俄罗斯方块(Tetris)是一款经典的俄罗斯益智游戏,游戏的核心玩法是通过移动、旋转和放置不同形状的方块,使它们在游戏界面的底部形成完整的水平线。一旦水平线填满,就会被清除,为新的方块腾出空间。
在 Python 中可以使用第三方库pygame
来实现简单的俄罗斯方块游戏,使用pygame
前需确保其已经安装。示例代码如下:
python
import random
import sys
import pygame
# 定义俄罗斯方块类
class Tetris:
# 初始化方块类型
all_block_shapes = [[[0, 0], [0, -1], [0, 1], [0, 2]],
[[0, 0], [0, 1], [1, 1], [1, 0]],
[[0, 0], [0, -1], [-1, 0], [-1, 1]],
[[0, 0], [0, 1], [-1, -1], [-1, 0]],
[[0, 0], [0, 1], [1, 0], [0, -1]],
[[0, 0], [1, 0], [-1, 0], [1, -1]],
[[0, 0], [1, 0], [-1, 0], [1, 1]]]
current_block_shape = list(random.choice(all_block_shapes))
score = [0]
game_over = []
# 初始化
def __init__(self, height, width, block_initial_position, screen):
self.background = [[0 for column in range(0, width)] for row in
range(0, height)]
self.background[0] = [1 for column in range(0, width)]
self.block_initial_position = block_initial_position
self.screen = screen
# 旋转方块函数
def rotate_block(self):
# 获取方块的初始位置
y_drop, x_move = self.block_initial_position
# 计算方块旋转后的位置
rotating_position = [(-column, row) for row, column in
self.current_block_shape]
# 检查旋转后的位置是否合法
for row, column in rotating_position:
row += y_drop
column += x_move
# 如果超出边界或和背景方块重叠,则跳出循环
if column < 0 or column > 9 or self.background[row][column]:
break
else:
# 如果旋转后的位置合法,则更新方块的位置
self.current_block_shape.clear()
self.current_block_shape.extend(rotating_position)
# 方块下移函数
def block_move_down(self):
# 获取方块的初始位置
y_drop = self.block_initial_position[0]
x_move = self.block_initial_position[1]
y_drop -= 1
# 检查方块下移后的位置是否合法
for row, column in self.current_block_shape:
row += y_drop
column += x_move
# 如果下方有背景方块,则停止下移
if self.background[row][column] == 1:
break
else:
# 如果下移位置合法,则更新方块的位置
self.block_initial_position.clear()
self.block_initial_position.extend([y_drop, x_move])
return
# 如果方块无法下移,则将方块固定在背景上,并处理消除的行
y_drop, x_move = self.block_initial_position
for row, column in self.current_block_shape:
self.background[y_drop + row][x_move + column] = 1
complete_row = []
# 检查是否有行满了
for row in range(1, 21):
if 0 not in self.background[row]:
complete_row.append(row)
complete_row.sort(reverse=True)
# 消除满行,并得分
for row in complete_row:
self.background.pop(row)
self.background.append([0 for column in range(0, 10)])
self.score[0] += len(complete_row)
pygame.display.set_caption(str(self.score[0]) + '分')
# 选择下一个方块并放置在顶部
self.current_block_shape.clear()
self.current_block_shape.extend(
list(random.choice(self.all_block_shapes)))
self.block_initial_position.clear()
self.block_initial_position.extend([20, 5])
y_drop, x_move = self.block_initial_position
# 检查是否游戏结束
for row, column in self.current_block_shape:
row += y_drop
column += x_move
if self.background[row][column]:
self.game_over.append(1)
# 绘制元素函数
def draw_elements(self):
# 绘制方块
y_drop, x_move = self.block_initial_position
for row, column in self.current_block_shape:
row += y_drop
column += x_move
pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, (255, 165, 0),
(column * 25, 500 - row * 25, 23, 23))
# 绘制背景方块
for row in range(0, 20):
for column in range(0, 10):
bottom_block = self.background[row][column]
if bottom_block:
pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, (0, 0, 255),
(column * 25, 500 - row * 25, 23, 23))
# 方块左右移动函数
def move_block_left_right(self, n):
# 方块水平移动
y_drop, x_move = self.block_initial_position
x_move += n
for row, column in self.current_block_shape:
row += y_drop
column += x_move
# 如果超出边界或和背景方块重叠,则跳出循环
if column < 0 or column > 9 or self.background[row][column]:
break
else:
# 如果移动位置合法,则更新方块的位置
self.block_initial_position.clear()
self.block_initial_position.extend([y_drop, x_move])
# 事件处理函数
def handle_events(self):
times = 0
is_press = False
while True:
self.screen.fill((255, 255, 255))
# 按键事件
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
self.move_block_left_right(-1)
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
self.move_block_left_right(1)
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_UP:
self.rotate_block()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
is_press = True
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP and event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
is_press = False
# 如果下箭头键被按下,则加快方块下落速度
if is_press:
times += 10
# 达到时间阈值时让方块向下移动,并重置时间
if times >= 100:
self.block_move_down()
times = 0
else:
times += 1
# 如果游戏结束,则退出程序
if self.game_over:
sys.exit()
self.draw_elements()
pygame.time.Clock().tick(200)
pygame.display.flip()
# 游戏入口
def main():
height = 22
width = 10
block_initial_position = [21, 5]
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((250, 500))
pygame.display.set_caption("俄罗斯方块")
tetris = Tetris(height, width, block_initial_position, screen)
# 调用按键事件处理函数
tetris.handle_events()
# 启动游戏
main()
上述代码定义的Tetris
类将游戏功能进行了封装,main
是游戏的入口,运行代码,你就可以得到一个简单的俄罗斯方块游戏。