我们并不是为了满足别人的期待而活着。
前言
这是我自己做的第五个小项目---贪吃蛇游戏（代码篇）。后期我会继续制作其他小项目并开源至博客上。
上一小项目是贪吃蛇游戏（必备知识篇），没看过的同学可以去看看：
https://blog.csdn.net/hsy1603914691/article/details/142455297?sharetype=blogdetail&sharerId=142455297&sharerefer=PC&sharesource=hsy1603914691&spm=1011.2480.3001.8118实现代码
下面代码直接复制即可运行。
每个代码块都用简洁的总结和介绍。
<snake.h>文件
cpp
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <locale.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#define KEY_PRESS(VK) ((GetAsyncKeyState(VK)&0x1) ? 1 : 0) //设置键值
#define POS_X 24 //蛇初始位置
#define POS_Y 5 //蛇初始位置
//节点类型
typedef struct SnakeNode
{
//节点的坐标
int x;
int y;
//指向下一个节点的指针
struct SnakeNode* next;
}SnakeNode;
typedef struct SnakeNode* pSnakeNode;
//贪吃蛇的信息
typedef struct Snake
{
pSnakeNode _pSnake;//贪吃蛇的身体节点
pSnakeNode _pFood;//食物节点
enum Direction _dir;//贪吃蛇的方向
enum Game_Statues _status;//贪吃蛇的状态
int _food_weight;//一个食物的分数
int _score;//总分数
int _sleep_time;//休息时间，即贪吃蛇的速度
}Snake;
typedef struct Snake* pSnake;
//方向
enum Direction
{
UP,
DOWN,
LEFT,
RIGHT
};
//状态
enum Game_Status
{
OK,
KILL_BY_WALL,
KILL_BY_SELF,
END_NORMAL
};
//游戏开始
void GameStart(pSnake ps);
//欢迎函数
void WelcomeToGame();
//定位坐标
void SetPos(int x, int y);
//打印地图
void CreateMap();
//初始化贪吃蛇
void InitSnake(pSnake ps);
//创造食物
void CreateFood(pSnake ps);
//游戏运行
void GameRun(pSnake ps);
//打印帮助信息
void PrintHelpInfo();
//暂停设置
void Pause();
//实现贪吃蛇的移动
void SnakeMove(pSnake ps);
//判断是否吃到食物
int NextIsFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);
//实现贪吃蛇吃食物并增长蛇身
void EatFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);
//吃到食物后使食物消失
void NoFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);
//被墙杀死
void KillByWall(pSnake ps);
//被自己杀死
void KillBySelf(pSnake ps);
//游戏结束
void GameEnd(pSnake ps);<snake.c>文件
cpp
#include "snake.h"
//游戏开始
void GameStart(pSnake ps)
{
//设置窗口
system("mode con cols=100 lines=30");//调整CMD行与列
system("title 贪吃蛇");//修改CMD的标题
//获取标准输出的句柄，存放在houtput中。
HANDLE houtput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
if (houtput == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) // 处理错误，例如输出错误信息
{
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get standard output handle.\n");
return;
}
//创建一个CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO的结构体
CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO CursorInfo;
if (!GetConsoleCursorInfo(houtput, &CursorInfo)) // 处理错误，例如输出错误信息
{
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get console cursor info.\n");
return;
}
//隐藏控制台光标
CursorInfo.bVisible = false;
if (!SetConsoleCursorInfo(houtput, &CursorInfo)) // 处理错误，例如输出错误信息
{
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to set console cursor info.\n");
return;
}
//欢迎函数
WelcomeToGame();
//打印地图
CreateMap();
//初始化贪吃蛇
InitSnake(ps);
//设置食物的位置
CreateFood(ps);
}
//欢迎函数
void WelcomeToGame()
{
SetPos(32, 13);
printf("Welcome to the Classic Snake Game!");
SetPos(39, 22);
system("pause");//打印完一个界面后直接暂停，直到点击继续
system("cls");//在清空界面，打印新的一个界面
SetPos(30, 13);
wprintf(L"Navigate the Snake using ↑ ↓ ← →.");
SetPos(33, 15);
wprintf(L"Accelerate to earn more points.");
SetPos(38, 23);
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//定位坐标
void SetPos(int x, int y)
{
//获取标准输出的句柄，存放在houtput中
HANDLE houtput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
//设定我们想要定位的坐标
