redis高级 使用canal进行mysql和redis的双写一致应用篇

前言

我们昨天谈论了对应的redis和mysql进行双写一致的理论篇

我们说了五种更新策略和查看的策略

更新策略可以使用

1.先更新数据库再更新redis (高并发可能导致数据不一致)

2.先更新redis再更新数据库 (高并发可能导致数据不一致)

上述建议加上双检加锁策略来保证mysql的负载没那么高

3.停机更新 (业务允许可以使用)

4.先删除redis再更新数据库 ----延迟双删策略(但是业务时间大概率不好估量)

5.先更新数据库再删除redis 使用canal保证数据一致

---

前面我们说了canal主要是通过二进制binlog的监听来对应进行一个增量的监控

下面我们来玩一玩对应的canal

这里的canal我们可以就当做一个从机,用来做对应的同步操作

下载以及前置工作

下载地址 : Release v1.1.6 · alibaba/canal · GitHub

对mysql进行配置,新加一个canal用户

使用以下sql即可(注:mysql5和8不同)

//mysql5.7   开通用户权限

DROP USER IF EXISTS 'canal'@'%';
CREATE USER 'canal'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'canal';  
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'canal'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'canal';  
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
 
SELECT * FROM mysql.user;

只要结果是这样就代表是ok的

下载之后我们放在linux 下的 /mycanal文件夹下

使用 tar -zxvf 进行对应的解压

之后我们需要修改redis下对应的配置文件

我们只需要修改 /mycanal/conf/example/instance.properties

修改为对应的mysql的ip和端口即可

然后我们需要配置对应的my.ini开启对应的binlog二进制文件

log-bin=mysql-bin #开启 binlog
binlog-format=ROW #选择 ROW 模式
server_id=1    #配置MySQL replaction需要定义，不要和canal的 slaveId重复

然后我们重启mysql即可,查看binlog是否开启

开启即可

然后我们去对应的bin目录下开启对应的脚本

对应的stop.sh就是停止对应的应用

然后我们可以去对应日志文件查看是否启动成功

分别查看logs下面文件夹的canal.log和example.log即可

然后我们创建对应的数据库和测试数据表

先创建数据库

然后执行以下语句
CREATE TABLE `t_user` (

  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

  `userName` varchar(100) NOT NULL,

  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4

springboot整合

我们先创建一个项目

然后先配置对应的pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.atguigu.canal</groupId>
    <artifactId>canal_demo02</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.14</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
        <mapper.version>4.1.5</mapper.version>
        <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--canal-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.otter</groupId>
            <artifactId>canal.client</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringBoot通用依赖模块-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--swagger2-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringBoot与Redis整合依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringBoot与AOP-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--Mysql数据库驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringBoot集成druid连接池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>${druid.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis和springboot整合-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--通用基础配置junit/devtools/test/log4j/lombok/hutool-->
        <!--hutool-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>${lombok.version}</version>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!--persistence-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--通用Mapper-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
            <version>${mapper.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

然后是对应的properties文件,记得按照自己的设置修改

记得这里修改数据库的名字以及密码

server.port=5555

# ========================alibaba.druid=====================
spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:13306/canal_test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=abc123
spring.datasource.druid.test-while-idle=false

接着主启动类这里用不到,无需配置

下面写业务类

首先先搞连接池

注意修改对应的配置密码以及redis的IP地址

public class RedisUtils
{
    public static final String  REDIS_IP_ADDR = "192.168.188.136";
    public static final String  REDIS_pwd = "abc123";
    public static JedisPool jedisPool;

    static {
        JedisPoolConfig jedisPoolConfig=new JedisPoolConfig();
        jedisPoolConfig.setMaxTotal(20);
        jedisPoolConfig.setMaxIdle(10);
        jedisPool=new JedisPool(jedisPoolConfig,REDIS_IP_ADDR,6379,10000,REDIS_pwd);
    }

    public static Jedis getJedis() throws Exception {
        if(null!=jedisPool){
            return jedisPool.getResource();
        }
        throw new Exception("Jedispool is not ok");
    }

