实验环境
mysql-node2
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname mysql-node2.timinglee.org
[root@localhost ~]# exit
logout
Connection closed.
Disconnected from remote host(172.25.254.140:22) at 11:39:30.
Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[C:\~]$ ssh root@172.25.254.140
Connecting to 172.25.254.140:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.
WARNING! The remote SSH server rejected X11 forwarding request.
Last login: Thu Aug 22 11:37:40 2024 from 172.25.254.1
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# nmcli connection modify ens33 ipv4.addresses 172.25.254.20/24 ipv4.method manual connection.autoconnect yes
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.25.254.140 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 172.25.254.255
inet6 fe80::da8c:dc95:8517:bfff prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:57:fc:c4 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 348 bytes 31686 (30.9 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 223 bytes 25211 (24.6 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0改IP。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# nmcli connection modify ens33 ipv4.addresses 172.25.254.20/24 ipv4.method manual connection.autoconnect yes
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# nmcli connection up ens33
Socket error Event: 32 Error: 10053.
Connection closing...Socket close.
Connection closed by foreign host.
Disconnected from remote host(172.25.254.140:22) at 15:34:09.
Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[C:\~]$ ssh root@172.25.254.20
Connecting to 172.25.254.20:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.
WARNING! The remote SSH server rejected X11 forwarding request.
Last login: Thu Aug 22 11:39:54 2024 from 172.25.254.1
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# 挂载。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only下载依赖。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# yum install cmake gcc-c++ openssl-devel ncurses-devel.x86_64 libtirpc-devel-1.3.3-8.el9_4.x86_64.rpm rpcgen.x86_64
Installed:
cmake.x86_64 0:2.8.12.2-2.el7 gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7
ncurses-devel.x86_64 0:5.9-14.20130511.el7_4 openssl-devel.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-19.el7传包。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg mysql-5.7.44
libtirpc-devel-0.2.4-0.16.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-boost-5.7.44.tar.gz
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# yum install libtirpc-devel-0.2.4-0.16.el7.x86_64.rpm -y安装 mysql 。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg libtirpc-devel-0.2.4-0.16.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-boost-5.7.44.tar.gz
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# tar zxf mysql-boost-5.7.44.tar.gz
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg mysql-5.7.44 mysql-boost-5.7.44.tar.gz
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# cd mysql-5.7.44/
[root@mysql-node2 mysql-5.7.44]# 检测。
[root@mysql-node2 mysql-5.7.44]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_unicode_ci -DWITH_BOOST=/root/mysql-5.7.44/boost/boost_1_59_0/编译。
[root@mysql-node2 mysql-5.7.44]# make -j2
[root@mysql-node2 mysql-5.7.44]# make install[root@mysql-node2 mysql-5.7.44]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@mysql-node2 mysql]# ls
bin include LICENSE mysql-test README-test support-files
docs lib man README share
[root@mysql-node2 mysql]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
[root@mysql-node2 mysql]# mkdir /data/mysql -p
[root@mysql-node2 mysql]# chown mysql.mysql -R /data/mysql/启动脚本。
[root@mysql-node2 mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql-node2 mysql]# ls
bin include LICENSE mysql-test README-test support-files
docs lib man README share
[root@mysql-node2 mysql]# cd support-files/
[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# ls
magic mysqld_multi.server mysql-log-rotate mysql.server
[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# vim mysql.server[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld进配置文件写日志。
[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# ls /data/mysql/
[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# [root@mysql-node2 support-files]# ll /usr/local/mysql/bin/
total 1059020
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6413584 Aug 22 12:00 innochecksum
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 611920 Aug 22 11:55 lz4_decompress
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 8469448 Aug 22 12:00 myisamchk
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 8020712 Aug 22 12:00 myisam_ftdump
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7584528 Aug 22 12:00 myisamlog
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 8147880 Aug 22 12:00 myisampack
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5537376 Aug 22 11:56 my_print_defaults
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 8349832 Aug 22 12:08 mysql
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7016864 Aug 22 12:08 mysqladmin
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 8955760 Aug 22 12:08 mysqlbinlog
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7307808 Aug 22 12:08 mysqlcheck
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 8963568 Aug 22 12:08 mysql_client_test
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 202554416 Aug 22 12:08 mysql_client_test_embedded
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5238 Aug 22 11:54 mysql_config
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5703384 Aug 22 12:08 mysql_config_editor
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 247378728 Aug 22 12:08 mysqld
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 27038 Aug 22 11:54 mysqld_multi
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 27859 Aug 22 11:54 mysqld_safe
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7375200 Aug 22 12:08 mysqldump
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7844 Aug 22 11:54 mysqldumpslow
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 201741784 Aug 22 12:08 mysql_embedded
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7010824 Aug 22 12:08 mysqlimport
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 8281016 Aug 22 12:08 mysql_install_db
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5597912 Aug 22 12:08 mysql_plugin
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 16822472 Aug 22 12:08 mysqlpump
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6959456 Aug 22 12:08 mysql_secure_installation
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6968472 Aug 22 12:08 mysqlshow
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7066168 Aug 22 12:08 mysqlslap
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5973416 Aug 22 11:56 mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7925424 Aug 22 12:08 mysqltest
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 201155360 Aug 22 12:08 mysqltest_embedded
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5158200 Aug 22 11:56 mysql_tzinfo_to_sql
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 10570088 Aug 22 12:08 mysql_upgrade
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 22343048 Aug 22 12:08 mysqlxtest
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5679224 Aug 22 12:00 perror
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5334880 Aug 22 11:56 replace
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5537048 Aug 22 11:56 resolveip
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5610112 Aug 22 11:56 resolve_stack_dump
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 160088 Aug 22 11:55 zlib_decompress修改环境变量。
[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# vim ~/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin
export PATH
[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# source ~/.bash_profile初始化。
[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# ll /data/mysql/ -d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Aug 22 13:51 /data/mysql/
[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# mysqld --user mysql --initialize
2024-08-22T05:58:53.178397Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2024-08-22T05:58:53.339965Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2024-08-22T05:58:53.366416Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2024-08-22T05:58:53.420686Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 9c613d24-604b-11ef-b0b3-000c2957fcc4.
