在 ubuntu20.04 安装 docker

1、替换清华源

替换 sources.list 里面的内容

sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

2、更新包缓存和下载

sudo apt update

sudo apt upgrade

3、删除存在的 docker

sudo apt remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

查看版本

sudo docker --version

查看是否还存在 docker 服务

sudo dpkg -l | grep docker

4、安装 docker

安装 docker 依赖库

sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release software-properties-common

导入 GPG key

sudo curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

添加 docker apt 源

sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

安装 docker

sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

5、验证安装

sudo docker --version

sudo docker run hello-world

6、FAQ

1）导入GPG key失败

本地下载 GPG

https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg

添加本地 GPG。注意替换本地路径

sudo apt-key add /root/docker/gpg

2）docker run hello-world 失败

可以自己从阿里云获取一个免费的专属地址 https://cr.console.aliyun.com/cn-hangzhou/instances/mirrors

设置 registry mirror

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker

sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://w1m3bf6y.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

重启 docker 服务

sudo systemctl restart docker

或者

service docker restart