目录
嵌入式实时操作系统是一个特殊的程序，是一个支持多任务的运行环境。嵌入式实时操作系统最大的特点就是"实时性"，如果有一个任务需要执行，实时操作系统会立即执行该任务，不会有较长的延时。
这次实验我们学习嵌入式实时操作系统（RTOS）,以uc/OS为例，将其移植到stm32F103上，构建至少3个任务（task）:
其中两个task分别以1s和3s周期对LED等进行点亮-熄灭的控制；
另外一个task以2s周期通过串口发送"hello uc/OS! 欢迎来到RTOS多任务环境！"。记录详细的移植过程。
一、UCOS-III源码获取
链接: 百度网盘 请输入提取码
提取码: 6666
二、HAL库工程的建立
1.RCC配置
2.SYS配置
3.USART1配置
配置NVIC：
4.GPIO配置
配置PB0，PB1为输出管脚。
5.时钟配置
6.项目配置
三、KEil文件添加
1.文件复制
（1）首先我们在刚配置好的项目文件中添加对应的文件夹OS和UCOSIII
（2）在UCOSIII文件夹中添加uCOS-III源码包中的下列三个文件
（3）在文件路径为\uCOS-III源码包\UCOSIII 3.04\Micrium\Software\EvalBoards\ST\STM32F429II-SK\uCOS-III中的找到下图的文件添加到OS文件夹中。
并新增三个空文件app.h；bsp.c；bsp.h。
2.KEil工程添加
（1）打开工程，添加如图的六个组
（2）导入文件
在Application/User/Core添加app.c文件
将OS文件夹中的bsp.c和bsp.h添加到文件夹bsp中
将UCOSIII/uC-CPU中的cpu_core.c、cpu_core.h、cpu_def.h添加进CPU组中，同时将UCOSIII/uC-CPU/ARM-Cortex-M3/RealView中的三个文件添加到该
将UCOSIII/uC-LIB中的9个文件添加到LIB组中，同时将UCOSIII/uC-LIB/Ports/ARM-Cortex-M3/Realview中的lib_mem_a.asm添加到该组
将UCOSIII/UcosIII/Ports/ARM-Cortex-M3/Generic/RealView中的3个文件添加的Ports组中
将UCOSIII/UcosIII/Source中的20个文件添加到Source组中：
将OS文件夹中下图的8个文件添加到OS_cfg组中
3.添加文件路径
点击魔法棒，选择C/C++，添加如下7个文件夹的路径
四、代码修改
1.
将代码
DCD PendSV_Handler ; PendSV Handler
DCD SysTick_Handler ; SysTick Handler
改为：
DCD OS_CPU_PendSVHandler ;
DCD OS_CPU_SysTickHandler ;
2.修改文件app_cfg.h中代码
（1）将
#define APP_CFG_SERIAL_EN DEF_ENABLED
改为
#define APP_CFG_SERIAL_EN DEF_DISABLED
（2）
将
#define APP_TRACE BSP_Ser_Printf
改为
#define APP_TRACE (void)
3.修改include.h的代码
（1）
将
#include <stm32f10x_lib.h>
改为
#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
（2）添加头文件
#include "gpio.h"
#include "app_cfg.h"
#include "app.h"
4.修改bsp.c和bsp.h的代码
将bsp.c代码全部改为：
// bsp.c
#include "includes.h"
#define DWT_CR *(CPU_REG32 *)0xE0001000
#define DWT_CYCCNT *(CPU_REG32 *)0xE0001004
#define DEM_CR *(CPU_REG32 *)0xE000EDFC
#define DBGMCU_CR *(CPU_REG32 *)0xE0042004
#define DEM_CR_TRCENA (1 << 24)
#define DWT_CR_CYCCNTENA (1 << 0)
CPU_INT32U BSP_CPU_ClkFreq (void)
{
return HAL_RCC_GetHCLKFreq();
}
void BSP_Tick_Init(void)
{
CPU_INT32U cpu_clk_freq;
CPU_INT32U cnts;
cpu_clk_freq = BSP_CPU_ClkFreq();
#if(OS_VERSION>=3000u)
cnts = cpu_clk_freq/(CPU_INT32U)OSCfg_TickRate_Hz;
#else
cnts = cpu_clk_freq/(CPU_INT32U)OS_TICKS_PER_SEC;
#endif
OS_CPU_SysTickInit(cnts);
}
void BSP_Init(void)
{
BSP_Tick_Init();
MX_GPIO_Init();
}
#if (CPU_CFG_TS_TMR_EN == DEF_ENABLED)
void CPU_TS_TmrInit (void)
{
CPU_INT32U cpu_clk_freq_hz;
DEM_CR |= (CPU_INT32U)DEM_CR_TRCENA; /* Enable Cortex-M3's DWT CYCCNT reg. */
DWT_CYCCNT = (CPU_INT32U)0u;
DWT_CR |= (CPU_INT32U)DWT_CR_CYCCNTENA;
cpu_clk_freq_hz = BSP_CPU_ClkFreq();
CPU_TS_TmrFreqSet(cpu_clk_freq_hz);
}
#endif
#if (CPU_CFG_TS_TMR_EN == DEF_ENABLED)
CPU_TS_TMR CPU_TS_TmrRd (void)
{
return ((CPU_TS_TMR)DWT_CYCCNT);
}
#endif
#if (CPU_CFG_TS_32_EN == DEF_ENABLED)
CPU_INT64U CPU_TS32_to_uSec (CPU_TS32 ts_cnts)
{
CPU_INT64U ts_us;
CPU_INT64U fclk_freq;
fclk_freq = BSP_CPU_ClkFreq();
ts_us = ts_cnts / (fclk_freq / DEF_TIME_NBR_uS_PER_SEC);
return (ts_us);
}
#endif
#if (CPU_CFG_TS_64_EN == DEF_ENABLED)
CPU_INT64U CPU_TS64_to_uSec (CPU_TS64 ts_cnts)
{
CPU_INT64U ts_us;
CPU_INT64U fclk_freq;
fclk_freq = BSP_CPU_ClkFreq();
ts_us = ts_cnts / (fclk_freq / DEF_TIME_NBR_uS_PER_SEC);
return (ts_us);
}
#endif
将bsp.h代码全部改为：
// bsp.h
#ifndef __BSP_H__
#define __BSP_H__
