本文记录了在Apline linux 安装scikit-learn时,踩坑填坑的过程,记录下来避免未来踩同样的坑~
基础环境
Apline linux-v3.9 x86_64
Python-3.7.12
Pip-20.2.1
Setuptools-47.1.0
Wheel-None
Numpy-1.41.6
Scipy-None
Cython-0.29.2-r0
Scikit-learn-1.0.2
STEP 01 尝试ADD安装
python
#1.执行命令
RUN apk add py3-scikit-learn
python
#2.报错信息
Step 10/18 : RUN apk add py3-scikit-learn
---> Running in 2e70b9dc74c1
fetch http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/v3.9/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/v3.9/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
ERROR: unsatisfiable constraints:
py3-scikit-learn (missing):
required by: world[py3-scikit-learn]
The command '/bin/sh -c apk add py3-scikit-learn' returned a non-zero code: 1
ERROR: Job failed: command terminated with exit code 1
python
#3.报错分析
在尝试使用 Alpine Linux 的 APK 包管理器安装 py3-scikit-learn 时遇到了问题,
因为 py3-scikit-learn 这个包在 Alpine Linux 的官方仓库中并不存在。
Alpine Linux 的仓库通常只包含轻量级的基础软件包和一些常用的库,
而 scikit-learn 是一个相对复杂且依赖较多的 Python 机器学习库,
通常不包含在 Alpine 的默认仓库中。
STEP 02 尝试PIP安装
python
#1.执行命令
RUN pip3 install scikit-learn
python
#2.报错信息
Preparing wheel metadata: finished with status 'error'
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/local/bin/python3.7 /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel /tmp/tmpk1pg8fq4
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-0h2kn6m6/scikit-learn
Complete output (1878 lines):
C compiler: gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC
compile options: '-c'
gcc: test_program.c
gcc objects/test_program.o -o test_program
C compiler: gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC
compile options: '-c'
extra options: '-fopenmp'
gcc: test_program.c
gcc objects/test_program.o -o test_program -fopenmp
Compiling sklearn/__check_build/_check_build.pyx because it changed.
......(省略1000+行)
/tmp/pip-build-env-t31sqbi0/overlay/lib/python3.7/site-packages/scipy/__init__.py:149: UserWarning: A NumPy version >=1.16.5 and <1.23.0 is required for this version of SciPy (detected version 1.14.6
UserWarning)
......(省略700+行)
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/local/bin/python3.7
/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py
prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel /tmp/tmpk1pg8fq4 Check the logs for full command output.
WARNING: You are using pip version 20.2.1; however, version 24.0 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the '/usr/local/bin/python3.7 -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.
The command '/bin/sh -c pip3 install scikit-learn' returned a non-zero code: 1
python
#3.报错分析
scikit-learn 在准备 wheel 元数据时遇到了编译错误。
这通常发生在安装需要编译的 Python 包时,
尤其是当系统缺少必要的编译环境或依赖项时;
scikit-learn 在安装过程中正在尝试编译其 Cython 扩展模块,
这是因为它检测到了这些模块有所更改(可能是源代码更新、
Python 环境变化或依赖项版本不匹配等原因)。
然而,在编译过程中,scipy 的初始化脚本发出了一个警告,
指出当前安装的 NumPy 版本(1.14.6)不符合 scipy 的
要求(需要 >=1.16.5 且 <1.23.0 的版本)。
总结:编译阶段报错,可能原因为缺少编译依赖或依赖项版本不匹配
STEP 03 调整PIP安装依赖模块版本
python
#1.版本调整
Pip-20.2.1
Wheel-0.42.0 (新增)
Setuptools-47.1.0 --> 68.0.0 (升级)
Scikit-learn-1.0.2--> 0.21.2 (降级)
Python-3.7.12
Cython-0.29.2-r0 --> 3.0.11 (升级)
Numpy-1.41.6 --> 1.21.6 (降级)
Scipy-1.7.3 (新增)
python
#2. 执行命令
RUN pip3 install --force-reinstall pip==20.2.1 wheel
&& pip3 install --upgrade setuptools cython
&& pip3 install numpy scipy
&& pip3 install scikit-learn==0.21.2
至此,Scikit-learn模块安装成功!