Docker 运维管理

Kendra9192025-05-20 15:05

Docker 运维管理

一、Swarm集群管理

docker swarm 是 docker 官方提供的一套容器编排系统 ，是 Docker 公司推出的官方容器集群平台。基于 Go 语言 实现。

架构如下：

1.1 Swarm的核心概念

1.1.1 集群

一个集群由多个 Docker 主机组成，这些 Docker 主机以集群模式运行，并充当 Manager 和 Worker

1.1.2 节点

swarm 是一系列节点的集合，节点可以是一台裸机或者一台虚拟机。一个节点能扮演一个或者两个角色 Manager 或者 Worker

  • Manager 节点

    Docker Swarm 集群需要至少一个 manager 节点 ，节点之间使用 Raft consensus protocol 进行协同工作。

    通常，第一个启用 docker swarm 的节点将成为 leader，后来加入的都是 follower。当前的 leader 如果挂掉，剩余的节点将重新选举出一个新的 leader。 每一个 manager 都有一个完整的当前集群状态的副本，可以保证 manager 的高可用

  • Worker 节点

    worker 节点是运行实际应用服务的容器所在的地方 。理论上，一个 manager 节点也能同时成为 worker 节点，但在生产环境中，不建议这样做。 worker 节点之间，通过 control plane 进行通信，这种通信使用 gossip 协议，并且是 异步 的。

1.1.3 服务和任务

  • services(服务)
    swarm service 是一个抽象的概念，它只是一个对运行在 swarm 集群上的应用服务 ，所期望状态的描述。它就像一个描述了下面物品的清单列表一样：
    • 服务名称
    • 使用哪个镜像来创建容器
    • 要运行多少个副本
    • 服务的容器要连接到哪个网络上
    • 应该映射哪些端口
  • task(任务)
    在Docker Swarm中，task 是一个部署的最小单元 ，task与容器是 一对一 的关系。
  • stack(堆栈)
    stack 是描述一系列相关 services 的集合。我们通过在一个 YAML 文件中来定义一个 stack

1.1.4 负载均衡

集群管理器可以自动为服务分配一个已发布端口，也可以为该服务配置一个已发布端口

可以指定任何未使用的端口。如果未指定端口，则集群管理器会为服务分配30000-32767 范围内的端口。

1.2 Swarm安装

准备工作

powershell 复制代码 
[root@docker ~]# hostnamectl hostname manager
[root@docker ~]# exit
[root@manager ~]# nmcli c modify ens160 ipv4.addresses IP地址/24
[root@manager ~]# init 6
[root@manager ~]# cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF
> 192.168.98.47  manager1
> 192.168.98.48  worker1
> 192.168.98.49  worker2
> EOF
[root@manager ~]# ping -c 3 worker1
PING worker1 (192.168.98.48) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from worker1 (192.168.98.48): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.678 ms
64 bytes from worker1 (192.168.98.48): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.461 ms
64 bytes from worker1 (192.168.98.48): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.353 ms

--- worker1 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2035ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.353/0.497/0.678/0.135 ms
[root@manager ~]# ping -c 3 worker2
PING worker2 (192.168.98.49) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from worker2 (192.168.98.49): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.719 ms
64 bytes from worker2 (192.168.98.49): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.300 ms
64 bytes from worker2 (192.168.98.49): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.417 ms

--- worker2 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2089ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.300/0.478/0.719/0.176 ms
[root@manager ~]# ping -c 3 manager1
PING manager1 (192.168.98.47) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from manager1 (192.168.98.47): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.034 ms
64 bytes from manager1 (192.168.98.47): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.038 ms
64 bytes from manager1 (192.168.98.47): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.035 ms

--- manager1 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2042ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.034/0.035/0.038/0.001 ms

[root@worker1 ~]# ping -c 3 worker1
PING worker1 (192.168.98.48) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from worker1 (192.168.98.48): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.023 ms
64 bytes from worker1 (192.168.98.48): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.024 ms
64 bytes from worker1 (192.168.98.48): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.035 ms

--- worker1 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2056ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.023/0.027/0.035/0.005 ms
[root@worker1 ~]# ping -c 3 worker2
PING worker2 (192.168.98.49) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from worker2 (192.168.98.49): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.405 ms
64 bytes from worker2 (192.168.98.49): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.509 ms
64 bytes from worker2 (192.168.98.49): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.381 ms

--- worker2 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2065ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.381/0.431/0.509/0.055 ms

[root@worker2 ~]# ping -c 3 worker1
PING worker1 (192.168.98.48) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from worker1 (192.168.98.48): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.304 ms
64 bytes from worker1 (192.168.98.48): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.346 ms
64 bytes from worker1 (192.168.98.48): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.460 ms

--- worker1 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2030ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.304/0.370/0.460/0.065 ms
[root@worker2 ~]# ping -c 3 worker2
PING worker2 (192.168.98.49) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from worker2 (192.168.98.49): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.189 ms
64 bytes from worker2 (192.168.98.49): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.079 ms
64 bytes from worker2 (192.168.98.49): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.055 ms

--- worker2 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2038ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.055/0.107/0.189/0.058 ms

# 查看版本
docker run --rm swarm -v
swarm version 1.2.9 (527a849)
  • 镜像：
shell 复制代码 
[root@manager ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@manager ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  swarm_1.2.9.tar.gz
[root@manager ~]# docker load -i swarm_1.2.9.tar.gz
6104cec23b11: Loading layer  12.44MB/12.44MB
9c4e304108a9: Loading layer  281.1kB/281.1kB
a8731583ab53: Loading layer  2.048kB/2.048kB
Loaded image: swarm:1.2.9
[root@manager ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
swarm        1.2.9     1a5eb59a410f   4 years ago   12.7MB
[root@manager ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  swarm_1.2.9.tar.gz

# 远程传输至worker1和woker2
scp swarm_1.2.9.tar.gz [email protected]:~
[root@worker1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  swarm_1.2.9.tar.gz

创建集群

语法格式：

powershell 复制代码 
 docker swarm init --advertise <MANAGER-IP>	#manager主机的IP
  • manager
powershell 复制代码 
[root@manager ~]# docker swarm init --advertise-addr 192.168.98.47
# --advertise-addr 参数表示其它 swarm 中的 worker 节点使用此 ip 地址与 manager 联系
Swarm initialized: current node (bsicfg4mvo18a0tv0z17crtnh) is now a manager.

To add a worker to this swarm, run the following command:
						#token：：令牌（令牌不是永久有效的，有时效性）
    docker swarm join --token SWMTKN-1-2xidivy00h9ts8veuk602dqwwwuhvoerzgklk3tvwcin92wnm9-67wyr4mfs1vwsncmnsco6fmqb 192.168.98.47:2377
# 将这个命令在 worker 主机上执行
To add a manager to this swarm, run 'docker swarm join-token manager' and follow the instructions.

# 查看节点状态（都是ready）
[root@manager ~]# docker node ls
ID                            HOSTNAME   STATUS    AVAILABILITY   MANAGER STATUS   ENGINE VERSION
bsicfg4mvo18a0tv0z17crtnh *   manager    Ready     Active         Leader           28.0.4
xtc6pax5faoobzqo341vf72rv     worker1    Ready     Active                          28.0.4
ik0tqz8axejwu82mmukwjo47m     worker2    Ready     Active                          28.0.4

#查看集群状态
docker info
#将节点强制驱除集群
docker swarm leave --force

[root@manager ~]# docker service ls
ID        NAME      MODE      REPLICAS   IMAGE     PORTS
[root@manager ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

#查看节点信息

docker node ls

#查看集群状态

docker info

#将节点强制驱除集群

docker swarm leave --force

添加工作节点到集群

创建了一个集群与管理器节点，就可以添加工作节点

  • 添加工作节点 worker1
powershell 复制代码 
[root@worker1 ~]# docker swarm join --token SWMTKN-1-2xidivy00h9ts8veuk602dqwwwuhvoerzgklk3tvwcin92wnm9-67wyr4mfs1vwsncmnsco6fmqb 192.168.98.47:2377
This node joined a swarm as a worker.
  • 添加工作节点 worker2
powershell 复制代码 
[root@worker2 ~]# docker swarm join --token SWMTKN-1-2xidivy00h9ts8veuk602dqwwwuhvoerzgklk3tvwcin92wnm9-67wyr4mfs1vwsncmnsco6fmqb 192.168.98.47:2377
This node joined a swarm as a worker.
  • 如果忘记了 token 的值 ，在管理节点 192.168.98.47(manager)主机上执行：
    （令牌不是永久有效的，有时效性）
powershell 复制代码 
# 在管理者节点上写
[root@manager ~]# docker swarm join-token worker
To add a worker to this swarm, run the following command:

    docker swarm join --token SWMTKN-1-2xidivy00h9ts8veuk602dqwwwuhvoerzgklk3tvwcin92wnm9-67wyr4mfs1vwsncmnsco6fmqb 192.168.98.47:2377