2024-08-22T05:58:53.421538Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2024-08-22T05:58:53.498179Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-22T05:58:53.498196Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-22T05:58:53.498680Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2024-08-22T05:58:53.528950Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: zFimd/EX/9AE初始密码为：
zFimd/EX/9AE如果初始化过程中出现问题，执行以下命令后重新初始化。
[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# rm -rf /data/mysql/*设置开机自启动。
[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/mysql-node2.timinglee.org.err'.
SUCCESS!
[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# yum install chkconfig -y
[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# chkconfig --list
Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
systemd configuration.
If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
To see services enabled on particular target use
'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.
netconsole 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
rhnsd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@mysql-node2 support-files]# chkconfig --list
Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
systemd configuration.
If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
To see services enabled on particular target use
'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
netconsole 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
rhnsd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:of安全初始化。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# mysql_secure_installation
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Enter password for user root:
The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.
New password:
Re-enter new password:
VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: no
Using existing password for root.
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : no
... skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
- Dropping test database...
Success.
- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
All done!登录数据库。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 5.7.44 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit;
Bye
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# 停止20数据库，同步10。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!mysql-node1
[root@mysql-node10 ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname mysql-node1.timinglee.org
[root@mysql-node10 ~]# exit
logout
Connection closed.
Disconnected from remote host(172.25.254.10:22) at 15:51:17.
Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[C:\~]$ ssh root@172.25.254.10
Connecting to 172.25.254.10:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.
WARNING! The remote SSH server rejected X11 forwarding request.
Last login: Thu Aug 22 09:27:01 2024 from 172.25.254.1
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.25.254.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 172.25.254.255
inet6 fe80::929:2f3f:51e2:42d2 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:37:a6:56 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 372 bytes 34024 (33.2 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 238 bytes 26261 (25.6 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 4 bytes 340 (340.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 4 bytes 340 (340.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# [root@mysql-node1 ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# yum install rsync.x86_64 -y下载依赖。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# yum install cmake gcc-c++ openssl-devel \
> ncurses-devel.x86_64 libtirpc-devel-1.3.3-8.el9_4.x86_64.rpm rpcgen.x86_64[root@mysql-node1 mysql-5.7.44]# yum install openssl-devel ncurses-devel libncurses5-dev libtirpc-devel -y[root@mysql-node1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg mysql-boost-5.7.44.tar.gz
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# tar zxf mysql-boost-5.7.44.tar.gz
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg mysql-5.7.44 mysql-boost-5.7.44.tar.gz
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# cd mysql-5.7.44/
[root@mysql-node1 mysql-5.7.44]# [root@mysql-node1 mysql-5.7.44]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_unicode_ci -DWITH_BOOST=/root/mysql-5.7.44/boost/boost_1_59_0/[root@mysql-node1 mysql-5.7.44]# make -j2
[root@mysql-node1 mysql-5.7.44]# make install10添加用户。
[root@mysql-node10 ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
[root@mysql-node10 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
[root@mysql-node10 ~]# chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql/20传数据。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# rsync -al -r mysql root@172.25.254.10:/usr/local/
-bash: rsync: command not found
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# yum search rsync
Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
================================ N/S matched: rsync ================================
rsync.x86_64 : A program for synchronizing files over a network
Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# yum install rsync.x86_64 -y
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@mysql-node2 local]# ls
bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql sbin share src
[root@mysql-node2 local]# rsync -al -r mysql root@172.25.254.10:/usr/local/
root@172.25.254.10's password:查看10数据是否传输成功。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@mysql-node1 local]# ls
bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql sbin share src
[root@mysql-node1 local]# du -sh mysql/
1.9G mysql/
[root@mysql-node1 local]# cd mysql/
[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# ls
bin include LICENSE mysql-test README-test support-files
docs lib man README share[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld改配置文件。
[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# vim ~/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin
export PATH[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# source ~/.bash_profile初始化。
[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# mysqld --user mysql --initialize
2024-08-22T08:08:28.482223Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2024-08-22T08:08:28.683692Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2024-08-22T08:08:28.714939Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2024-08-22T08:08:28.720097Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: b6d1c60f-605d-11ef-b05a-000c2937a656.