}

最后就是业务类了

public class RedisCanalClientExample
{
    public static final Integer _60SECONDS = 60;
    public static final String  REDIS_IP_ADDR = "192.168.111.185";

    private static void redisInsert(List<Column> columns)
    {
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        for (Column column : columns)
        {
            System.out.println(column.getName() + " : " + column.getValue() + "    update=" + column.getUpdated());
            jsonObject.put(column.getName(),column.getValue());
        }
        if(columns.size() > 0)
        {
            try(Jedis jedis = RedisUtils.getJedis())
            {
                jedis.set(columns.get(0).getValue(),jsonObject.toJSONString());
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }


    private static void redisDelete(List<Column> columns)
    {
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        for (Column column : columns)
        {
            jsonObject.put(column.getName(),column.getValue());
        }
        if(columns.size() > 0)
        {
            try(Jedis jedis = RedisUtils.getJedis())
            {
                jedis.del(columns.get(0).getValue());
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    private static void redisUpdate(List<Column> columns)
    {
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        for (Column column : columns)
        {
            System.out.println(column.getName() + " : " + column.getValue() + "    update=" + column.getUpdated());
            jsonObject.put(column.getName(),column.getValue());
        }
        if(columns.size() > 0)
        {
            try(Jedis jedis = RedisUtils.getJedis())
            {
                jedis.set(columns.get(0).getValue(),jsonObject.toJSONString());
                System.out.println("---------update after: "+jedis.get(columns.get(0).getValue()));
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public static void printEntry(List<Entry> entrys) {
        for (Entry entry : entrys) {
            if (entry.getEntryType() == EntryType.TRANSACTIONBEGIN || entry.getEntryType() == EntryType.TRANSACTIONEND) {
                continue;
            }

            RowChange rowChage = null;
            try {
                //获取变更的row数据
                rowChage = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException("ERROR ## parser of eromanga-event has an error,data:" + entry.toString(),e);
            }
            //获取变动类型
            EventType eventType = rowChage.getEventType();
            System.out.println(String.format("================&gt; binlog[%s:%s] , name[%s,%s] , eventType : %s",
                    entry.getHeader().getLogfileName(), entry.getHeader().getLogfileOffset(),
                    entry.getHeader().getSchemaName(), entry.getHeader().getTableName(), eventType));

            for (RowData rowData : rowChage.getRowDatasList()) {
                if (eventType == EventType.INSERT) {
                    redisInsert(rowData.getAfterColumnsList());
                } else if (eventType == EventType.DELETE) {
                    redisDelete(rowData.getBeforeColumnsList());
                } else {//EventType.UPDATE
                    redisUpdate(rowData.getAfterColumnsList());
                }
            }
        }
    }


    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        System.out.println("---------O(∩_∩)O哈哈~ initCanal() main方法-----------");

        //=================================
        // 创建链接canal服务端
        CanalConnector connector = CanalConnectors.newSingleConnector(new InetSocketAddress(REDIS_IP_ADDR,
                11111), "example", "", "");
        int batchSize = 1000;
        //空闲空转计数器
        int emptyCount = 0;
        System.out.println("---------------------canal init OK，开始监听mysql变化------");
        try {
            connector.connect();
            //connector.subscribe(".*\\..*");
            connector.subscribe("bigdata.t_user");
            connector.rollback();
            int totalEmptyCount = 10 * _60SECONDS;
            while (emptyCount < totalEmptyCount) {
                System.out.println("我是canal，每秒一次正在监听:"+ UUID.randomUUID().toString());
                Message message = connector.getWithoutAck(batchSize); // 获取指定数量的数据
                long batchId = message.getId();
                int size = message.getEntries().size();
                if (batchId == -1 || size == 0) {
                    emptyCount++;
                    try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
                } else {
                    //计数器重新置零
                    emptyCount = 0;
                    printEntry(message.getEntries());
                }
                connector.ack(batchId); // 提交确认
                // connector.rollback(batchId); // 处理失败, 回滚数据
            }
            System.out.println("已经监听了"+totalEmptyCount+"秒，无任何消息，请重启重试......");
        } finally {
            connector.disconnect();
        }
    }
}

此时我们修改mysql,redis就会自动做同步,原因就是我们在这里打日志的时候也进行了redis的回写操作,大家可以在业务类中很容易的发现