发布服务到集群

shell 复制代码 
# 查看节点状态（都是ready）
[root@manager ~]# docker node ls
ID                            HOSTNAME   STATUS    AVAILABILITY   MANAGER STATUS   ENGINE VERSION
bsicfg4mvo18a0tv0z17crtnh *   manager    Ready     Active         Leader           28.0.4
xtc6pax5faoobzqo341vf72rv     worker1    Ready     Active                          28.0.4
ik0tqz8axejwu82mmukwjo47m     worker2    Ready     Active                          28.0.4
  • manager
shell 复制代码 
# docker服务创建 ，--replicas 1：副本数量

# 在管理节点 192.168.98.47(manager)主机上执行：			#容器名称			#容器镜像名称
[root@manager ~]# docker service create --replicas 1 --name nginx2 -p 80:80 nginx:1.27.4

#创建一个容器作为服务，名称叫做nginx2（类似docker run），如果没有nginx:1.27.4这个文件就会自动去拉取

没有自动拉取就执行以下指令（三台主机都要拉取nginx_1.27.4）

shell 复制代码 
[root@manager ~]# docker load -i nginx_1.27.4.tar.gz 
7914c8f600f5: Loading layer  77.83MB/77.83MB
9574fd0ae014: Loading layer  118.3MB/118.3MB
17129ef2de1a: Loading layer  3.584kB/3.584kB
320c70dd6b6b: Loading layer  4.608kB/4.608kB
2ef6413cdcb5: Loading layer   2.56kB/2.56kB
d6266720b0a6: Loading layer   5.12kB/5.12kB
1fb7f1e96249: Loading layer  7.168kB/7.168kB
Loaded image: nginx:1.27.4
[root@manager ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
nginx        1.27.4    97662d24417b   2 months ago   192MB
swarm        1.2.9     1a5eb59a410f   4 years ago    12.7MB
[root@manager ~]# docker service ls
ID             NAME      MODE         REPLICAS   IMAGE          PORTS
o9atmzaj9on8   nginx2    replicated   1/1        nginx:1.27.4   *:80->80/tcp

[root@manager ~]# docker service create --replicas 1 --name nginx2 -p 80:80 nginx:1.27.4
z0j2olxqwrlpm84uho1w1m20p
overall progress: 1 out of 1 tasks 
1/1: running   
verify: Service z0j2olxqwrlpm84uho1w1m20p converged 

scp root@managere:~/nginx 1.27.4.tar.gz
scp [email protected]:~/nginx 1.27.4.tar.gz
shell 复制代码 
# --pretty：打印得好看一点
[root@manager ~]# docker service inspect --pretty nginx2

ID:		o9atmzaj9on8tf9ffmp8k7bun	#容器ID
Name:		nginx2		#容器名称
Service Mode:	Replicated		#模式：Replicated
 Replicas:	1	#副本数
Placement:
UpdateConfig:
 Parallelism:	1	#限制（变形的方式有一个）
 On failure:	pause
 Monitoring Period: 5s
 Max failure ratio: 0
 Update order:      stop-first
RollbackConfig:
 Parallelism:	1
 On failure:	pause
 Monitoring Period: 5s
 Max failure ratio: 0
 Rollback order:    stop-first
ContainerSpec:		#镜像的名称：nginx:1.27.4
 Image:			nginx:1.27.4@sha256:09369da6b10306312cd908661320086bf87fbae1b6b0c49a1f50ba531fef2eab
 Init:		false
Resources:
Endpoint Mode:	vip
Ports:
 PublishedPort = 80
  Protocol = tcp
  TargetPort = 80
  PublishMode = ingress
  
[root@manager ~]# docker service ps nginx2 
ID             NAME       IMAGE          NODE      DESIRED STATE   CURRENT STATE           ERROR     PORTS
id3xjfro1bdl   nginx2.1   nginx:1.27.4   manager   Running         Running 5 minutes ago
#	 ID			名称			镜像			在哪个节点上	是否在运行		运行时间

扩展一个或多个服务

shell 复制代码 
# scale：伸缩
[root@manager ~]# docker service scale nginx2=5
nginx2 scaled to 5
overall progress: 5 out of 5 tasks 
1/5: running   
2/5: running   
3/5: running   
4/5: running   
5/5: running   
verify: Service nginx2 converged 

[root@manager ~]# docker service ps nginx2
ID             NAME       IMAGE          NODE      DESIRED STATE   CURRENT STATE           ERROR     PORTS
rbmlfw6oiyot   nginx2.1   nginx:1.27.4   worker1   Running         Running 9 minutes ago             
uvko24qqf1ps   nginx2.2   nginx:1.27.4   manager   Running         Running 2 minutes ago             
kwjys4eldv2d   nginx2.3   nginx:1.27.4   manager   Running         Running 2 minutes ago             
onnmzewg4ou4   nginx2.4   nginx:1.27.4   worker2   Running         Running 2 minutes ago             
v0we91sbj7p5   nginx2.5   nginx:1.27.4   worker1   Running         Running 2 minutes ago             

[root@manager ~]# docker service scale nginx2=1
nginx2 scaled to 1
overall progress: 1 out of 1 tasks 
1/1: running   
verify: Service nginx2 converged 
[root@manager ~]# docker service ls
ID             NAME      MODE         REPLICAS   IMAGE          PORTS  
z0j2olxqwrlp   nginx2    replicated   1/1        nginx:1.27.4   *:80->80/tcp
[root@manager ~]# docker service scale nginx2=3
nginx2 scaled to 3
overall progress: 3 out of 3 tasks 
1/3: running   [==================================================>] 
2/3: running   [==================================================>] 
3/3: running   [==================================================>] 
verify: Service nginx2 converged 
[root@manager ~]# docker service ls
ID             NAME      MODE         REPLICAS   IMAGE          PORTS
o9atmzaj9on8   nginx2    replicated   3/3        nginx:1.27.4   *:80->80/tcp
[root@manager ~]# docker service ps nginx2 
ID             NAME       IMAGE          NODE      DESIRED STATE   CURRENT STATE            ERROR     PORTS
id3xjfro1bdl   nginx2.1   nginx:1.27.4   manager   Running         Running 15 minutes ago             
hx7sqjr88ac8   nginx2.2   nginx:1.27.4   worker2   Running         Running 2 minutes ago              
p7x2lyo6vdk8   nginx2.5   nginx:1.27.4   worker1   Running         Running 2 minutes ago
  • 更新服务：
shell 复制代码 
[root@manager ~]# docker service update --publish-rm 80:80 --publish-add 88:80 nginx2
nginx2
overall progress: 3 out of 3 tasks 
1/3: running   [==================================================>] 
2/3: running   [==================================================>] 
3/3: running   [==================================================>] 
verify: Service nginx2 converged 
[root@manager ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
78adf323559b   nginx:1.27.4   "/docker-entrypoint...."   20 seconds ago   Up 17 seconds   80/tcp    nginx2.1.ds6dy33b6m62kzajs9frvdw4g
[root@manager ~]# docker service ps nginx2 
ID             NAME           IMAGE          NODE      DESIRED STATE   CURRENT STATE             ERROR     PORTS
ds6dy33b6m62   nginx2.1       nginx:1.27.4   manager   Running         Running 19 seconds ago              
id3xjfro1bdl    \_ nginx2.1   nginx:1.27.4   manager   Shutdown        Shutdown 20 seconds ago             
rpnodskwk4f7   nginx2.2       nginx:1.27.4   worker2   Running         Running 23 seconds ago              
hx7sqjr88ac8    \_ nginx2.2   nginx:1.27.4   worker2   Shutdown        Shutdown 24 seconds ago             
shdko7kq7vvw   nginx2.5       nginx:1.27.4   worker1   Running         Running 16 seconds ago              
p7x2lyo6vdk8    \_ nginx2.5   nginx:1.27.4   worker1   Shutdown        Shutdown 16 seconds ago             
[root@manager ~]# docker service ls
ID             NAME      MODE         REPLICAS   IMAGE          PORTS
o9atmzaj9on8   nginx2    replicated   3/3        nginx:1.27.4   *:88->80/tcp
  • worker1
shell 复制代码 
[root@worker1 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS     NAMES
21c117b44558   nginx:1.27.4   "/docker-entrypoint...."   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   80/tcp    nginx2.5.shdko7kq7vvwqsmzgtm5790s2
  • worker2
shell 复制代码 
[root@worker2 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS     NAMES
a761908c5f2d   nginx:1.27.4   "/docker-entrypoint...."   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   80/tcp    nginx2.2.rpnodskwk4f79yxpf0tctb5n8

