目录
|---------------|
| 实现 Hal 模块 |
一、代码编写
接下来就来为上节实现的驱动写一个简单的 HAL 模块。
在 hardware/libhardware/include/hardware 目录下添加 hello_hal.h:
c
#ifndef _HARDWARE_HELLO_HAL_H
#define _HARDWARE_HELLO_HAL_H
#include <hardware/hardware.h>
__BEGIN_DECLS
#define HELLO_HAL_API_VERSION HARDWARE_MODULE_API_VERSION(1,0)
#define HELLO_HAL_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID "hello_hal"
#define HELLO_HAL_DEVICE_ID_MAIN "main_hello_hal"
struct hello_hal_device_t;
typedef struct hello_hal_device_t {
struct hw_device_t common;
int fd; // 存储/dev/hello的文件描
int (*hello_hal_open)(struct hello_hal_device_t* hello_hal_dev);
int (*hello_hal_read)(struct hello_hal_device_t* hello_hal_dev, char* str);
int (*hello_hal_write)(struct hello_hal_device_t* hello_hal_dev,const char* str);
} hello_hal_device_t;
static inline int hello_hal_methods_open(const struct hw_module_t* module, hello_hal_device_t** device)
{
return module->methods->open(module, HELLO_HAL_DEVICE_ID_MAIN, (struct hw_device_t**)device);
}
__END_DECLS
#endif // _HARDWARE_HELLO_HAL_H
这里的核心是:
- 实现一个 hello_hal_device_t 结构体,这个结构体用于操作具体的硬件
- 实现 hello_hal_methods_open 函数,这个函数用于从 hw_module_t 中找到 hello_hal_device_t 结构体实例
接着在hardware/libhardware/modules/目录下添加 hello_hal 目录,并在 hello_hal 目录下添加源码文件hello_hal.c:
c
#include <hardware/hello_hal.h>
#include <hardware/hardware.h>
#include <cutils/log.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
int hello_open (struct hello_hal_device_t* hello_hal_dev __unused) {
// 打开/dev/hello,fd存入设备结构体
hello_hal_dev->fd = open("/dev/hello", O_RDWR);
if (hello_hal_dev->fd == -1) {
ALOGE("hello_hal: can not open file /dev/hello, errno=%d", errno); // 用ALOGE打印日志
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
int hello_close (struct hw_device_t* dev) {
hello_hal_device_t* hello_hal_dev = (hello_hal_device_t*)dev;
if (hello_hal_dev->fd >= 0) {
close(hello_hal_dev->fd); // 关闭结构体中的fd
}
free(hello_hal_dev); // 释放设备结构体内存
return 0;
}
int hello_read (struct hello_hal_device_t* hello_hal_dev __unused, char* str) {
char buf[1024] = {0}; // 初始化缓冲区,避免脏数据
int len = read(hello_hal_dev->fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
if (len > 0) {
buf[len] = '\0';
strcpy(str, buf);
return len;
} else if (len == 0) {
ALOGW("hello_hal: read 0 bytes from /dev/hello");
return 0;
} else {
ALOGE("hello_hal: read failed, errno=%d", errno);
return -1;
}
}
int hello_write (struct hello_hal_device_t* hello_hal_dev __unused, const char* str) {
if (!str) { // 空指针校验
ALOGE("hello_hal: write str is NULL");
return -EINVAL;
}
int len = strlen(str) + 1;
len = len < 1024 ? len : 1024;
int ret = write(hello_hal_dev->fd, str, len);
if (ret < 0) {
ALOGE("hello_hal: write failed, errno=%d", errno);
return -1;
}
return ret;
}
// HAL模块的open函数(创建设备实例)
static int hello_hal_open(const hw_module_t* module, const char* id __unused,
hw_device_t** device) {
// 分配设备结构体内存(calloc自动初始化0)
hello_hal_device_t *hello_hal_dev = calloc(1, sizeof(hello_hal_device_t));
if (!hello_hal_dev) {
ALOGE("hello_hal: Can not allocate memory for hello hal device");
return -ENOMEM;
}
// 初始化hw_device_t(HAL框架要求)
hello_hal_dev->common.tag = HARDWARE_DEVICE_TAG;
hello_hal_dev->common.module = (hw_module_t *)module;
hello_hal_dev->common.version = HARDWARE_DEVICE_API_VERSION(1,0);
hello_hal_dev->common.close = hello_close; // 现在类型匹配
// 绑定自定义函数指针
hello_hal_dev->hello_hal_open = hello_open;
hello_hal_dev->hello_hal_write = hello_write;
hello_hal_dev->hello_hal_read = hello_read;
// 输出设备指针给上层
*device = (hw_device_t *)hello_hal_dev;
return 0;
}
// HAL模块方法结构体
static struct hw_module_methods_t hello_hal_module_methods = {
.open = hello_hal_open,
};
// HAL模块入口(必须命名为HAL_MODULE_INFO_SYM)
struct hw_module_t HAL_MODULE_INFO_SYM = {
.tag = HARDWARE_MODULE_TAG,
.module_api_version = HELLO_HAL_API_VERSION,
.hal_api_version = HARDWARE_HAL_API_VERSION,
.id = HELLO_HAL_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID,
.name = "Default Hello HAL",
.author = "sixian",
.methods = &hello_hal_module_methods,
};
- 声明一个 hw_module_t 结构体实例
- 声明一个 hw_module_methods_t 结构体实例,其中
open函数指针指向hello_hal_open hello_hal_open> 会构建一个 hello_hal_device_t 结构体实例,对其成员赋值,核心的成员主要是hello_hal_open 、hello_hal_write、 hello_hal_read三个函数指针
二、编译系统配置
接着在 hardware/libhardware/modules/hello_hal 目录下添加 Android.mk
c
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_MODULE := hello_hal.default
# HAL module implementation stored in
# hw/<VIBRATOR_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID>.default.so
LOCAL_MODULE_RELATIVE_PATH := hw
LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := hardware/libhardware
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := hello_hal.c
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := liblog
LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
接着在 hardware/libhardware/modules/Android.mk 中添加 hello_hal ,这样编译系统才会去编译 hello_hal 模块。
c
hardware_modules := \
camera \
gralloc \
sensors \
hello_hal
include $(call all-named-subdir-makefiles,$(hardware_modules))
接着在 product 配置文件 device/xxxx/xxxx/device.mk 中添加 hello_hal.default so库:
c
PRODUCT_PACKAGES := \
audio.primary.goldfish \
vibrator.goldfish \
hello_hal.default \
至此,hal 层任务完工