2024-08-22T08:08:28.720737Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2024-08-22T08:08:28.799169Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-22T08:08:28.799185Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-22T08:08:28.800015Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2024-08-22T08:08:28.870053Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: j+2/8lKoQsR2
[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# 启动 mysql 。
[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/mysql-node1.timinglee.org.err'.
SUCCESS! 安全初始化。输入初始密码，设置新密码 mysql 。
[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# mysql_secure_installation
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Enter password for user root:
The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.
New password:
Re-enter new password:
VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: no
Using existing password for root.
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : no
... skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
- Dropping test database...
Success.
- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
All done!
[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# 登录数据库。
[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.44 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit;
Bye
[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# 把编译好的 mysql 文件打包。
[root@mysql-node2 local]# cd /usr/local/
[root@mysql-node2 local]# ls
bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql sbin share src
[root@mysql-node2 local]# tar zcf mysql.tar.gz mysql/mysql-node3
改主机名。
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname mysql-node3.timinglee.org
[root@localhost ~]# exit
logout
Connection closed.
Disconnected from remote host(172.25.254.139:22) at 13:42:40.
Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[C:\~]$ ssh root@172.25.254.139
Connecting to 172.25.254.139:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.
WARNING! The remote SSH server rejected X11 forwarding request.
Last login: Sat Aug 24 13:42:05 2024 from 172.25.254.1
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# hostnamectl
Static hostname: mysql-node3.timinglee.org
Icon name: computer-vm
Chassis: vm
Machine ID: d7e2d1b1747947c4849d402bf671b69d
Boot ID: e2605ecd576b4781be9efb5da7c45ac9
Virtualization: vmware
Operating System: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 7.9 (Maipo)
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7.9:GA:server
Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64
Architecture: x86-64静态IP。
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# nmcli connection modify ens33 ipv4.addresses 172.25.254.30/24 ipv4.method manual connection.autoconnect yes
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# nmcli connection up ens33重连。
[C:\~]$ ssh root@172.25.254.30
Connecting to 172.25.254.30:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.
WARNING! The remote SSH server rejected X11 forwarding request.
Last login: Sat Aug 24 13:42:49 2024 from 172.25.254.1
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:9d:79:e3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.25.254.30/24 brd 172.25.254.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::da8c:dc95:8517:bfff/64 scope link tentative noprefixroute dadfailed
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::bdc2:dc2a:c867:cdd3/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever下载软件。
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# yum install rsync -y主从复制
一主一从
10主20从。
设置主机 ID 。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
server-id=10设置从机 ID 。
[root@mysql-node2 local]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
server-id=20重启服务。
[root@mysql-node2 local]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! [root@mysql-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!查看 ID 是否设置成功。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -e "SELECT @@server_id"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 10 |
+-------------+
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# [root@mysql-node2 local]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -e "SELECT @@server_id"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 20 |
+-------------+
[root@mysql-node2 local]# 主开启二进制日志。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
server-id=10
log-bin=mysql-bin重启服务。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!查看生成日志目录。
[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# ll /data/mysql/对二进制 ID 进行查看。
[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000001
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
mysqlbinlog: File 'mysql-bin.000001' not found (Errcode: 2 - No such file or directory)
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'AUTOMATIC' /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;主从机关闭防火墙和 selinux 。
登录数据库，建立数据同步使用的用户。
[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.44-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> create user repl@'%' identified by 'mysql';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to repl@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 154 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000001
Position: 154
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)登录从机数据库，同步日志。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.44 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> change master to master_host='172.25.254.10',master_user='repl',master_password='mysql',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=154;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G从机只读，不能写入数据。在主机中写入数据测试同步性。
mysql> create database tyw;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| tyw |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)从机查看数据库。
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| tyw |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)主机创建表。
mysql> use tyw
Database changed
mysql> create table tyw(
-> username varchar(10) not null,
-> password varchar(50) not null
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into tyw values ('test1','111');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 从机查看。
mysql> select * from tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)在从机上写入数据。
mysql> insert into tyw.tyw values ('test2','222');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
| test2 | 222 |
+----------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 主机上不能查看。
mysql> select * from tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 一主两从
日志的手动拉平
10登入数据库，master 信息发生改变。
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 803 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select *from tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> quit;
Bye上表的信息是在与20同步之后做的，现在要把全部信息手动拉平给30。把10现有的表数据导出来再导进新的slave，再让30去读取节点和日志。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# rsync -al /usr/local/mysql root@172.25.254.30:/usr/local
root@172.25.254.30's password:
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# 30操作。
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql/
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld设定环境变量，添加执行目录。
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# vim ~/.bash_profile
:/usr/local/mysql/bin[root@mysql-node3 ~]# source ~/.bash_profile在 mysql 配置文件里添加30的 server-id 。
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
server-id=30初始化。
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# mysqld --user=mysql --initialize
2024-08-24T07:33:08.031093Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2024-08-24T07:33:08.198958Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2024-08-24T07:33:08.223912Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2024-08-24T07:33:08.285839Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 1bc4af3b-61eb-11ef-81ed-000c299d79e3.