从集群中删除服务

shell 复制代码 
[root@manager ~]# docker service rm nginx2
nginx2
[root@manager ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@manager ~]# docker service ls
ID        NAME      MODE      REPLICAS   IMAGE     PORTS
shell 复制代码 
[root@worker1 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
shell 复制代码 
[root@worker2 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

ssh免密登录

  • ssh-keygen
  • ssh-copy-id root@worker1
  • ssh-copy-id root@worker2
  • ssh worker1
  • exit
shell 复制代码 
[root@manager ~]# ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 	#回车
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):  	#回车
Enter same passphrase again:  	#回车
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:6/aBJGgBhXrJ5l541rWVPguq1ao5QLDqe6LfztIxBAw root@manager
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
|Eo.o.            |
|. +.             |
| = o.      .     |
|o * .o  . o      |
|.= oo...S+       |
|. +.* .+ooo      |
|.. * o..+..o     |
| oo+oo.o. ..     |
|oo=oB+.....      |
+----[SHA256]-----+

[root@manager ~]# ssh-copy-id root@worker1
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@worker1's password: 

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@worker1'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[root@manager ~]# ssh-copy-id root@worker2
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'worker2 (192.168.98.49)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:I3/lsrnTEnXOE3LFvTLRUXAJ+AhSVrIEWtqTnleRz9w.
This host key is known by the following other names/addresses:
    ~/.ssh/known_hosts:1: manager
    ~/.ssh/known_hosts:4: worker1
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@worker2's password: 

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@worker2'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[root@manager ~]# ssh worker1
Register this system with Red Hat Insights: rhc connect

Example:
# rhc connect --activation-key <key> --organization <org>

The rhc client and Red Hat Insights will enable analytics and additional
management capabilities on your system.
View your connected systems at https://console.redhat.com/insights

You can learn more about how to register your system 
using rhc at https://red.ht/registration
Last login: Thu May  8 16:36:42 2025 from 192.168.98.1
[root@worker1 ~]# exit
logout
Connection to worker1 closed.

二、Docker Compose

拉取 docker-compose-linux-x86_64 文件

  • 创建 docker-compose.yaml 文件
shell 复制代码 
[root@docker ~]# mv docker-compose-linux-x86_64 /usr/bin/docker-compose
[root@docker ~]# ll
total 4
-rw-------. 1 root root 989 Feb 27 16:19 anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@docker ~]# chmod +x /usr/bin/docker-compose 
[root@docker ~]# ll /usr/bin/docker-compose 
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 73699264 May 10 09:55 /usr/bin/docker-compose
[root@docker ~]# docker-compose --version
Docker Compose version v2.35.1
[root@docker ~]# vim docker-compose.yaml
[root@docker ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  docker-compose.yaml
  • 复制会话，创建需要的宿主机目录
shell 复制代码 
[root@docker ~]# mkdir -p /opt/{nginx,mysql,redis}
[root@docker ~]# mkdir /opt/nginx/{conf,html}
[root@docker ~]# mkdir /opt/mysql/data
[root@docker ~]# mkdir /opt/redis/data
[root@docker ~]# tree /opt
  • 执行
shell 复制代码 
[root@docker ~]# docker-compose up -d
WARN[0000] /root/docker-compose.yaml: the attribute `version` is obsolete, it will be ignored, please remove it to avoid potential confusion 
[+] Running 26/26
 ? mysql Pulled                                                                                                      91.7s 
   ? c2eb5d06bfea Pull complete                                                                                      16.4s 
   ? ba361f0ba5e7 Pull complete                                                                                      16.4s 
   ? 0e83af98b000 Pull complete                                                                                      16.4s 
   ? 770e931107be Pull complete                                                                                      16.6s 
   ? a2be1b721112 Pull complete                                                                                      16.6s 
   ? 68c594672ed3 Pull complete                                                                                      16.6s 
   ? cfd201189145 Pull complete                                                                                      55.2s 
   ? e9f009c5b388 Pull complete                                                                                      55.3s 
   ? 61a291920391 Pull complete                                                                                      87.0s 
   ? c8604ede059a Pull complete                                                                                      87.0s 
 ? redis Pulled                                                                                                      71.0s 
   ? cd07ede39ddc Pull complete                                                                                      40.5s 
   ? 63df650ee4e0 Pull complete                                                                                      43.1s 
   ? c175c1c9487d Pull complete                                                                                      55.0s 
   ? 91cf9601b872 Pull complete                                                                                      55.0s 
   ? 4f4fb700ef54 Pull complete                                                                                      55.0s 
   ? c70d7dc4bd70 Pull complete                                                                                      55.0s 
 ? nginx Pulled                                                                                                      53.6s 
   ? 254e724d7786 Pull complete                                                                                      20.5s 
   ? 913115292750 Pull complete                                                                                      31.3s 
   ? 3e544d53ce49 Pull complete                                                                                      32.7s 
   ? 4f21ed9ac0c0 Pull complete                                                                                      36.7s 
   ? d38f2ef2d6f2 Pull complete                                                                                      39.7s 
   ? 40a6e9f4e456 Pull complete                                                                                      42.7s 
   ? d3dc5ec71e9d Pull complete                                                                                      45.3s 
[+] Running 3/4
 ? Network root_default  Created                                                                                      0.0s 
 ? Container mysql       Starting                                                                                     0.3s 
 ? Container redis       Started                                                                                      0.3s 
 ? Container nginx       Started                                                                                      0.3s 
Error response from daemon: failed to create task for container: failed to create shim task: OCI runtime create failed: runc create failed: unable to start container process: error during container init: error mounting "/opt/mysql/my.cnf" to rootfs at "/etc/my.cnf": create mountpoint for /etc/my.cnf mount: cannot create subdirectories in "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1a5867fcf9c1f650da4bc51387cbd7621f1464eb2a1ce8d90f90f43733b34602/merged/etc/my.cnf": not a directory: unknown: Are you trying to mount a directory onto a file (or vice-versa)? Check if the specified host path exists and is the expected type
[root@docker ~]# vim docker-compose.yaml
[root@docker ~]# cat docker-compose.yaml 
version: "3.9"
services: 
  nginx:
    image: nginx:1.27.5
    container_name: nginx
    ports:
      - 80:80
    volumes:
      - /opt/nginx/conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d
      - /opt/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html
  mysql:
    image: mysql:9.3.0
    container_name: mysql
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 3306:3306
    volumes:
      - /opt/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql
        #- /opt/mysql/my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf
    command:
      - character-set-server=utf8mb4
      - collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
  redis:
    image: redis:8.0.0
    container_name: redis
    ports:
      - 6379:6379
    volumes:
      - /opt/redis/data:/data

[root@docker ~]# docker-compose up -d
WARN[0000] /root/docker-compose.yaml: the attribute `version` is obsolete, it will be ignored, please remove it to avoid potential confusion 
[+] Running 3/3
 ? Container redis  Running                                                                                           0.0s 
 ? Container mysql  Started                                                                                           0.2s 
 ? Container nginx  Running 
[root@docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
redis        8.0.0     d62dbaef1b81   5 days ago    128MB
nginx        1.27.5    a830707172e8   3 weeks ago   192MB
mysql        9.3.0     2c849dee4ca9   3 weeks ago   859MB
[root@docker ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                           PORTS                                         NAMES
4390422bf4b1   mysql:9.3.0    "docker-entrypoint.s..."   About a minute ago   Restarting (127) 7 seconds ago                                                 mysql
18713204332c   nginx:1.27.5   "/docker-entrypoint...."   2 minutes ago        Up 2 minutes                     0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, [::]:80->80/tcp           nginx
be2489a46e42   redis:8.0.0    "docker-entrypoint.s..."   2 minutes ago        Up 2 minutes                     0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp, [::]:6379->6379/tcp   redis
  • 访问
shell 复制代码 
[root@docker ~]# curl localhost
curl: (56) Recv failure: Connection reset by peer
[root@docker ~]# echo "index.html" > /opt/nginx/html/index.html
[root@docker ~]# curl http://192.168.98.149
curl: (7) Failed to connect to 192.168.98.149 port 80: Connection refused

