Linux CPU 数据 Metrics 指标解读

过去从未仔细了解过使用 tophtop 等命令时显式的CPU信息,本文我们详解解读和标注一下各个数据项的含义,同时和 Ganglia 显式的数据做一个映射。开始前介绍一个小知识,很多查看CPU的命令行工具都是 cat /proc/stat 里的数据,所以数据来源都是一样的,区别只在于显式格式,用户体验上。本文我们以 mpstatuptime 命令为主,最后介绍一下 tophtop 的一些细微差异。

一般来说,CPU 的性能会分成两个维度来看,一个是:利用率,另一个是:(1/5/15分钟的)平均负载,这两种指标是不同的 (具体内容,年后补啦!收工了!今年肝稿 108 篇!累死~)


%user: Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the user level (application).

%nice: Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the user level with nice priority.

%system: Percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the system level (kernel).

%iowait: Percentage of time that the CPU or CPUs were idle during which the system had an outstanding disk I/O request.

%idle: Percentage of time that the CPU or CPUs were idle and the system did not have an outstanding disk I/O request.

%usr -- % CPU usage at the user level

%nice -- % CPU usage for user processes labeled "nice"

%sys -- % CPU usage at the system (Linux kernel) level

%iowait -- % CPU usage idling waiting on a disk read/write

%irq -- % CPU usage handling hardware interrupts

%soft -- % CPU usage handing software interrupts

%steal -- % CPU usage being forced to wait for a hypervisor handling other virtual processors

%guest -- % CPU usage spent running a virtual processor

%idle -- % CPU usage on idle time (no processes, and not waiting on a disk read/write)

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