COORD pos = { x,y };
//将光标定位到pos2
SetConsoleCursorPosition(houtput, pos);
}
//打印地图
void CreateMap()
{
int i = 0;
//打印上边界
for (i = 0; i < 29; i++)
{
wprintf(L"□");
}
//打印下边界
SetPos(0, 26);
for (i=0; i < 29; i++)
{
wprintf(L"□");
}
//打印左边界
for (i = 1; i <= 25; i++)
{
SetPos(0, i);
wprintf(L"□");
}
//打印右边界
for (i = 1; i <= 25; i++)
{
SetPos(56, i);
wprintf(L"□");
}
}
//初始化贪吃蛇
void InitSnake(pSnake ps)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)//开始贪吃蛇一共设置五个长度
{
pSnakeNode cur = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
if (cur == NULL)
{
perror("InitSnake error");
exit(1);
}
cur->next = NULL;
cur->x = POS_X + 2 * i;
cur->y = POS_Y;
//头插法
if (ps->_pSnake == NULL)
{
ps->_pSnake = cur;
}
else
{
cur->next = ps->_pSnake;
ps->_pSnake = cur;
}
}
pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
while (cur != NULL)
{
SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);
wprintf(L"●");
cur = cur->next;
}
//设置贪吃蛇的属性
ps->_dir = RIGHT;
ps->_score = 0;
ps->_food_weight = 10;
ps->_sleep_time = 200;
ps->_status = OK;
}
//设置食物的位置
void CreateFood(pSnake ps)
{
int x;
int y;
again:
do
{
x = (rand()) % 53 + 2;
y = (rand()) % 25 + 1;
} while (x % 2 != 0);
//不能与蛇身冲突
pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
while (cur != NULL)
{
if ((x == cur->x) && (y == cur->y))
{
goto again;
}
cur = cur->next;
}
//创建食物节点
pSnakeNode pFood = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
if (pFood == NULL)
{
perror("CreateFood error");
exit(1);
}
pFood->x = x;
pFood->y = y;
pFood->next = NULL;
SetPos(x, y);
wprintf(L"★");
ps->_pFood = pFood;
}
//游戏运行
void GameRun(pSnake ps)
{
//打印欢迎界面
PrintHelpInfo();
//游戏开始运行
do
{
//显示分数
SetPos(64, 7);
printf("Current score: %d", ps->_score);
SetPos(64, 8);
printf("Current food score: %2d", ps->_food_weight);
//判断玩家操作
if (KEY_PRESS(VK_UP) && (ps->_dir != UP))
{
ps->_dir = UP;
}
else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_DOWN) && (ps->_dir != DOWN))
{
ps->_dir = DOWN;
}
else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_LEFT) && (ps->_dir != LEFT))
{
ps->_dir = LEFT;
}
else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_RIGHT) && (ps->_dir != RIGHT))
{
ps->_dir = RIGHT;
}
else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_SPACE))
{
Pause();//暂停设置
}
else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_ESCAPE))
{
ps->_status = END_NORMAL;
}
else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F3))
{
if (ps->_sleep_time > 80)
{
ps->_sleep_time -= 30;
ps->_food_weight += 2;
}
}
else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F4))
{
if (ps->_food_weight > 2)
{
ps->_sleep_time += 30;
ps->_food_weight -= 2;
}
}
//实现贪吃蛇的移动
SnakeMove(ps);
//通过短暂暂停来展现动态效果
Sleep(ps->_sleep_time);
} while (ps->_status == OK);
}
//打印欢迎界面
void PrintHelpInfo()
{
SetPos(64, 10);
wprintf(L"No wall passing. No self-biting.");
SetPos(64, 12);
wprintf(L"F3 to speed up. F4 to slow down.");
SetPos(64, 14);
wprintf(L"ESC to exit. Space to pause.");
SetPos(74, 21);
wprintf(L"Made by HSY,");
SetPos(66, 22);
wprintf(L"a uniquely independent pig.");
}
//暂停设置
void Pause()
{
while (1)
{
Sleep(200);
if (KEY_PRESS(VK_SPACE))
{
break;
}
}
}
//实现贪吃蛇的移动
void SnakeMove(pSnake ps)
{
pSnakeNode pNextNode = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