[root@docker ~]# cd /opt/nginx/conf/
[root@docker conf]# ls
[root@docker conf]# vim web.conf
[root@docker conf]# cat web.conf 
server {
	listen	80;
	server_name	192.168.98.149;
	root		/opt/nginx/html;
}

[root@docker conf]# curl http://192.168.98.149
<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.27.5</center>
</body>
</html>

[root@docker conf]# vim web.conf
[root@docker conf]# cat web.conf 
server {
	listen	80;
	server_name	192.168.98.149;
	root		/usr/share/nginx/html;
}
[root@docker conf]# docker restart nginx
nginx
[root@docker conf]# curl http://192.168.98.149
index.html
  • 必须在有 docker-compose.yaml 文件下的路径执行
powershell 复制代码 
[root@docker ~]# docker-compose ps
WARN[0000] /root/docker-compose.yaml: the attribute `version` is obsolete, it will be ignored, please remove it to avoid potential confusion 
NAME      IMAGE          COMMAND                  SERVICE   CREATED          STATUS                            PORTS
mysql     mysql:9.3.0    "docker-entrypoint.s..."   mysql     21 minutes ago   Restarting (127) 52 seconds ago   
nginx     nginx:1.27.5   "/docker-entrypoint...."   nginx     23 minutes ago   Up 11 minutes                     0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, [::]:80->80/tcp
redis     redis:8.0.0    "docker-entrypoint.s..."   redis     23 minutes ago   Up 23 minutes                     0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp, [::]:6379->6379/tcp
  • 解决警告：删除 docker-compose.yaml 文件第一行的 version: "3.9"
shell 复制代码 
[root@docker ~]# vim docker-compose.yaml 
[root@docker ~]# cat docker-compose.yaml 
services: 
  nginx:
    image: nginx:1.27.5
    container_name: nginx
    ports:
      - 80:80
    volumes:
      - /opt/nginx/conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d
      - /opt/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html
  mysql:
    image: mysql:9.3.0
    container_name: mysql
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 3306:3306
    volumes:
      - /opt/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql
        #- /opt/mysql/my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf
    command:
      - character-set-server=utf8mb4
      - collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
  redis:
    image: redis:8.0.0
    container_name: redis
    ports:
      - 6379:6379
    volumes:
      - /opt/redis/data:/data
[root@docker ~]# docker-compose ps
NAME      IMAGE          COMMAND                  SERVICE   CREATED          STATUS                           PORTS
mysql     mysql:9.3.0    "docker-entrypoint.s..."   mysql     24 minutes ago   Restarting (127) 3 seconds ago   
nginx     nginx:1.27.5   "/docker-entrypoint...."   nginx     26 minutes ago   Up 41 seconds                    0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, [::]:80->80/tcp
redis     redis:8.0.0    "docker-entrypoint.s..."   redis     26 minutes ago   Up 26 minutes                    0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp, [::]:6379->6379/tcp
shell 复制代码 
[root@docker ~]# mkdir composetest
[root@docker ~]# cd composetest/
[root@docker composetest]# ls
[root@docker composetest]# vim app.py
[root@docker composetest]# cat app.py 
import time
 
import redis
from flask import Flask

app = Flask(__name__)
cache = redis.Redis(host='redis', port=6379)

def get_hit_count():
    retries = 5
    while True:
        try:
            return cache.incr('hits')
        except redis.exceptions.ConnectionError as exc:
            if retries == 0:
                raise exc
            retries -= 1
            time.sleep(0.5)

@app.route('/')
def hello():
    count = get_hit_count()
    return 'Hello World! I have been seen {} times.\n'.format(count)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(host="0.0.0.0", debug=True)

[root@docker composetest]# pip freeze > requirements.txt
[root@docker composetest]# cat requirements.txt 
flask
redis
shell 复制代码 
[root@docker yum.repos.d]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
mount: /mnt: WARNING: source write-protected, mounted read-only.
[root@docker yum.repos.d]# dnf install pip -y
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

BaseOS                                                                                     2.7 MB/s | 2.7 kB     00:00    
AppStream                                                                                  510 kB/s | 3.2 kB     00:00    
Docker CE Stable - x86_64                                                                  4.2 kB/s | 3.5 kB     00:00    
Docker CE Stable - x86_64                                                                   31  B/s |  55  B     00:01    
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'docker-ce-stable':
  - Curl error (35): SSL connect error for https://download.docker.com/linux/rhel/9/x86_64/stable/repodata/e0bf6fe4688b6f32c32f16998b1da1027a1ebfcec723b7c6c09e032effdb248a-primary.xml.gz [OpenSSL SSL_connect: Connection reset by peer in connection to download.docker.com:443 ]
  - Curl error (35): SSL connect error for https://download.docker.com/linux/rhel/9/x86_64/stable/repodata/65c4f66e2808d328890505c3c2f13bb35a96f457d1c21a6346191c4dc07e6080-updateinfo.xml.gz [OpenSSL SSL_connect: Connection reset by peer in connection to download.docker.com:443 ]
  - Curl error (35): SSL connect error for https://download.docker.com/linux/rhel/9/x86_64/stable/repodata/2fb592ad5a8fa5136a1d5992ce0a70f344c84f1601f0792d9573f8c5de73dffa-filelists.xml.gz [OpenSSL SSL_connect: Connection reset by peer in connection to download.docker.com:443 ]
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'docker-ce-stable': Yum repo downloading error: Downloading error(s): repodata/e0bf6fe4688b6f32c32f16998b1da1027a1ebfcec723b7c6c09e032effdb248a-primary.xml.gz - Cannot download, all mirrors were already tried without success; repodata/2fb592ad5a8fa5136a1d5992ce0a70f344c84f1601f0792d9573f8c5de73dffa-filelists.xml.gz - Cannot download, all mirrors were already tried without success
[root@docker yum.repos.d]# dnf install pip -y
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.

Docker CE Stable - x86_64                                                                  4.5 kB/s | 3.5 kB     00:00    
Docker CE Stable - x86_64                                                                   
......                                                                                     

Complete!
shell 复制代码 
[root@docker ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  composetest  docker-compose.yaml
[root@docker ~]# docker-compose  down
[+] Running 4/4
 ✔ Container redis       Removed                                                                                      0.1s 
 ✔ Container nginx       Removed                                                                                      0.1s 
 ✔ Container mysql       Removed                                                                                      0.0s 
 ✔ Network root_default  Removed                                                                                      0.1s 
[root@docker ~]# docker-compose ps
NAME      IMAGE     COMMAND   SERVICE   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS
[root@docker ~]# cd composetest/
[root@docker composetest]# ls
[root@docker composetest]# vim Dockerfile
[root@docker composetest]# vim docker-compose.yaml
[root@docker composetest]# cat Dockerfile
FROM python:3.12-alpine
ADD . /code
WORKDIR /code
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
CMD ["python", "app.py"]
[root@docker composetest]# cat docker-compose.yaml
services:
  web:
    build: .
    ports:
      - 5000:5000
  redis:
    image: redis:alpine

