目录
[4.环形链表 II](#4.环形链表 II)
前言:
数据结构想要学的好,刷题少不了,我们不仅要多刷题,还要刷好题!为此我开启了一个必做好题锦集的系列,每篇大约5题左右。此为第二篇选择题篇,该系列会不定期更新敬请期待!
1.链表分割
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代码:
java
public class Partition {
public ListNode partition(ListNode head, int x) {
if(head==null)
{
return null;
}
ListNode cura1=null;
ListNode curb1=null;
ListNode cura2=null;
ListNode curb2=null;
ListNode cur=head;
while (cur!=null){
if(x>cur.val){
if(cura1==null){
cura1=cur;
curb1=cur;
}else{
curb1.next=cur;
curb1=curb1.next;
}
}else{
if(cura2==null){
cura2=cur;
curb2=cur;
}else{
curb2.next=cur;
curb2=curb2.next;
}
}
cur=cur.next;
}
if(cura1==null){
return cura2;
}
curb1.next=cura2;
if(curb2!=null){
curb2.next=null;
}
return cura1;
}
}
解析:
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示例1:
(1)
(2)
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(3)
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(4)
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示例2:
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示例3:
(1)
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(2)
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2.相交链表
160. 相交链表https://leetcode.cn/problems/intersection-of-two-linked-lists/
方法1
代码:
java
public ListNode getIntersectionNode(ListNode head1, ListNode head2) {
if (head1==null||head2==null){
return null;
}
int size1=size(head1);
int size2=size(head2);
int size=size1-size2;
//设长链表为head1,短链表为head2
if(size<0){
size=-1*size;
ListNode tmp=head1;
head1=head2;
head2=tmp;
}
while(size>0){
size--;
head1=head1.next;
}
while(head1!=head2){
head1=head1.next;
head2=head2.next;
}
return head1;
}
public int size(ListNode head){
int count=0;
while(head!=null){
count++;
head=head.next;
}
return count;
}
解析:
(1)
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(2)
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(3)
方法2
代码:
java
public ListNode getIntersectionNode(ListNode headA, ListNode headB) {
if (headA == null || headB == null) return null;
ListNode pA = headA, pB = headB;
while (pA != pB) {
pA = pA == null ? headB : pA.next;
pB = pB == null ? headA : pB.next;
}
return pA;
}
解析:
pA走过的路径为A链+B链
pB走过的路径为B链+A链
pA和pB走过的长度都相同,都是A链和B链的长度之和,相当于将两条链从尾端对齐,如果相交,则会提前在相交点相遇,如果没有相交点,则会在最后相遇。
3.环形链表
环形链表https://leetcode.cn/problems/linked-list-cycle/
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代码:
java
public boolean hasCycle(ListNode head) {
if(head==null){
return false;
}
ListNode fast = head;
ListNode slow = head;
while(fast != null && fast.next != null) {
fast = fast.next.next;
slow = slow.next;
if(fast == slow) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
解析:
【思路】
快慢指针,即慢指针一次走一步,快指针一次走两步,两个指针从链表起始位置开始运行,如果链表 带环则一定会在环中相遇,否则快指针率先走到链表的末尾。
当慢指针刚进环时,可能就和快指针相遇了,最差情况下两个指针之间的距离刚好就是环的长度。此时,两个指针每移动一次,之间的距离就缩小一步,不会出现每次刚好是套圈的情况,因此:在慢指针走到一圈之前,快指针肯定是可以追上慢指 针的,即相遇。
扩展问题
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小结:
走3步,在2个节点的环中实际上是走了一个周期多一步,当走1步的进入环与 走3步的没有相遇,之后就无法相遇,因为速度相同。
4.环形链表 II
142. 环形链表 IIhttps://leetcode.cn/problems/linked-list-cycle-ii/
代码:
java
public ListNode detectCycle(ListNode head) {
if(head==null){
return null;
}
ListNode fast = head;
ListNode slow = head;
while(fast != null && fast.next != null) {
fast = fast.next.next;
slow = slow.next;
if(fast == slow) {
break;
}
}
if(fast == null || fast.next == null){
return null;
}
slow=head;
while (slow!=fast){
fast = fast.next;
slow = slow.next;
}
return slow;
}
解析:
结论
让一个指针从链表起始位置开始遍历链表,同时让一个指针从判环时相遇点的位置开始绕环运行,两个指针 都是每次均走一步,最终肯定会在入口点的位置相遇 。
证明:
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以上为我个人的小分享,如有问题,欢迎讨论!!!
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