栈的特点是先入后出,后进先出。
(1)静态栈的创建
cpp
//静态栈
#define 10 N
#define int STDataType
typedef struct ST{
STDataType a[N];
int top;//栈顶元素
}Stack;
(2)动态栈的创建(本文代码基于动态栈)
cpp
//动态栈
#define int STDataType
typedef struct ST {
STDataType* _a;
int _top;//栈顶元素
int _capacity;//最大容量
}Stack;
(3)初始化栈
cpp
//初始化栈
void StackInit(Stack* pst)
{
assert(pst);
pst->_a = NULL;
pst->_top = 0;
pst->_capacity = 0;
}
(4)入栈
cpp
//入栈
void StackPush(Stack* pst, STDataType x)
{
assert(pst);
if (pst->_top == pst->_capacity)
{
STDataType newcapacity = pst->_capacity == 0 ? 4 : (pst->_capacity * 2);
STDataType* temp = (STDataType*)realloc(pst->_a, sizeof(STDataType) * newcapacity);
if (temp == NULL)
{
printf("realloc fail\n");
exit(-1);
}
pst->_a = temp;
pst->_capacity = newcapacity;
}
pst->_a[pst->_top] = x;
pst->_top++;
}
(5)出栈
cpp
//出栈
void StackPop(Stack* pst)
{
assert(pst);
assert(pst->_top > 0);
pst->_top--;
}
(6)获取栈顶元素
cpp
//获取栈顶元素
STDataType StackTop(Stack* pst)
{
assert(pst);
assert(pst->_top>0);
return pst->_a[pst->_top-1];
}
(7)获取栈的有效个数
cpp
//出栈
void StackPop(Stack* pst)
{
assert(pst);
assert(pst->_top > 0);
pst->_top--;
}
(8)判断栈是否为空
cpp
//判断栈是否为空,是返回1,非空返回0
bool StackEmpty(Stack* pst)
{
assert(pst);
if (pst->_top == 0)
return true;
else
return false;
}
(9)打印栈
cpp
//打印栈
void StackPrint(Stack* pst)
{
while (!StackEmpty(pst))
{
printf("%d\n", StackTop(pst));
StackPop(pst);
}
}
(10)销毁栈
cpp
//销毁栈
void StackDestory(Stack* pst)
{
assert(pst);
free(pst->_a);
pst->_a = NULL;
pst->_top = pst->_capacity = 0;
}