# 复制会话，访问
[root@docker composetest]# curl http://192.168.98.149:5000
Hello World! I have been seen 1 times.
  • 执行命令启动，复制会话访问成功后 exit 退出
shell 复制代码 
[root@docker composetest]# docker-compose up
Compose can now delegate builds to bake for better performance.
 To do so, set COMPOSE_BAKE=true.
[+] Building 50.1s (10/10) FINISHED                                                                         docker:default
 => [web internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                              0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 208B                                                                                  0.0s
 => [web internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/python:3.12-alpine                                             3.6s
 => [web internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                 0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                       0.0s
 => [web internal] load build context                                                                                 0.0s
 => => transferring context: 392B                                                                                     0.0s
 => [web 1/4] FROM docker.io/library/python:3.12-alpine@sha256:a664b68d141849d28fd0992b9aa88b4eab7a21d258e2e7ddb9d1b  6.9s
 => => resolve docker.io/library/python:3.12-alpine@sha256:a664b68d141849d28fd0992b9aa88b4eab7a21d258e2e7ddb9d1b59fe  0.0s
 => => sha256:d96ff845ea26c45b2499dfa5fb9ef5b354ba49ee6025d35c4ba81403072c10ad 252B / 252B                            5.2s
 => => sha256:a664b68d141849d28fd0992b9aa88b4eab7a21d258e2e7ddb9d1b59fe07535a5 9.03kB / 9.03kB                        0.0s
 => => sha256:b18b7c0ecd765d0608e439663196f2cfe4b572dccfffe1490530f7398df4b271 1.74kB / 1.74kB                        0.0s
 => => sha256:81ce3817028c37c988e38333dd7283eab7662ce7dd43b5f019f86038c71f75ba 5.33kB / 5.33kB                        0.0s
 => => sha256:d39e98ccbc35a301f215a15d73fd647ad7044124c3835da293d82cbb765cab03 460.20kB / 460.20kB                    2.2s
 => => sha256:a597717b83500ddd11c9b9eddc7094663b2a376c4c5cb0078b433e11a82e70d0 13.66MB / 13.66MB                      6.2s
 => => extracting sha256:d39e98ccbc35a301f215a15d73fd647ad7044124c3835da293d82cbb765cab03                             0.1s
 => => extracting sha256:a597717b83500ddd11c9b9eddc7094663b2a376c4c5cb0078b433e11a82e70d0                             0.6s
 => => extracting sha256:d96ff845ea26c45b2499dfa5fb9ef5b354ba49ee6025d35c4ba81403072c10ad                             0.0s
 => [web 2/4] ADD . /code                                                                                             0.1s
 => [web 3/4] WORKDIR /code                                                                                           0.0s
 => [web 4/4] RUN pip install -r requirements.txt                                                                    39.3s
 => [web] exporting to image                                                                                          0.1s
 => => exporting layers                                                                                               0.1s
 => => writing image sha256:32303d47b57e0c674340d90a76bb82776024626e64d95e04e0ff5d7e893caa80                          0.0s 
 => => naming to docker.io/library/composetest-web                                                                    0.0s 
 => [web] resolving provenance for metadata file                                                                      0.0s 
[+] Running 4/4                                                                                                            
 ✔ web                            Built                                                                               0.0s 
 ✔ Network composetest_default    Created                                                                             0.0s 
 ✔ Container composetest-redis-1  Created                                                                             0.0s 
 ✔ Container composetest-web-1    Created                                                                             0.0s 
Attaching to redis-1, web-1
redis-1  | Starting Redis Server
redis-1  | 1:C 10 May 2025 08:28:20.677 # WARNING Memory overcommit must be enabled! Without it, a background save or replication may fail under low memory condition. Being disabled, it can also cause failures without low memory condition, see https://github.com/jemalloc/jemalloc/issues/1328. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
redis-1  | 1:C 10 May 2025 08:28:20.680 * oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
redis-1  | 1:C 10 May 2025 08:28:20.680 * Redis version=8.0.0, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=1, pid=1, just started
redis-1  | 1:C 10 May 2025 08:28:20.680 * Configuration loaded
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.683 * monotonic clock: POSIX clock_gettime
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.693 * Running mode=standalone, port=6379.
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.709 * <bf> RedisBloom version 7.99.90 (Git=unknown)
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.709 * <bf> Registering configuration options: [
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.709 * <bf> 	{ bf-error-rate       :      0.01 }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.709 * <bf> 	{ bf-initial-size     :       100 }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.709 * <bf> 	{ bf-expansion-factor :         2 }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.709 * <bf> 	{ cf-bucket-size      :         2 }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.709 * <bf> 	{ cf-initial-size     :      1024 }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.709 * <bf> 	{ cf-max-iterations   :        20 }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.709 * <bf> 	{ cf-expansion-factor :         1 }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.709 * <bf> 	{ cf-max-expansions   :        32 }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.709 * <bf> ]
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.709 * Module 'bf' loaded from /usr/local/lib/redis/modules//redisbloom.so
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.799 * <search> Redis version found by RedisSearch : 8.0.0 - oss
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.800 * <search> RediSearch version 8.0.0 (Git=HEAD-61787b7)
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.803 * <search> Low level api version 1 initialized successfully
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.808 * <search> gc: ON, prefix min length: 2, min word length to stem: 4, prefix max expansions: 200, query timeout (ms): 500, timeout policy: fail, cursor read size: 1000, cursor max idle (ms): 300000, max doctable size: 1000000, max number of search results:  1000000, 
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.810 * <search> Initialized thread pools!
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.810 * <search> Disabled workers threadpool of size 0
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.815 * <search> Subscribe to config changes
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.815 * <search> Enabled role change notification
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.815 * <search> Cluster configuration: AUTO partitions, type: 0, coordinator timeout: 0ms
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.816 * <search> Register write commands
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.816 * Module 'search' loaded from /usr/local/lib/redis/modules//redisearch.so
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.828 * <timeseries> RedisTimeSeries version 79991, git_sha=de1ad5089c15c42355806bbf51a0d0cf36f223f6
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.828 * <timeseries> Redis version found by RedisTimeSeries : 8.0.0 - oss
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.828 * <timeseries> Registering configuration options: [
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.828 * <timeseries> 	{ ts-compaction-policy   :              }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.828 * <timeseries> 	{ ts-num-threads         :            3 }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.828 * <timeseries> 	{ ts-retention-policy    :            0 }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.828 * <timeseries> 	{ ts-duplicate-policy    :        block }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.828 * <timeseries> 	{ ts-chunk-size-bytes    :         4096 }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.828 * <timeseries> 	{ ts-encoding            :   compressed }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.828 * <timeseries> 	{ ts-ignore-max-time-diff:            0 }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.829 * <timeseries> 	{ ts-ignore-max-val-diff :     0.000000 }
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.829 * <timeseries> ]
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.833 * <timeseries> Detected redis oss
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.837 * Module 'timeseries' loaded from /usr/local/lib/redis/modules//redistimeseries.so
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.886 * <ReJSON> Created new data type 'ReJSON-RL'
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.900 * <ReJSON> version: 79990 git sha: unknown branch: unknown
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.900 * <ReJSON> Exported RedisJSON_V1 API
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.900 * <ReJSON> Exported RedisJSON_V2 API
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.900 * <ReJSON> Exported RedisJSON_V3 API
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.900 * <ReJSON> Exported RedisJSON_V4 API
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.900 * <ReJSON> Exported RedisJSON_V5 API
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.900 * <ReJSON> Enabled diskless replication
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.904 * <ReJSON> Initialized shared string cache, thread safe: false.
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.904 * Module 'ReJSON' loaded from /usr/local/lib/redis/modules//rejson.so
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.904 * <search> Acquired RedisJSON_V5 API
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.907 * Server initialized
redis-1  | 1:M 10 May 2025 08:28:20.910 * Ready to accept connections tcp
web-1    |  * Serving Flask app 'app'
web-1    |  * Debug mode: on
web-1    | WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment. Use a production WSGI server instead.
web-1    |  * Running on all addresses (0.0.0.0)
web-1    |  * Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000
web-1    |  * Running on http://172.18.0.3:5000
web-1    | Press CTRL+C to quit
web-1    |  * Restarting with stat
web-1    |  * Debugger is active!
web-1    |  * Debugger PIN: 102-900-685
web-1    | 192.168.98.149 - - [10/May/2025 08:31:06] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 -


w Enable Watch


shell 复制代码 
failed to solve: process "/bin/sh -c pip install -r requirements.txt" did not complete successfully: exit code: 1

[root@docker composetest]# 
[root@docker composetest]# pip install --upgrade pip
Requirement already satisfied: pip in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (21.3.1)

与 Swarm 一起使用 Compose

使用 docker service create 一次只能部署一个服务，使用 docker-compose.yml 我们可以一次启动多个关联的服务。

shell 复制代码 
[root@docker ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  composetest  docker-compose.yaml
[root@docker ~]# mkdir dcswarm
[root@docker ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  composetest  dcswarm  docker-compose.yaml

[root@docker ~]# cd dcswarm/
[root@docker dcswarm]# vim docker-compose.yaml
[root@docker dcswarm]# cat docker-compose.yaml
services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx:1.27.5
    ports:
      - 80:80
      - 443:443
    volumes:
      - /opt/nginx/conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d
      - /opt/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html
    deploy:
      mode: replicated
      replicas: 2
  mysql:
    image: mysql:9.3.0
    ports:
      - 3306:3306
    command:
      - character-set-server=utf8mb4
      - collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: "123456"
    volumes:
      - /opt/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql
    deploy:
      mode: replicated
      replicas: 2

[root@docker dcswarm]# docker stack deploy -c docker-compose.yaml web

docker swarm init

docker swarm join --token
shell 复制代码 
[root@docker ~]# scp dcswarm/* [email protected]:~
[email protected]'s password: 
docker-compose.yaml     