#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
void BSP_Init(void);
#endif
5.修改文件lib_cfg.h中的代码
添加如下代码：
#define LIB_MEM_CFG_HEAP_SIZE 10u * 1024u
6.修改文件app.c
添加如下代码：
#include "includes.h"
7.main.c代码编写
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include <includes.h>
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
//?????
static OS_TCB AppTaskStartTCB;
//????
static CPU_STK AppTaskStartStk[APP_TASK_START_STK_SIZE];
/* ?????? --------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void AppTaskCreate(void);
static void AppObjCreate(void);
static void AppTaskStart(void *p_arg);
static void send_msg (void *p_arg);
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
OS_ERR err;
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
// HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
// SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
OSInit(&err);
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
// MX_GPIO_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
/* ???? */
OSTaskCreate((OS_TCB *)&AppTaskStartTCB, /* Create the start task */
(CPU_CHAR *)"App Task Start",
(OS_TASK_PTR ) AppTaskStart,
(void *) 0,
(OS_PRIO ) APP_TASK_START_PRIO,
(CPU_STK *)&AppTaskStartStk[0],
(CPU_STK_SIZE) APP_TASK_START_STK_SIZE / 10,
(CPU_STK_SIZE) APP_TASK_START_STK_SIZE,
(OS_MSG_QTY ) 0,
(OS_TICK ) 0,
(void *) 0,
(OS_OPT )(OS_OPT_TASK_STK_CHK | OS_OPT_TASK_STK_CLR),
(OS_ERR *)&err);
/* ???????,?????uC/OS-III */
OSStart(&err); /* Start multitasking (i.e. give control to uC/OS-III). */
}
/**
* ????: ????????
* ????: p_arg ?????????????
* ? ? ?: ?
* ? ?:?
*/
static void AppTaskStart (void *p_arg)
{
OS_ERR err;
(void)p_arg;
BSP_Init(); /* Initialize BSP functions */
CPU_Init();
Mem_Init(); /* Initialize Memory Management Module */
#if OS_CFG_STAT_TASK_EN > 0u
OSStatTaskCPUUsageInit(&err); /* Compute CPU capacity with no task running */
#endif
CPU_IntDisMeasMaxCurReset();
AppTaskCreate(); /* Create Application Tasks */
AppObjCreate(); /* Create Application Objects */
while (DEF_TRUE)
{
HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LED0_GPIO_Port,LED0_Pin);
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED1_GPIO_Port,LED1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
OSTimeDlyHMSM(0, 0, 0, 500,
OS_OPT_TIME_HMSM_STRICT,
&err);
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
static void send_msg (void *p_arg)
{
OS_ERR err;
(void)p_arg;
BSP_Init(); /* Initialize BSP functions */
CPU_Init();
Mem_Init(); /* Initialize Memory Management Module */
#if OS_CFG_STAT_TASK_EN > 0u
OSStatTaskCPUUsageInit(&err); /* Compute CPU capacity with no task running */
#endif
CPU_IntDisMeasMaxCurReset();
AppTaskCreate(); /* Create Application Tasks */
AppObjCreate(); /* Create Application Objects */
while (DEF_TRUE)
{
printf("hello world \r\n");
OSTimeDlyHMSM(0, 0, 0, 500,
OS_OPT_TIME_HMSM_STRICT,
&err);
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/**
* ????: ??????
* ????: p_arg ?????????????
* ? ? ?: ?
* ? ?:?
*/
static void AppTaskCreate (void)
{
}
/**
* ????: uCOSIII??????
* ????: ?
* ? ? ?: ?
* ? ?:?
*/
static void AppObjCreate (void)
{
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
tex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
五、实验效果
