踩坑 WSL2 安装 MySQL 失败

TL;DR

环境：WSL2 (Ubuntu 24.04)
坑点：安装MySQL 总是安装失败
原因：Windows 系统下也安装了 MySQL。在 WSL2 中，localhost (127.0.0.1) 是直接映射到 Windows 主机的网络接口的，因此 Windows 上的 MySQL 服务会与 WSL 中的 MySQL 服务竞争相同的端口。

复现过程

安装 mysql-server ：

bash 复制代码

sudo apt install mysql-server

到这里总是安装不上，信息如下：

vbnet 复制代码

...
update-alternatives: using /var/lib/mecab/dic/ipadic-utf8 to provide /var/lib/mecab/dic/debian (mecab-dictionary) in auto mode
Setting up libhtml-parser-perl:amd64 (3.76-1build2) ...
Setting up libhttp-message-perl (6.36-1) ...
Setting up mysql-server-8.0 (8.0.42-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode
Renaming removed key_buffer and myisam-recover options (if present)
mysqld will log errors to /var/log/mysql/error.log
mysqld is running as pid 22382
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server-8.0 (--configure):
 installed mysql-server-8.0 package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Setting up libcgi-pm-perl (4.54-1) ...
Setting up libhtml-template-perl (2.97-1.1) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-server:
 mysql-server depends on mysql-server-8.0; however:
  Package mysql-server-8.0 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package mysql-server (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
                                                                                                          Setting up libcgi-fast-perl (1:2.15-1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.10) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 mysql-server-8.0
 mysql-server
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

我借助 AI 尝试了各种方法，都不能解决。我尝试的方法包括：

AI 提示的各种骚操作
卸载 MySQL，重新安装
卸载 WSL 内的 Ubuntu distro，重新安装了一个

我重装 WSL Ubuntu distro 之后，又再次安装 mysql-server，再次失败：

vbscript 复制代码

Setting up mysql-server-8.0 (8.0.42-0ubuntu0.24.04.2) ...
Renaming removed key_buffer and myisam-recover options (if present)
mysqld will log errors to /var/log/mysql/error.log
mysqld is running as pid 457
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server-8.0 (--configure):
 installed mysql-server-8.0 package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
                                                                                                          dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-server:
 mysql-server depends on mysql-server-8.0; however:
  Package mysql-server-8.0 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package mysql-server (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 mysql-server-8.0
 mysql-server
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

解决过程

从上面的失败信息中其实很难找到原因，但似乎好像是因为 mysqld 启动失败在 AI 的提示下，我去检查了/var/log/mysql/error.log

bash 复制代码

sudo cat /var/log/mysql/error.log

我省略了无关紧要的信息，看到两条关键的 log 如下：

vbscript 复制代码

2025-07-24T16:07:55.915365Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-011300] [Server] Plugin mysqlx reported: 'Setup of bind-address: '127.0.0.1' port: 33060 failed, `bind()` failed with error: Address already in use (98). Do you already have another mysqld server running with Mysqlx ?'

...

2025-07-24T16:07:55.966055Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010257] [Server] Do you already have another mysqld server running on port: 3306 ?

3306 和 33060 端口被占用。MySQL 服务启动默认会占用这两个端口。我忽然想到我的 Windows 系统也曾安装过 MySQL，这时我知道大概率就是因为 Windows 系统下的启动 MySQL 服务占用了这两个端口，导致我 WSL Ubuntu 环境无法启动 MySQL。

其实当时我的 MySQL 已经安装成功了，只是在安装完自动启动 MySQL 服务的过程中，由于默认端口被占用，无法启动成功。

在 Windows 中确认端口 3306 和 33060 是否被占用：

bash 复制代码

netstat -aon | findstr :3306
netstat -aon | findstr :33060

在 WSL 中也检查端口：

bash 复制代码

sudo netstat -tuln | grep -E '3306|33060'

接着，检查 Windows 上是否正在运行 MySQL 服务：

打开 Windows 的"服务"管理工具：
- 按 Win + R，输入 services.msc，按 Enter。
- 查找名为 MySQL 或类似（如 MySQL80）的服务。
如果服务正在运行，右键点击并选择"停止"。

我上面说过，其实当时我已经安装 MySQL 成功了：

bash 复制代码

$ mysql --version
mysql  Ver 8.0.42-0ubuntu0.24.04.2 for Linux on x86_64 ((Ubuntu))

查看 MySQL 服务状态，如果不是正常开启状态，需要运行下面命令开启：

bash 复制代码

sudo service mysql start

MySQL 服务正常开启状态如下：

bash 复制代码

$ sudo service mysql status

● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Fri 2025-07-25 00:24:27 CST; 57min ago
    Process: 2583 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/>
   Main PID: 2592 (mysqld)
     Status: "Server is operational"
      Tasks: 38 (limit: 19043)
     Memory: 339.5M (peak: 379.1M swap: 25.0M swap peak: 25.0M)
        CPU: 37.241s
     CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
             └─2592 /usr/sbin/mysqld

End: 其实可以做到 WSL 和 Windows 环境同时运行 MySQL 服务，改配置文件即可，让两个服务运行在不同端口。但是我不想这么做。