[root@manager ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  docker-compose.yaml  nginx_1.27.4.tar.gz  swarm_1.2.9.tar.gz
[root@manager ~]# mkdir dcswarm
[root@manager ~]# mv docker-compose.yaml dcswarm/
[root@manager ~]# cd dcswarm/
[root@manager dcswarm]# ls
docker-compose.yaml
[root@manager dcswarm]# docker stack deploy -c docker-compose.yaml web
Since --detach=false was not specified, tasks will be created in the background.
In a future release, --detach=false will become the default.
Creating network web_default
Creating service web_mysql
Creating service web_nginx
shell 复制代码

三、配置私有仓库（Harbor）

3.1 环境准备

Harbor(港湾)，是一个用于 存储 和 分发 Docker 镜像的企业级 Registry 服务器。

  1. 修改主机名、IP地址
  2. 开启路由转发/etc/sysctl.conf
    net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
  3. 配置主机映射/etc/hosts
shell 复制代码 
# 修改主机名、IP地址
[root@docker ~]# hostnamectl hostname harbor
[root@docker ~]# ip ad
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:f5:e5:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp3s0
    inet 192.168.86.132/24 brd 192.168.86.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft 1672sec preferred_lft 1672sec
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fef5:e524/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens224: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:f5:e5:2e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp19s0
    inet 192.168.98.159/24 brd 192.168.98.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens224
       valid_lft 1672sec preferred_lft 1672sec
    inet6 fe80::fd7d:606d:1a1b:d3cc/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default 
    link/ether ae:a7:3e:3a:39:bb brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@docker ~]# nmcli c show 
NAME                UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE  
Wired connection 1  110c742f-bd12-3ba3-b671-1972a75aa2e6  ethernet  ens224  
ens160              d622d6da-1540-371d-8def-acd3db9bd38d  ethernet  ens160  
lo                  d20cef01-6249-4012-908c-f775efe44118  loopback  lo      
docker0             b023990a-e131-4a68-828c-710158f77a50  bridge    docker0 
[root@docker ~]# nmcli c m "Wired connection 1" connection.id ens224
[root@docker ~]# nmcli c show 
NAME     UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE  
ens224   110c742f-bd12-3ba3-b671-1972a75aa2e6  ethernet  ens224  
ens160   d622d6da-1540-371d-8def-acd3db9bd38d  ethernet  ens160  
lo       d20cef01-6249-4012-908c-f775efe44118  loopback  lo      
docker0  b023990a-e131-4a68-828c-710158f77a50  bridge    docker0 
[root@docker ~]# nmcli c m ens224 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.98.20/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.98.2 ipv4.dns 223.5.5.5 connection.autoconnect yes
[root@docker ~]# nmcli c up ens224 
[root@harbor ~]# nmcli c m ens160 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.86.20/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.86.200 ipv4.dns "223.5.5.5 8.8.8.8" connection.autoconnect yes
[root@harbor ~]# nmcli c up ens160 
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/6)
[root@harbor ~]# ip ad
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:f5:e5:24 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp3s0
    inet 192.168.86.20/24 brd 192.168.86.255 scope global noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fef5:e524/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens224: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:f5:e5:2e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp19s0
    inet 192.168.98.20/24 brd 192.168.98.255 scope global noprefixroute ens224
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::fd7d:606d:1a1b:d3cc/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default 
    link/ether ae:a7:3e:3a:39:bb brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# 开启路由转发
[root@harbor ~]# echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf 
[root@harbor ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
# 配置主机映射
[root@harbor ~]# vim /etc/hosts
[root@harbor ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.86.11 k8s-master01 m1
192.168.86.12 k8s-node01 n1
192.168.86.13 k8s-node02 n2
192.168.86.20 harbor.registry.com harbor

3.2 安装 Docker

  1. 添加 Docker 源
  2. 安装 Docker
  3. 配置 Docker
  4. 启动 Docker
  5. 验证 Docker
shell 复制代码 
[root@harbor ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
[root@harbor ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
        "default-ipc-mode": "shareable",	#ipc模式打开
        "data-root": "/data/docker",		#指定docker数据放在哪个目录
        "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],	#指定cgroup的驱动方式是systemd
        "log-driver": "json-file",	#格式json
        "log-opts": {
                "max-size": "100m",
                "max-file": "50"
        },
        "insecure-registries": ["https://harbor.registry.com"],	#自己的仓库的地址（私有仓库）
        "registry-mirrors":[	#拉取镜像（公共仓库）
                "https://docker.m.daocloud.io",
                "https://docker.imgdb.de",
                "https://docker-0.unsee.tech",
                "https://docker.hlmirror.com",
                "https://docker.1ms.run",
                "https://func.ink",
                "https://lispy.org",
                "https://docker.xiaogenban1993.com"
        ]
}
[root@harbor ~]# mkdir -p /data/docker -p
[root@harbor ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@harbor ~]# ls /data/docker/
buildkit  containers  engine-id  image  network  overlay2  plugins  runtimes  swarm  tmp  volumes

3.3 安装 docker-compose

  1. 下载
  2. 安装
  3. 赋权
  4. 验证
shell 复制代码 
[root@harbor ~]# mv docker-compose-linux-x86_64 /usr/bin/docker-compose
[root@harbor ~]# chmod +x /usr/bin/do
docker                         dockerd                        dockerd-rootless.sh            domainname
docker-compose                 dockerd-rootless-setuptool.sh  docker-proxy                   
[root@harbor ~]# chmod +x /usr/bin/docker-compose 
[root@harbor ~]# docker-compose --version
Docker Compose version v2.35.1
[root@harbor ~]# cd /data/
[root@harbor data]# mv /root/harbor-offline-installer-v2.13.0.tgz .
[root@harbor data]# ls
docker  harbor-offline-installer-v2.13.0.tgz
[root@harbor data]# tar -xzf harbor-offline-installer-v2.13.0.tgz 
[root@harbor data]# ls
docker  harbor  harbor-offline-installer-v2.13.0.tgz
[root@harbor data]# rm -f *.tgz
[root@harbor data]# ls
docker  harbor
[root@harbor data]# cd harbor/
[root@harbor harbor]# ls
common.sh  harbor.v2.13.0.tar.gz  harbor.yml.tmpl  install.sh  LICENSE  prepare

3.4 准备 Harbor

  1. 下载 Harbor
  2. 解压文件

3.5 配置证书

  1. 生成 CA 证书
  2. 生成服务器证书
  3. 向 Harbor 和 Docker 提供证书

3.6 部署配置 Harbor

  1. 配置 Harbor
  2. 加载 harbor 镜像
  3. 检查安装环境
  4. 启动 Harbor
  5. 查看启动的容器

3.7 配置启动服务

  1. 停止 Harbor
  2. 编写服务文件
  3. 启动 Harbor 服务

3.8 定制本地仓库

  1. 配置映射
  2. 配置仓库

3.9 测试本地仓库

  1. 拉取镜像
  2. 镜像打标签
  3. 登录仓库
  4. 推送镜像
  5. 拉取镜像
shell 复制代码 
[root@harbor harbor]# mkdir ssl
[root@harbor harbor]# cd ssl
[root@harbor ssl]# openssl genrsa -out ca.key 4096
[root@harbor ssl]# ls
ca.key
[root@harbor ssl]# openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -sha512 -days 3650 \
 -subj "/C=CN/ST=Chongqing/L=Banan/O=example/OU=Personal/CN=MyPersonal Root CA" \
 -key ca.key \
 -out ca.crt
[root@harbor ssl]# ls
ca.crt  ca.key

[root@harbor ssl]# openssl genrsa -out harbor.registry.com.key 4096
[root@harbor ssl]# ls
ca.crt  ca.key  harbor.registry.com.key
[root@harbor ssl]# openssl req -sha512 -new \
    -subj "/C=CN/ST=Chongqing/L=Banan/O=example/OU=Personal/CN=harbor.registry.com" \
    -key harbor.registry.com.key \
    -out harbor.registry.com.csr
[root@harbor ssl]# ls
ca.crt  ca.key  harbor.registry.com.csr  harbor.registry.com.key

[root@harbor ssl]# cat > v3.ext <<-EOF
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer
basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
keyUsage = digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyEncipherment, dataEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth
subjectAltName = @alt_names

[alt_names]
DNS.1=harbor.registry.com
DNS.2=harbor.registry
DNS.3=harbor
EOF
[root@harbor ssl]# ls
ca.crt  ca.key  harbor.registry.com.csr  harbor.registry.com.key  v3.ext

