复制代码
#coding:utf-8
class urltransform(object):
    def __init__(self):
        pass
 
    def urltransform(self, url, method, param):
        '''
        :return:
        '''
        if param == '':
            new_url = url
        else:
            if method.upper() == 'GET':
                new_url = url + '?' + param.replace(';', '&')  #如果有参数,且为GET方法则组装url
            else:
                new_url = url
        return new_url

测试用例excel结构

config目录下,config.py 获取配置文件信息的模块

python 复制代码
#conding:utf-8
import ConfigParser
 
class Config(object):
 
    def __init__(self,file_path):
        self.config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
        self.config.read(file_path)
 
    def get_mail_config(self):
        login_user = self.config.get('SMTP', 'login_user')
        login_pwd = self.config.get('SMTP', 'login_pwd')
        from_addr = self.config.get('SMTP', 'from_addr')
        to_addrs = self.config.get('SMTP', 'to_addrs')
        smtp_server = self.config.get('SMTP', 'smtp_server')
        port = self.config.get('SMTP', 'port')
        return login_user, login_pwd , from_addr, to_addrs,smtp_server, port
 
    def report_save_config(self):
        pass

mail.conf

python 复制代码
[SMTP]
login_user = 18******@163.com
login_pwd = ******
from_addr =  BI<18******@163.com>
to_addrs = ['18******@163.com']
#to_addrs = ['1******@qq.com','******.com']
smtp_server = smtp.163.com
port = 25

测试报告

邮件接收结果


资料获取方法

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