2024-08-24T07:33:08.286654Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2024-08-24T07:33:08.350035Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-24T07:33:08.350050Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-24T07:33:08.350360Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2024-08-24T07:33:08.376662Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: _oj3eq,uYce6查看数据存在。
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# ll /data/mysql/
total 110660
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 56 Aug 24 15:33 auto.cnf
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1680 Aug 24 15:33 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1112 Aug 24 15:33 ca.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1112 Aug 24 15:33 client-cert.pem
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1680 Aug 24 15:33 client-key.pem
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 436 Aug 24 15:33 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Aug 24 15:33 ibdata1
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Aug 24 15:33 ib_logfile0
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Aug 24 15:33 ib_logfile1
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Aug 24 15:33 mysql
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 8192 Aug 24 15:33 performance_schema
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1676 Aug 24 15:33 private_key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 452 Aug 24 15:33 public_key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1112 Aug 24 15:33 server-cert.pem
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1676 Aug 24 15:33 server-key.pem
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 8192 Aug 24 15:33 sys启动数据库。
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/mysql-node3.timinglee.org.err'.
SUCCESS!用初始密码做安全策略。
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# mysql_secure_installation
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Enter password for user root:
The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.
New password:
Re-enter new password:
VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: no
Using existing password for root.
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : no
... skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :
... skipping.
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :
... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :
... skipping.
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :
... skipping.
All done!
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# 在企业中需要对主进行锁库和锁表后再进行数据拉平。
从master节点备份数据。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p tyw > tyw.sql
Enter password: 查看写过的 sql 语句。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# cat tye.sql把 sql 语句拷贝到30主机。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# scp tyw.sql root@172.25.254.30:/mnt/
root@172.25.254.30's password:
scp: /mnt//tyw.sql: Read-only file system这里报错，推测原因是30的/mnt/ 目录空间不足，因为本机的光盘镜像默认挂载到了这个目录。
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 898M 0 898M 0% /dev
tmpfs 910M 0 910M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 910M 9.6M 901M 2% /run
tmpfs 910M 0 910M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 47G 3.4G 44G 8% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 150M 865M 15% /boot
tmpfs 182M 0 182M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 4.3G 4.3G 0 100% /mnt换个目录拷贝。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# scp tyw.sql root@172.25.254.30:/opt/
root@172.25.254.30's password:
tyw.sql 100% 1905 1.5MB/s 00:00 切进30查看是否拷贝成功。
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# cd /opt/
[root@mysql-node3 opt]# ls
tyw.sql30建立 tyw 这个数据库。
[root@mysql-node3 opt]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -e "CREATE DATABASE tyw;"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.把数据导入库。
[root@mysql-node3 opt]# mysql -uroot -pmysql tyw < tyw.sql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.10查看日志。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 5.7.44-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 803 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 在20上确认10的创建的用户和密码是否正确。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# mysql -urepl -pmysql -h 172.25.254.10
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 12
Server version: 5.7.44-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> quit;
Bye
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# 30同步日志。
[root@mysql-node3 opt]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.7.44 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> change master to master_host='172.25.254.10',master_user='repl',master_password='mysql',master_log_file="mysql-bin.000001",master_log_pos=803;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.25.254.10
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 803
Relay_Log_File: mysql-node3-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 803
Relay_Log_Space: 533
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 10
Master_UUID: b6d1c60f-605d-11ef-b05a-000c2937a656
Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 如果没有显示两个 yes ，则可能是主从配置信息没写对，这时候先把30
mysql> stop slave;再检查信息重新配置，再开启 slave 。
在10中写数据。
mysql> INSERT INTO tyw.tyw values ('user2','123');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)30查看同步。
mysql> SELECT * FROM tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
| user2 | 123 |
+----------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)20查看是否同步。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.44 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> SELECT * FROM tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
| test2 | 222 |
| user2 | 123 |
+----------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> test2 和 222 是20自己写入的。不会同步到主机10。
主从的生产应用。
假如是购物软件的数据库，则主比较多。
如果是微博或抖音的数据库，则从比较多。
延迟回放
30关闭 sql 线程，设置延迟同步时间，再开启线程。
mysql> STOP SLAVE SQL_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> change master to master_delay=60;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> start slave sql_thread;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)查看是否设置成功。
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.25.254.10
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1063
Relay_Log_File: mysql-node3-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 580
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1063
Relay_Log_Space: 793
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 10
Master_UUID: b6d1c60f-605d-11ef-b05a-000c2937a656
Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 60
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 主机模拟故障。
mysql> SELECT * FROM tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
| user2 | 123 |