[root@harbor ssl]# openssl x509 -req -sha512 -days 3650 \
    -extfile v3.ext \
    -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial \
    -in harbor.registry.com.csr \
    -out harbor.registry.com.crt
Certificate request self-signature ok
subject=C=CN, ST=Chongqing, L=Banan, O=example, OU=Personal, CN=harbor.registry.com
[root@harbor ssl]# ls
ca.crt  ca.key  ca.srl  harbor.registry.com.crt  harbor.registry.com.csr  harbor.registry.com.key  v3.ext
shell 复制代码 
[root@harbor ssl]# mkdir /data/cert
[root@harbor ssl]# cp harbor.registry.com.crt /data/cert/
cp harbor.registry.com.key /data/cert/
[root@harbor ssl]# ls /data/cert/
harbor.registry.com.crt  harbor.registry.com.key
[root@harbor ssl]# openssl x509 -inform PEM -in harbor.registry.com.crt -out harbor.registry.com.cert
[root@harbor ssl]# ls
ca.crt  ca.srl                    harbor.registry.com.crt  harbor.registry.com.key
ca.key  harbor.registry.com.cert  harbor.registry.com.csr  v3.ext

[root@harbor ssl]# mkdir -p /etc/docker/certs.d/harbor.registry.com:443
[root@harbor ssl]# cp harbor.registry.com.cert /etc/docker/certs.d/harbor.registry.com:443/
[root@harbor ssl]# cp harbor.registry.com.key /etc/docker/certs.d/harbor.registry.com:443/
[root@harbor ssl]# cp ca.crt /etc/docker/certs.d/harbor.registry.com:443/
[root@harbor ssl]# systemctl restart docker
[root@harbor ssl]# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Sun 2025-05-11 10:42:37 CST; 1min 25s ago
TriggeredBy: ● docker.socket
       Docs: https://docs.docker.com
   Main PID: 3322 (dockerd)
      Tasks: 10
     Memory: 29.7M
        CPU: 353ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
             └─3322 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock

May 11 10:42:36 harbor dockerd[3322]: time="2025-05-11T10:42:36.466441227+08:00" level=info msg="Creating a contai>
shell 复制代码 
[root@harbor ssl]# cd ..
[root@harbor harbor]# ls
common.sh  harbor.v2.13.0.tar.gz  harbor.yml.tmpl  install.sh  LICENSE  prepare  ssl
[root@harbor harbor]# cp harbor.yml.tmpl harbor.yml
[root@harbor harbor]# vim harbor.yml
[root@harbor harbor]# cat harbor.yml
# Configuration file of Harbor

# The IP address or hostname to access admin UI and registry service.
# DO NOT use localhost or 127.0.0.1, because Harbor needs to be accessed by external clients.
hostname: harbor.registry.com  #修改

# http related config
http:
  # port for http, default is 80. If https enabled, this port will redirect to https port
  port: 80

# https related config
https:
  # https port for harbor, default is 443
  port: 443
  # The path of cert and key files for nginx
  certificate: /data/cert/harbor.registry.com.crt  #修改
  private_key: /data/cert/harbor.registry.com.key  #修改
...............
[root@harbor harbor]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID   CREATED   SIZE
[root@harbor harbor]# docker load -i harbor.v2.13.0.tar.gz 
874b37071853: Loading layer [==================================================>]  
........
832349ff3d50: Loading layer [==================================================>]  38.95MB/38.95MB
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-exporter:v2.13.0
[root@harbor harbor]# docker images
REPOSITORY                      TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
goharbor/harbor-exporter        v2.13.0   0be56feff492   4 weeks ago   127MB
goharbor/redis-photon           v2.13.0   7c0d9781ab12   4 weeks ago   166MB
goharbor/trivy-adapter-photon   v2.13.0   f2b4d5497558   4 weeks ago   381MB
goharbor/harbor-registryctl     v2.13.0   bbd957df71d6   4 weeks ago   162MB
goharbor/registry-photon        v2.13.0   fa23989bf194   4 weeks ago   85.9MB
goharbor/nginx-photon           v2.13.0   c922d86a7218   4 weeks ago   151MB
goharbor/harbor-log             v2.13.0   463b8f469e21   4 weeks ago   164MB
goharbor/harbor-jobservice      v2.13.0   112a1616822d   4 weeks ago   174MB
goharbor/harbor-core            v2.13.0   b90fcb27fd54   4 weeks ago   197MB
goharbor/harbor-portal          v2.13.0   858f92a0f5f9   4 weeks ago   159MB
goharbor/harbor-db              v2.13.0   13a2b78e8616   4 weeks ago   273MB
goharbor/prepare                v2.13.0   2380b5a4f127   4 weeks ago   205MB
shell 复制代码 
[root@harbor harbor]# ls
common.sh  harbor.v2.13.0.tar.gz  harbor.yml  harbor.yml.tmpl  install.sh  LICENSE  prepare  ssl
[root@harbor harbor]# ./prepare
prepare base dir is set to /data/harbor
Generated configuration file: /config/portal/nginx.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/log/logrotate.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/log/rsyslog_docker.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/nginx/nginx.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/core/env
Generated configuration file: /config/core/app.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/registry/config.yml
Generated configuration file: /config/registryctl/env
Generated configuration file: /config/registryctl/config.yml
Generated configuration file: /config/db/env
Generated configuration file: /config/jobservice/env
Generated configuration file: /config/jobservice/config.yml
copy /data/secret/tls/harbor_internal_ca.crt to shared trust ca dir as name harbor_internal_ca.crt ...
ca file /hostfs/data/secret/tls/harbor_internal_ca.crt is not exist
copy  to shared trust ca dir as name storage_ca_bundle.crt ...
copy None to shared trust ca dir as name redis_tls_ca.crt ...
Generated and saved secret to file: /data/secret/keys/secretkey
Successfully called func: create_root_cert
Generated configuration file: /compose_location/docker-compose.yml
Clean up the input dir

# 启动harbor
[root@harbor harbor]# ./install.sh

[Step 0]: checking if docker is installed ...

Note: docker version: 28.0.4

[Step 1]: checking docker-compose is installed ...

Note: Docker Compose version v2.34.0

[Step 2]: loading Harbor images ...
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-db:v2.13.0
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-jobservice:v2.13.0
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-registryctl:v2.13.0
Loaded image: goharbor/redis-photon:v2.13.0
Loaded image: goharbor/trivy-adapter-photon:v2.13.0
Loaded image: goharbor/nginx-photon:v2.13.0
Loaded image: goharbor/registry-photon:v2.13.0
Loaded image: goharbor/prepare:v2.13.0
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-portal:v2.13.0
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-core:v2.13.0
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-log:v2.13.0
Loaded image: goharbor/harbor-exporter:v2.13.0


[Step 3]: preparing environment ...

[Step 4]: preparing harbor configs ...
prepare base dir is set to /data/harbor
Clearing the configuration file: /config/portal/nginx.conf
.......
Generated configuration file: /config/portal/nginx.conf
.......
Generated configuration file: /config/jobservice/env
Generated configuration file: /config/jobservice/config.yml
copy /data/secret/tls/harbor_internal_ca.crt to shared trust ca dir as name harbor_internal_ca.crt ...
ca file /hostfs/data/secret/tls/harbor_internal_ca.crt is not exist
copy  to shared trust ca dir as name storage_ca_bundle.crt ...
copy None to shared trust ca dir as name redis_tls_ca.crt ...
loaded secret from file: /data/secret/keys/secretkey
Generated configuration file: /compose_location/docker-compose.yml
Clean up the input dir


Note: stopping existing Harbor instance ...


