windows系统下docker desktop创建容器指定ip

方式一：创建自定义网络

创建自定义网络并指定子网

docker network create --subnet=172.20.0.0/16 mysql-network

启动容器

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docker run -d \
  --name mysql1 \
  --network mysql-network \
  --ip 172.20.0.10 \
  -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root123 \
  -p 3306:3306 \
  mysql:8.0

方式二：使用docker compose文件方式

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version: '3.7'
 
services: 
    mysql1:
        user: root
        image:  mysql:8.0
        container_name: mysql1
        ports:
            - 3306:3306
        volumes:
            - D:/docker/app9/mysql1/data:/var/lib/mysql
            - D:/docker/app9/mysql1/my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf
        environment:
            MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 2023
            TZ: Asia/Shanghai
            LANG: C.UTF-8
        healthcheck:
            test: ["CMD", "mysqladmin", "ping", "-p2023","--protocol","tcp"]
        deploy:
            replicas: 1
            restart_policy:
                condition: on-failure #on-failure
            resources:
                limits:
                    cpus: '8'
                    memory: 2G
        command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_german2_ci
        networks:
            mysql-net:
                ipv4_address: 172.25.0.10
    mysql2:
        user: root
        image:  mysql:8.0
        container_name: mysql2
        ports:
            - 3307:3306
        volumes:
            - D:/docker/app9/mysql2/data:/var/lib/mysql
            - D:/docker/app9/mysql2/my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf
        environment:
            MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 2023
            TZ: Asia/Shanghai
            LANG: C.UTF-8
        healthcheck:
            test: ["CMD", "mysqladmin", "ping", "-p2023","--protocol","tcp"]
        deploy:
            replicas: 1
            restart_policy:
                condition: on-failure #on-failure
            resources:
                limits:
                    cpus: '8'
                    memory: 2G
        command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_german2_ci
        networks:
            mysql-net:
                ipv4_address: 172.25.0.20


networks:
  mysql-net:
    driver: bridge
    ipam:
      config:
        - subnet: 172.25.0.0/16

启动服务

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# 启动服务
docker-compose up -d

查看状态

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# 查看容器状态
docker-compose ps

# 查看日志
docker-compose logs mysql1
docker-compose logs mysql2

# 查看网络
docker network ls

停止和清理

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# 停止服务
docker-compose down

# 停止并删除数据卷
docker-compose down -v

# 重新启动
docker-compose up -d

检查IP

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# Linux系统命令
# 检查容器的 IP 地址
docker inspect mysql1 | grep IPAddress
docker inspect mysql2 | grep IPAddress

# Windows 等效命令
# 使用 findstr 代替 grep
docker inspect mysql1 | findstr "IPAddress"
# 或者更精确的查找
docker inspect mysql1 | findstr "IPAddress"

# 直接获取 IP 地址
docker inspect -f '{{range.NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' mysql1
docker inspect -f '{{range.NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' mysql2

# 查看容器的所有网络信息
docker inspect mysql1
# 或者使用更简洁的方式
docker container inspect mysql1 --format='{{.Name}} - {{.NetworkSettings.Networks.mysql-cluster_mysql-net.IPAddress}}'

完整的排查步骤（Windows 版本）

# 1. 检查容器状态
docker ps

# 2. 获取容器 IP 地址
docker inspect -f '{{range.NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' mysql1
docker inspect -f '{{range.NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' mysql2

# 3. 检查网络配置
docker network ls
docker network inspect mysql-cluster_mysql-net

# 4. 检查端口映射
docker port mysql1
docker port mysql2

# 5. 测试容器内部连接
docker exec mysql1 mysql -uroot -proot123 -e "SELECT 1;"
docker exec mysql2 mysql -uroot -proot123 -e "SELECT 1;"

# 6. 检查用户权限
docker exec mysql1 mysql -uroot -proot123 -e "SELECT user, host, plugin FROM mysql.user;"
docker exec mysql2 mysql -uroot -proot123 -e "SELECT user, host, plugin FROM mysql.user;"