+----------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> delete from tyw.tyw where username='user2';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 20查看表。
mysql> SELECT * FROM tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
| test2 | 222 |
+----------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)30在60秒之内还能查看 user2 的数据。
mysql> SELECT * FROM tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
| user2 | 123 |
+----------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit;
Bye在 60 秒之内退出数据库，把数据库的数据导入文件中做备份。
[root@mysql-node3 opt]# mysql -uroot -pmysql tyw < tyw.sql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.再次登入30数据库，查看表的数据是否更新。
[root@mysql-node3 opt]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 15
Server version: 5.7.44 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> SELECT * FROM tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 慢查询日志
10查看慢查询状态。
mysql> SHOW variables like "slow%";
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| slow_launch_time | 2 |
| slow_query_log | OFF |
| slow_query_log_file | /data/mysql/mysql-node1-slow.log |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)开启主慢查询。
mysql> SET GLOBAL slow_query_log=ON;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)再次查看慢查询状态。
mysql> SHOW variables like "slow%";
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| slow_launch_time | 2 |
| slow_query_log | ON |
| slow_query_log_file | /data/mysql/mysql-node1-slow.log |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)查看慢查询时间。
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES like "long%";
+-----------------+-----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------+-----------+
| long_query_time | 10.000000 |
+-----------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)测试慢查询。输入命令10秒后再显示结果。
mysql> select sleep (10);
+------------+
| sleep (10) |
+------------+
| 0 |
+------------+
1 row in set (10.01 sec)查看慢查询日志。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# cat /data/mysql/mysql-node1-slow.log
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld, Version: 5.7.44-log (Source distribution). started with:
Tcp port: 3306 Unix socket: /data/mysql/mysql.sock
Time Id Command Argument
# Time: 2024-08-24T17:06:31.325960Z
# User@Host: root[root] @ localhost [] Id: 14
# Query_time: 10.007288 Lock_time: 0.000000 Rows_sent: 1 Rows_examined: 0
SET timestamp=1724519191;
select sleep (10);并行复制
20设置多线程回放，让主从数据同步速度尽可能放大。
20查看从机线程数量。
mysql> show processlist;
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+--------+--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+--------+--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| 3 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 149408 | Waiting for master to send event | NULL |
| 4 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 34961 | Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates | NULL |
| 7 | root | localhost | NULL | Sleep | 34954 | | NULL |
| 8 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | starting | show processlist |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+--------+--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit;
Bye
[root@mysql-node2 ~]#回放动作和接收动作记录的日志目录。这个日志在磁盘里，通读速度会非常慢。所以在设置多线程时我们可以设置把动作记录在一个表里。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# ls /data/mysql/
auto.cnf ibtmp1 mysql.sock.lock
ca-key.pem master.info performance_schema
ca.pem mysql private_key.pem
client-cert.pem mysql-node2-relay-bin.000002 public_key.pem
client-key.pem mysql-node2-relay-bin.000003 relay-log.info
ib_buffer_pool mysql-node2-relay-bin.index server-cert.pem
ibdata1 mysql-node2.timinglee.org.err server-key.pem
ib_logfile0 mysql-node2.timinglee.org.pid sys
ib_logfile1 mysql.sock tyw编辑主配置文件。打开GTID。保证ID强一致性。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
server-id=20
super_read_only=on
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=ON
slave-parallel-type=LOGICAL_CLOCK
slave-parallel-workers=16
master_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_recovery=ON注解：
slave-parallel-type=LOGICAL_CLOCK #基于组提交
slave-parallel-workers=16 #开启线程数量
master_info_repository=TABLE #master信息在表中记录，默认记录在/data/mysql//master.info
relay_log_info_repository=TABLE #回放日志信息在表中记录，默认记录在/data/mysql/relay-log.info
relay_log_recovery=ON #日志回放恢复功能开启重启数据库。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.... SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!进入数据库查看进程数量。可以看到20开启了16个进程来做日志回放。但最终进程数量的多少取决于CPU 硬件的优劣。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 20
Server version: 5.7.44 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show processlist;
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| 2 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates | NULL |
| 3 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 4 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 5 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 6 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 7 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 8 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 10 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 11 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 12 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 13 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 14 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 15 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 16 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 17 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 18 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 19 | system user | | NULL | Connect | 304 | Waiting for an event from Coordinator | NULL |
| 20 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | starting | show processlist |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
18 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@mysql-node2 ~]#半同步
gitd日志模式
在 master 端和 slave 端开启 gtid 模式。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
server-id=10
slow_query_log=on
log-bin=mysql-bin
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=ON
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL............ SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS![root@mysql-node3 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
server-id=30
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=ON
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!20之前配置过，只用重启就好了。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!10 登录数据库查看 master 状态。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.44-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000002
Position: 154
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM mysql.gtid_executed;
Empty set (0.00 sec)显示空，新开会话查看日志。看到显示 automatic 就可以不用管了。