[Step 5]: starting Harbor ...
[+] Running 10/10		#10个容器成功运行
 ✔ Network harbor_harbor        Created                                                                       0.0s 
.........                                                                    1.3s 
✔ ----Harbor has been installed and started successfully.----
  • 配置启动服务
shell 复制代码 
# 会删容器，但是不会删除镜像
[root@harbor harbor]# docker-compose down
[+] Running 10/10
 ✔ Container harbor-jobservice  Removed                                                                       0.1s 
 ✔ Container registryctl        Removed                                                                       0.1s 
 ✔ Container nginx              Removed                                                                       0.1s 
 ✔ Container harbor-portal      Removed                                                                       0.1s 
 ✔ Container harbor-core        Removed                                                                       0.1s 
 ✔ Container registry           Removed                                                                       0.1s 
 ✔ Container redis              Removed                                                                       0.1s 
 ✔ Container harbor-db          Removed                                                                       0.2s 
 ✔ Container harbor-log         Removed                                                                      10.1s 
 ✔ Network harbor_harbor        Removed                                                                       0.1s 
[root@harbor harbor]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@harbor harbor]# docker images
REPOSITORY                      TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
goharbor/harbor-exporter        v2.13.0   0be56feff492   4 weeks ago   127MB
goharbor/redis-photon           v2.13.0   7c0d9781ab12   4 weeks ago   166MB
goharbor/trivy-adapter-photon   v2.13.0   f2b4d5497558   4 weeks ago   381MB
goharbor/harbor-registryctl     v2.13.0   bbd957df71d6   4 weeks ago   162MB
goharbor/registry-photon        v2.13.0   fa23989bf194   4 weeks ago   85.9MB
goharbor/nginx-photon           v2.13.0   c922d86a7218   4 weeks ago   151MB
goharbor/harbor-log             v2.13.0   463b8f469e21   4 weeks ago   164MB
goharbor/harbor-jobservice      v2.13.0   112a1616822d   4 weeks ago   174MB
goharbor/harbor-core            v2.13.0   b90fcb27fd54   4 weeks ago   197MB
goharbor/harbor-portal          v2.13.0   858f92a0f5f9   4 weeks ago   159MB
goharbor/harbor-db              v2.13.0   13a2b78e8616   4 weeks ago   273MB
goharbor/prepare                v2.13.0   2380b5a4f127   4 weeks ago   205MB

# 编写服务文件（必须有这三个板块）
[root@harbor harbor]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/harbor.service
[root@harbor harbor]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/harbor.service
[Unit]	#定义服务启动的依赖关系和顺序、服务的描述信息
Description=Harbor
After=docker.service systemd-networkd.service systemd-resolved.service	# 定义顺序：...之后，不是强依赖
Requires=docker.service		#必须先启动这个服务（强依赖）
Documentation=http://github.com/vmware/harbor

[Service]	#定义服务的启动、停止、重启
Type=simple	#服务启动的进程启动方式
Restart=on-failure	#如果失败了就重启
RestartSec=5		#重启时间
ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker-compose --file /data/harbor/docker-compose.yml up	#启动时需要执行的指令
# /usr/bin/docker-compose为刚刚安装的路径
ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker-compose --file /data/harbor/docker-compose.yml down

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
  • /usr/bin/docker-compose为刚刚安装的路径
shell 复制代码 
[root@harbor ~]# cd /data/harbor/
[root@harbor harbor]# ls
common     docker-compose.yml     harbor.yml       install.sh  prepare
common.sh  harbor.v2.13.0.tar.gz  harbor.yml.tmpl  LICENSE     ssl
[root@harbor harbor]# cat docker-compose.yml 
services:
  log:
    image: goharbor/harbor-log:v2.13.0
    container_name: harbor-log
    restart: always
    cap_drop:
      - ALL
    cap_add:
      - CHOWN
      - DAC_OVERRIDE
      - SETGID
      - SETUID
    volumes:
      - /var/log/harbor/:/var/log/docker/:z
      - type: bind
        source: ./common/config/log/logrotate.conf
        target: /etc/logrotate.d/logrotate.conf
      - type: bind
        source: ./common/config/log/rsyslog_docker.conf
        target: /etc/rsyslog.d/rsyslog_docker.conf
    ports:
      - 127.0.0.1:1514:10514
    networks:
      - harbor
  registry:
    image: goharbor/registry-photon:v2.13.0
    container_name: registry
    restart: always
    cap_drop:
      - ALL
    cap_add:
      - CHOWN
      - SETGID
      - SETUID
    volumes:
      - /data/registry:/storage:z
      - ./common/config/registry/:/etc/registry/:z
      - type: bind
        source: /data/secret/registry/root.crt
        target: /etc/registry/root.crt
      - type: bind
        source: ./common/config/shared/trust-certificates
        target: /harbor_cust_cert
    networks:
      - harbor
    depends_on:
      - log
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:
        syslog-address: "tcp://localhost:1514"
        tag: "registry"
  registryctl:
    image: goharbor/harbor-registryctl:v2.13.0
    container_name: registryctl
    env_file:
      - ./common/config/registryctl/env
    restart: always
    cap_drop:
      - ALL
    cap_add:
      - CHOWN
      - SETGID
      - SETUID
    volumes:
      - /data/registry:/storage:z
      - ./common/config/registry/:/etc/registry/:z
      - type: bind
        source: ./common/config/registryctl/config.yml
        target: /etc/registryctl/config.yml
      - type: bind
        source: ./common/config/shared/trust-certificates
        target: /harbor_cust_cert
    networks:
      - harbor
    depends_on:
      - log
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:
        syslog-address: "tcp://localhost:1514"
        tag: "registryctl"
  postgresql:
    image: goharbor/harbor-db:v2.13.0
    container_name: harbor-db
    restart: always
    cap_drop:
      - ALL
    cap_add:
      - CHOWN
      - DAC_OVERRIDE
      - SETGID
      - SETUID
    volumes:
      - /data/database:/var/lib/postgresql/data:z
    networks:
      harbor:
    env_file:
      - ./common/config/db/env
    depends_on:
      - log
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:
        syslog-address: "tcp://localhost:1514"
        tag: "postgresql"
    shm_size: '1gb'
  core:
    image: goharbor/harbor-core:v2.13.0
    container_name: harbor-core
    env_file:
      - ./common/config/core/env
    restart: always
    cap_drop:
      - ALL
    cap_add:
      - SETGID
      - SETUID
    volumes:
      - /data/ca_download/:/etc/core/ca/:z
      - /data/:/data/:z
      - ./common/config/core/certificates/:/etc/core/certificates/:z
      - type: bind
        source: ./common/config/core/app.conf
        target: /etc/core/app.conf
      - type: bind
        source: /data/secret/core/private_key.pem
        target: /etc/core/private_key.pem
      - type: bind
        source: /data/secret/keys/secretkey
        target: /etc/core/key
      - type: bind
        source: ./common/config/shared/trust-certificates
        target: /harbor_cust_cert
    networks:
      harbor:
    depends_on:
      - log
      - registry
      - redis
      - postgresql
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:
        syslog-address: "tcp://localhost:1514"
        tag: "core"
  portal:
    image: goharbor/harbor-portal:v2.13.0
    container_name: harbor-portal
    restart: always
    cap_drop:
      - ALL
    cap_add:
      - CHOWN
      - SETGID
      - SETUID
      - NET_BIND_SERVICE
    volumes:
      - type: bind
        source: ./common/config/portal/nginx.conf
        target: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    networks:
      - harbor
    depends_on:
      - log
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:
        syslog-address: "tcp://localhost:1514"
        tag: "portal"

  jobservice:
    image: goharbor/harbor-jobservice:v2.13.0
    container_name: harbor-jobservice
    env_file:
      - ./common/config/jobservice/env
    restart: always
    cap_drop:
      - ALL
    cap_add:
      - CHOWN
      - SETGID
      - SETUID
    volumes:
      - /data/job_logs:/var/log/jobs:z
      - type: bind
        source: ./common/config/jobservice/config.yml
        target: /etc/jobservice/config.yml
      - type: bind
        source: ./common/config/shared/trust-certificates
        target: /harbor_cust_cert
    networks:
      - harbor
    depends_on:
      - core
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:
        syslog-address: "tcp://localhost:1514"
        tag: "jobservice"
  redis:
    image: goharbor/redis-photon:v2.13.0
    container_name: redis
    restart: always
    cap_drop:
      - ALL
    cap_add:
      - CHOWN
      - SETGID
      - SETUID
    volumes:
      - /data/redis:/var/lib/redis
    networks:
      harbor:
    depends_on:
      - log
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:
        syslog-address: "tcp://localhost:1514"
        tag: "redis"
  proxy:
    image: goharbor/nginx-photon:v2.13.0
    container_name: nginx
    restart: always
    cap_drop:
      - ALL
    cap_add:
      - CHOWN
      - SETGID
      - SETUID
      - NET_BIND_SERVICE
    volumes:
      - ./common/config/nginx:/etc/nginx:z
      - /data/secret/cert:/etc/cert:z
      - type: bind
        source: ./common/config/shared/trust-certificates
        target: /harbor_cust_cert
    networks:
      - harbor
    ports:
      - 80:8080
      - 443:8443
    depends_on:
      - registry
      - core
      - portal
      - log
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:
        syslog-address: "tcp://localhost:1514"
        tag: "proxy"
networks:
  harbor:
    external: false
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