十八、本地配置Hive

1、配置MYSQL

bash 复制代码

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Yang3135989009';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>  flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

2、配置Hadoop

（1）进入Hadoop用户

bash 复制代码

hadoop@node1:/export/server/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ vim core-site.xml

（2）修改文件如下

给予Hadoop用户权限

bash 复制代码

        </property>
        <property>
                <name>hadoop.proxyuser.hadoop.hosts</name>
                <value>*</value>
        </property> 
        <property>                      
                <name>hadoop.proxyuser.hadoop.groups</name>
                <value>*</value>
        </property>

3、下载解压Hive

需要注意，此处应该切换到Hadoop用户

[hive下载链接]http://archive.apache.org/dist/hive/hive-3.1.3/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin.tar.gz

bash 复制代码

# 解压到node1服务器的：/export/server/内
tar -zxvf apache-hive-3.1.3-bin.tar.gz -C /export/server/
# 设置软连接
ln -s /export/server/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin /export/server/hive

4、下载MySQL驱动

需要注意，此处应该将用户切换为Hadoop。

[MySQL的驱动包]:https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/mysql/mysql-connector-java/5.1.34/mysql-connector-java-5.1.34.jar

bash 复制代码

# 将下载好的驱动jar包，放入：Hive安装文件夹的lib目录内
mv mysql-connector-java-5.1.34-sources.jar /export/server/hive/lib/

5、配置Hive

（1）修改hive-env.sh名称并配置path

bash 复制代码

hadoop@node1:/export/server/hive/conf$ pwd
/export/server/hive/conf

改名：

bash 复制代码

hadoop@node1:/export/server/hive/conf$ mv hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh

配置：

cs 复制代码

export HADOOP_HOME=/export/server/hadoop
export HIVE_CONF_DIR=/export/server/hive/conf
export HIVE_AUX_JARS_PATH=/export/server/hive/lib

（2）创建hive-site.xml

bash 复制代码

<configuration>
  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
    <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&amp;useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
    <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
    <value>root</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
    <value>密码</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>hive.server2.thrift.bind.host</name>
    <value>node1</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>hive.metastore.uris</name>
    <value>thrift://node1:9083</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>hive.metastore.event.db.notification.api.auth</name>
    <value>false</value>
  </property>

</configuration>

6、初始化元数据库

（1）配置hive在MySQL中的元数据库

sql 复制代码

CREATE DATABASE hive CHARSET UTF8;

（2）初始化元数据库

Kotlin 复制代码

# 进入hive路径
cd /export/server/hive
# 初始化MySQL元数据库
bin/schematool -initSchema -dbType mysql -verbos

（3）验证

如果初始化成功，那么再次进入MySQL，我们可以在MySQL的hive库中看见274张新建的元数据的表。

sql 复制代码

mysql> show tables;
+-------------------------------+
| Tables_in_hive                |
+-------------------------------+
| AUX_TABLE                     |
| BUCKETING_COLS                |
| CDS                           |
| COLUMNS_V2                    |
| COMPACTION_QUEUE              |
| COMPLETED_COMPACTIONS         |
| COMPLETED_TXN_COMPONENTS      |
| CTLGS                         |
| DATABASE_PARAMS               |
| DBS                           |
| DB_PRIVS                      |
| DELEGATION_TOKENS             |
| FUNCS                         |
| FUNC_RU                       |
| GLOBAL_PRIVS                  |
| HIVE_LOCKS                    |
| IDXS                          |
| INDEX_PARAMS                  |
| I_SCHEMA                      |
| KEY_CONSTRAINTS               |
| MASTER_KEYS                   |
| MATERIALIZATION_REBUILD_LOCKS |
| METASTORE_DB_PROPERTIES       |
| MIN_HISTORY_LEVEL             |
| MV_CREATION_METADATA          |
| MV_TABLES_USED                |
| NEXT_COMPACTION_QUEUE_ID      |
| NEXT_LOCK_ID                  |
| NEXT_TXN_ID                   |
| NEXT_WRITE_ID                 |
| NOTIFICATION_LOG              |
| NOTIFICATION_SEQUENCE         |
| NUCLEUS_TABLES                |
| PARTITIONS                    |
| PARTITION_EVENTS              |
| PARTITION_KEYS                |
| PARTITION_KEY_VALS            |
| PARTITION_PARAMS              |
| PART_COL_PRIVS                |
| PART_COL_STATS                |
| PART_PRIVS                    |
| REPL_TXN_MAP                  |
| ROLES                         |
| ROLE_MAP                      |
| RUNTIME_STATS                 |
| SCHEMA_VERSION                |
| SDS                           |
| SD_PARAMS                     |
| SEQUENCE_TABLE                |
| SERDES                        |
| SERDE_PARAMS                  |
| SKEWED_COL_NAMES              |
| SKEWED_COL_VALUE_LOC_MAP      |
| SKEWED_STRING_LIST            |
| SKEWED_STRING_LIST_VALUES     |
| SKEWED_VALUES                 |
| SORT_COLS                     |
| TABLE_PARAMS                  |
| TAB_COL_STATS                 |
| TBLS                          |
| TBL_COL_PRIVS                 |
| TBL_PRIVS                     |
| TXNS                          |
| TXN_COMPONENTS                |
| TXN_TO_WRITE_ID               |
| TYPES                         |
| TYPE_FIELDS                   |
| VERSION                       |
| WM_MAPPING                    |
| WM_POOL                       |
| WM_POOL_TO_TRIGGER            |
| WM_RESOURCEPLAN               |
| WM_TRIGGER                    |
| WRITE_SET                     |
+-------------------------------+
74 rows in set (0.00 sec)