[root@mysql-node1 mysql]# mysqlbinlog -vv /data/mysql/mysql-bin.000002重新设定20、30主机 slave 。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 20
Server version: 5.7.44 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> mysql> STOP SLAVE;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='172.25.254.10',
-> master_user='repl',
-> master_password='mysql',
-> master_auto_position=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)
mysql> START SLAVE;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.25.254.10
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_File: mysql-node2-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 367
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_Space: 580
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 10
Master_UUID: b6d1c60f-605d-11ef-b05a-000c2937a656
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 1
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> [root@mysql-node3 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.44 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> STOP SLAVE;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='172.25.254.10',
-> master_user='repl',
-> master_password='mysql',
-> master_auto_position=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
mysql> START SLAVE;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.25.254.10
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_File: mysql-node3-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 367
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_Space: 580
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 10
Master_UUID: b6d1c60f-605d-11ef-b05a-000c2937a656
Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 60
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more up
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 1
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 半同步模式
即使数据传输过程中出现网络波动延迟断线等问题也不会导致主从数据不一致。
编辑10配置文件。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
server-id=10
slow_query_log=on
log-bin=mysql-bin
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=ON
rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.7.44-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
#安装半同步插件
mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_master SONAME 'semisync_master.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#查看插件情况
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| tyw |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW TABLES FROM information_schema;
+---------------------------------------+
| Tables_in_information_schema |
+---------------------------------------+
| CHARACTER_SETS |
| COLLATIONS |
| COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY |
| COLUMNS |
| COLUMN_PRIVILEGES |
| ENGINES |
| EVENTS |
| FILES |
| GLOBAL_STATUS |
| GLOBAL_VARIABLES |
| KEY_COLUMN_USAGE |
| OPTIMIZER_TRACE |
| PARAMETERS |
| PARTITIONS |
| PLUGINS |
| PROCESSLIST |
| PROFILING |
| REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS |
| ROUTINES |
| SCHEMATA |
| SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES |
| SESSION_STATUS |
| SESSION_VARIABLES |
| STATISTICS |
| TABLES |
| TABLESPACES |
| TABLE_CONSTRAINTS |
| TABLE_PRIVILEGES |
| TRIGGERS |
| USER_PRIVILEGES |
| VIEWS |
| INNODB_LOCKS |
| INNODB_TRX |
| INNODB_SYS_DATAFILES |
| INNODB_FT_CONFIG |
| INNODB_SYS_VIRTUAL |
| INNODB_CMP |
| INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED |
| INNODB_CMP_RESET |
| INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX |
| INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET |
| INNODB_FT_DELETED |
| INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU |
| INNODB_LOCK_WAITS |
| INNODB_TEMP_TABLE_INFO |
| INNODB_SYS_INDEXES |
| INNODB_SYS_TABLES |
| INNODB_SYS_FIELDS |
| INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET |
| INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE |
| INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD |
| INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE |
| INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE |
| INNODB_SYS_TABLESPACES |
| INNODB_METRICS |
| INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN_COLS |
| INNODB_CMPMEM |
| INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS |
| INNODB_SYS_COLUMNS |
| INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN |
| INNODB_SYS_TABLESTATS |
+---------------------------------------+
61 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from information_schema.PLUGINS where PLUGIN_NAME LIKE '%semi%'\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
PLUGIN_NAME: rpl_semi_sync_master
PLUGIN_VERSION: 1.0
PLUGIN_STATUS: ACTIVE
PLUGIN_TYPE: REPLICATION
PLUGIN_TYPE_VERSION: 4.0
PLUGIN_LIBRARY: semisync_master.so
PLUGIN_LIBRARY_VERSION: 1.7
PLUGIN_AUTHOR: He Zhenxing
PLUGIN_DESCRIPTION: Semi-synchronous replication master
PLUGIN_LICENSE: GPL
LOAD_OPTION: ON
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#打开半同步功能
mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#查看半同步功能状态
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'rpl_semi_sync%';
+-------------------------------------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-------------------------------------------+------------+
| rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled | ON |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout | 10000 |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level | 32 |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count | 1 |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave | ON |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point | AFTER_SYNC |
+-------------------------------------------+------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'rpl_semi_sync%';
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_avg_wait_time | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_wait_time | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_waits | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_times | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_tx | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_status | ON |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_timefunc_failures | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_avg_wait_time | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_wait_time | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_waits | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_pos_backtraverse | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_sessions | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx | 0 |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit;
Bye
[root@mysql-node1 ~]#在20 slave 端设定半同步。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
server-id=20
#super_read_only=on
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=ON