if (pNextNode == NULL)
{
perror("SnakeMove error");
exit(1);
}
switch (ps->_dir)
{
case UP:
pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x;
pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y - 1;
break;
case DOWN:
pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x;
pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y + 1;
break;
case LEFT:
pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x - 2;
pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y;
break;
case RIGHT:
pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x + 2;
pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y;
break;
}
if (NextIsFood(pNextNode,ps))
{
EatFood(pNextNode, ps);
}
else
{
NoFood(pNextNode, ps);
}
KillByWall(ps);//被墙杀死
KillBySelf(ps);//被自己杀死
}
//判断是否吃到食物
int NextIsFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{
return (ps->_pFood->x == pn->x && ps->_pFood->y == pn->y);
}
//实现贪吃蛇吃食物并增长蛇身
void EatFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{
ps->_pFood->next = ps->_pSnake;
ps->_pSnake = ps->_pFood;
free(pn);
pn = NULL;
pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
while (cur!=NULL)
{
SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);
wprintf(L"●");
cur = cur->next;
}
ps->_score += ps->_food_weight;
CreateFood(ps);
}
//吃到食物后使食物消失
void NoFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{
pn->next = ps->_pSnake;
ps->_pSnake = pn;
pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
while (cur->next->next != NULL)
{
SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);
wprintf(L"●");
cur = cur->next;
}
SetPos(cur->next->x, cur->next->y);
printf(" ");
free(cur->next);
cur->next = NULL;
}
//被墙杀死
void KillByWall(pSnake ps)
{
if (ps->_pSnake->x == 0 || ps->_pSnake->x == 56 || ps->_pSnake->y == 0 || ps->_pSnake->y == 26)
{
ps->_status = KILL_BY_WALL;
}
}
//被自己杀死
void KillBySelf(pSnake ps)
{
pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake->next;
while (cur)
{
if (cur->x == ps->_pSnake->x && cur->y == ps->_pSnake->y)
{
ps->_status = KILL_BY_SELF;
break;
}
cur = cur->next;
}
}
//游戏结束
void GameEnd(pSnake ps)
{
//判断哪种结束方式
switch (ps->_status)
{
case END_NORMAL:
SetPos(17, 12);
printf("You have ended the game.");
break;
case KILL_BY_WALL:
SetPos(10, 12);
printf("You ended the game by hitting a wall.");
break;
case KILL_BY_SELF:
SetPos(10, 12);
printf("You ended the game by self-collision.");
break;
}
//清除贪吃蛇
pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
pSnakeNode prev = NULL;
while (cur)
{
prev = cur;
cur = cur->next;
free(prev);
}
}<test.c>文件
cpp
#include "snake.h"
//游戏的主体进程
void test()
{
char ch;
do
{
system("cls");
Snake snake = { 0 };
GameStart(&snake);//游戏开始
GameRun(&snake);//游戏运行
GameEnd(&snake);//游戏结束
SetPos(20, 15);//结束之后，询问是否再来一次
printf("Play again? (Y/N)");
ch = getchar();//用户输入一个字符并按回车后，实际上有两个字符进入了输入缓冲区：用户输入的字符和随后的换行符。第一个 getchar() 会读取用户输入的字符，而第二个 getchar() 则用来读取（并丢弃）换行符。
getchar();
} while (ch == 'Y'|| ch == 'y');
SetPos(0, 28);//如果游戏结束，（为了美观）退出代码定位
}
//主函数
int main()
{
//设置本地环境
setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
//生成随机值
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
//测试游戏
test();
return 0;
}致谢
感谢您花时间阅读这篇文章！如果您对本文有任何疑问、建议或是想要分享您的看法，请不要犹豫，在评论区留下您的宝贵意见。每一次互动都是我前进的动力，您的支持是我最大的鼓励。期待与您的交流，让我们共同成长，探索技术世界的无限可能！