7、给予权限和创建logs文件夹

（1）划分文件夹用户组和用户

在前面，使用的root用户，但是启动集群时，需要使用到Hadoop用户，所以这里我们需要将/export/server/路径下的hive 和apache-hive-3.1.3-bin的用户和用户组划给Hadoop，以便我们后序的使用。

Kotlin 复制代码

root@node1:/export/server# chown -R hadoop:hadoop apache-hive-3.1.3-bin hive
root@node1:/export/server# ll
total 20
drwxr-xr-x  5 hadoop hadoop 4096 12月 23 13:17 ./
drwxr-xr-x  3 hadoop hadoop 4096 11月  4 14:16 ../
drwxr-xr-x 10 hadoop hadoop 4096 12月 23 13:03 apache-hive-3.1.3-bin/
lrwxrwxrwx  1 hadoop hadoop   27 11月  6 20:14 hadoop -> /export/server/hadoop-3.3.6/
drwxr-xr-x 11 hadoop hadoop 4096 11月  6 20:47 hadoop-3.3.6/
lrwxrwxrwx  1 hadoop hadoop   36 12月 23 13:17 hive -> /export/server/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin/
lrwxrwxrwx  1 hadoop hadoop   27 11月  4 14:25 jdk -> /export/server/jdk1.8.0_391/
drwxr-xr-x  8 hadoop hadoop 4096 11月  4 14:23 jdk1.8.0_391/

（2）创建logs文件夹

切换到Hadoop用户创建logs文件夹

javascript 复制代码

root@node1:/export/server# su - hadoop
hadoop@node1:~$ cd
hadoop@node1:~$ cd /export/server
hadoop@node1:/export/server$ cd hive
hadoop@node1:/export/server/hive$ ll
total 88
drwxr-xr-x 10 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:03 ./
drwxr-xr-x  5 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:17 ../
drwxr-xr-x  3 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:02 bin/
drwxr-xr-x  2 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:02 binary-package-licenses/
drwxr-xr-x  2 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:55 conf/
drwxr-xr-x  4 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:02 examples/
drwxr-xr-x  7 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:02 hcatalog/
drwxr-xr-x  2 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:03 jdbc/
drwxr-xr-x  4 hadoop hadoop 20480 12月 23 13:04 lib/
-rw-r--r--  1 hadoop hadoop 20798  3月 29  2022 LICENSE
-rw-r--r--  1 hadoop hadoop   230  3月 29  2022 NOTICE
-rw-r--r--  1 hadoop hadoop   540  3月 29  2022 RELEASE_NOTES.txt
drwxr-xr-x  4 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:02 scripts/

hadoop@node1:/export/server/hive$ mkdir logs

hadoop@node1:/export/server/hive$ ll
total 92
drwxr-xr-x 11 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 14:03 ./
drwxr-xr-x  5 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:17 ../
drwxr-xr-x  3 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:02 bin/
drwxr-xr-x  2 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:02 binary-package-licenses/
drwxr-xr-x  2 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:55 conf/
drwxr-xr-x  4 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:02 examples/
drwxr-xr-x  7 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:02 hcatalog/
drwxr-xr-x  2 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:03 jdbc/
drwxr-xr-x  4 hadoop hadoop 20480 12月 23 13:04 lib/
-rw-r--r--  1 hadoop hadoop 20798  3月 29  2022 LICENSE
drwxrwxr-x  2 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 14:03 logs/
-rw-r--r--  1 hadoop hadoop   230  3月 29  2022 NOTICE
-rw-r--r--  1 hadoop hadoop   540  3月 29  2022 RELEASE_NOTES.txt
drwxr-xr-x  4 hadoop hadoop  4096 12月 23 13:02 scripts/

8、启动

1、后台启动元数据管理服务

bash 复制代码

nohup bin/hive --service metastore >> logs/metastore.log 2>&1 &

Kotlin 复制代码

hadoop@node1:/export/server/hive$ nohup bin/hive --service metastore >> logs/metastore.log 2>&1 &
[1] 66238
hadoop@node1:/export/server/hive$ cd logs
hadoop@node1:/export/server/hive/logs$ ll
total 12
drwxrwxr-x  2 hadoop hadoop 4096 12月 23 14:05 ./
drwxr-xr-x 11 hadoop hadoop 4096 12月 23 14:03 ../
-rw-rw-r--  1 hadoop hadoop 1096 12月 23 14:06 metastore.log

2、启动客户端

注意，需要提前开启hsfs和yarn集群。

Kotlin 复制代码

cd /export/server/hive

在该目录下有bin文件夹，bin中有hive启动程序，输入：

Kotlin 复制代码

bin/hive

Kotlin 复制代码

hadoop@node1:/export/server/hive$ jps
71265 NodeManager
82227 Jps
71107 ResourceManager
69746 NameNode
69956 DataNode
71622 WebAppProxyServer
70271 SecondaryNameNode
66238 RunJar

【错误解决方案】：这里，很有可能出现报错，解决方案如下：

Kotlin 复制代码

hdfs dfsadmin -safemode forceExit

在开启hive之后，会出现如下：

Kotlin 复制代码

hive> show databases;
OK
default
Time taken: 1.23 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
hive>