#rpl_semi_sync_master_enable=1
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
server-id=20
#super_read_only=on
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=ON
rpl_semi_sync_master_enable=1
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.44 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_slave SONAME 'semisync_slave.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled =1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> STOP SLAVE IO_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> START SLAVE IO_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'rpl_semi_sync%';
+---------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+-------+
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled | ON |
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level | 32 |
+---------------------------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'Rpl_semi_sync%';
+----------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_slave_status | ON |
+----------------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 在30 slave 端设定半同步。
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
server-id=30
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=ON
rpl_semi_sync_master_enable=1
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.7.44 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_slave SONAME 'semisync_slave.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled =1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#重启io线程，半同步才能生效
mysql> STOP SLAVE IO_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#重启io线程，半同步才能生效
mysql> START SLAVE IO_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'rpl_semi_sync%';
+---------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+-------+
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled | ON |
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level | 32 |
+---------------------------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'Rpl_semi_sync%';
+----------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_slave_status | ON |
+----------------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
测试。10添加数据查看同步情况
mysql> SELECT * FROM tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> INSERT INTO tyw.tyw values('test2','222');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'Rpl_semi_sync%';
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients | 2 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_avg_wait_time | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_wait_time | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_waits | 2 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_times | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_tx | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_status | ON |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_timefunc_failures | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_avg_wait_time | 631 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_wait_time | 631 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_waits | 1 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_pos_backtraverse | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_sessions | 0 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx | 1 |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 20查看数据同步情况。有两个是因为之前20设置主从写的一个。
mysql> SELECT * FROM tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
| test2 | 222 |
| test2 | 222 |
+----------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)30查看数据同步情况。
mysql> SELECT * FROM tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
| test2 | 222 |
+----------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)模拟故障。20、30停止 IO 线程。
mysql> STOP SLAVE IO_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)此时10写入数据，会很卡顿。
mysql> INSERT INTO tyw.tyw values('test3','333');20、30 开启 IO 线程。
mysql> START SLAVE IO_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)10数据显示正常写入。
mysql> INSERT INTO tyw.tyw values('test3','333');
Query OK, 1 row affected (10.01 sec)此时20、30数据同步成功。
mysql> SELECT * FROM tyw.tyw;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| test1 | 111 |
| test2 | 222 |
| test2 | 222 |
| test3 | 333 |
+----------+----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)组复制
三台主机全部停掉 mysql 。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL............ SUCCESS!
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!删掉之前的实验数据，保证干净实验环境。如果在企业中要对数据做备份。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# rm -rf /data/mysql/*
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# rm -rf /data/mysql/*
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# rm -rf /data/mysql/*编辑主配置文件设置组复制模式。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
#rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1
disabled_storage_engines="MyISAM,BLACKHOLE,FEDERATED,ARCHIVE,MEMORY"
master_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_info_repository=TABLE
binlog_checksum=NONE
log_slave_updates=ON
log_bin=binlog
binlog_format=ROW
plugin_load_add='group_replication.so'
transaction_write_set_extraction=XXHASH64
group_replication_group_name="aaaaaaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaaaaaaaaaa"
group_replication_start_on_boot=off
group_replication_local-address="172.25.254.10:33061"group_replication_group_seeds="172.25.254.10:33061,172.25.254.20:33061,172.25.254.30:33061"
group_replication_ip_whitelist="172.25.254.0/24,127.0.0.1/8"
group_replication_bootstrap_group=off
group_replication_single_primary_mode=OFF
group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks=ON
group_replication_allow_local_disjoint_gtids_join=1进行数据初始化。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# mysql --user=mysql --initialize
mysql: [ERROR] unknown option '--initialize'
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# mysqld --user=mysql --initialize
2024-08-26T16:05:27.378958Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2024-08-26T16:05:28.254122Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2024-08-26T16:05:28.314260Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2024-08-26T16:05:28.391082Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 03200011-63c5-11ef-ac95-000c2937a656.
2024-08-26T16:05:28.391671Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2024-08-26T16:05:28.476112Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-26T16:05:28.476129Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-26T16:05:28.476431Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2024-08-26T16:05:28.511156Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: (GV5>mPWI-wo
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# 如果初始化报错要先删掉原来的错误数据再重新进行初始化。
rm -rf /data/mysql/*启用数据库。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/mysql-node1.timinglee.org.err'.
SUCCESS!用初始密码登录数据库
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'(GV5>mPWI-wo'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.44-log
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> 改密码。
mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'mysql';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)为了数据一致性要建立同步数据用的用户，为了安全这步操作不用记录在日志中，所以先关掉日志功能。
mysql> SET SQL_LOG_BIN=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)建立用户。
mysql> CREATE USER rpl_user@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'tyw';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)为建立的用户授权。
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO rpl_user@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)打开日志功能。
mysql> SET SQL_LOG_BIN=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)给主机分配组。
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_USER='rpl_user',MASTER_PASSWORD='mysql' FOR CHANNEL 'group_replication_recovery';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)启用组复制功能。
mysql> SET GLOBAL group_replication_bootstrap_group=ON;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)开启组复制功能。
mysql> START GROUP_REPLICATION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (2.04 sec)开启组复制功能后下次进入数据库就不用再设置启用了所以用命令把它关掉。
mysql> SET GLOBAL group_replication_bootstrap_group=OFF;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)查看组复制操作的信息记录。
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members;
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------+--------------+
| CHANNEL_NAME | MEMBER_ID | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------+--------------+
| group_replication_applier | 03200011-63c5-11ef-ac95-000c2937a656 | mysql-node1.timinglee.org | 3306 | ONLINE |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit;
Bye
[root@mysql-node1 ~]#3台主机做本地解析，提高数据同步速度。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
172.25.254.10 mysql-node1.timinglee.org
172.25.254.20 mysql-node2.timinglee.org
172.25.254.30 mysql-node3.timinglee.org[root@mysql-node2 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
172.25.254.10 mysql-node1.timinglee.org
172.25.254.20 mysql-node2.timinglee.org
172.25.254.30 mysql-node3.timinglee.org[root@mysql-node3 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
172.25.254.10 mysql-node1.timinglee.org
172.25.254.20 mysql-node2.timinglee.org
172.25.254.30 mysql-node3.timinglee.org10复制基本配置到20、30。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf root@172.25.254.20:/etc/my.cnf
root@172.25.254.20's password:
my.cnf 100% 963 1.1MB/s 00:00
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf root@172.25.254.30:/etc/my.cnf
root@172.25.254.30's password:
my.cnf 100% 963 1.5MB/s 00:00 20主机操作。
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
server-id=20
#slow_query_log=on
#log-bin=mysql-bin
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=ON
#rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1
disabled_storage_engines="MyISAM,BLACKHOLE,FEDERATED,ARCHIVE,MEMORY"
master_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_info_repository=TABLE
binlog_checksum=NONE
log_slave_updates=ON
log_bin=binlog
binlog_format=ROW
plugin_load_add='group_replication.so'
transaction_write_set_extraction=XXHASH64
group_replication_group_name="aaaaaaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaaaaaaaaaa"
group_replication_start_on_boot=off
group_replication_local-address="172.25.254.20:33061"
group_replication_group_seeds="172.25.254.10:33061,172.25.254.20:33061,172.25.254.30:33061"
group_replication_ip_whitelist="172.25.254.0/24,127.0.0.1/8"
group_replication_bootstrap_group=off
group_replication_single_primary_mode=OFF
group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks=ON
group_replication_allow_local_disjoint_gtids_join=1
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# mysqld --user=mysql --initialize
2024-08-26T16:40:55.786064Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2024-08-26T16:40:55.929122Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2024-08-26T16:40:55.952689Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2024-08-26T16:40:56.016896Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: f749ef58-63c9-11ef-8f23-000c2957fcc4.
2024-08-26T16:40:56.017573Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2024-08-26T16:40:56.192636Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-26T16:40:56.192653Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-26T16:40:56.192972Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2024-08-26T16:40:56.211746Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: lGruzYtBW3&o
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/mysql-node2.timinglee.org.err'.
SUCCESS!
[root@mysql-node2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'lGruzYtBW3&o'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.44-log
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'mysql';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SET SQL_LOG_BIN=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> CREATE USER rpl_user@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'tyw';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO rpl_user@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SET SQL_LOG_BIN=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_USER='rpl_user',MASTER_PASSWORD='mysql' FOR CHANNEL 'group_replication_recovery';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
mysql> START GROUP_REPLICATION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (6.05 sec)
mysql>10查看。
[root@mysql-node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 23
Server version: 5.7.44-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members;
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------+--------------+
| CHANNEL_NAME | MEMBER_ID | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------+--------------+
| group_replication_applier | 03200011-63c5-11ef-ac95-000c2937a656 | mysql-node1.timinglee.org | 3306 | ONLINE |
| group_replication_applier | f749ef58-63c9-11ef-8f23-000c2957fcc4 | mysql-node2.timinglee.org | 3306 | RECOVERING |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+-------------+--------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 30主机操作。
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
server-id=30
#slow_query_log=on
#log-bin=mysql-bin
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=ON
#rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1
disabled_storage_engines="MyISAM,BLACKHOLE,FEDERATED,ARCHIVE,MEMORY"
master_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_info_repository=TABLE
binlog_checksum=NONE
log_slave_updates=ON
log_bin=binlog
binlog_format=ROW
plugin_load_add='group_replication.so'
transaction_write_set_extraction=XXHASH64
group_replication_group_name="aaaaaaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaaaaaaaaaa"
group_replication_start_on_boot=off
group_replication_local-address="172.25.254.30:33061"
group_replication_group_seeds="172.25.254.10:33061,172.25.254.20:33061,172.25.254.30:33061"
group_replication_ip_whitelist="172.25.254.0/24,127.0.0.1/8"
group_replication_bootstrap_group=off
group_replication_single_primary_mode=OFF
group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks=ON
group_replication_allow_local_disjoint_gtids_join=1
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# ls /data/mysql/
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# mysqld --user=mysql --initialize
2024-08-26T16:55:49.327377Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2024-08-26T16:55:49.706384Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2024-08-26T16:55:49.773322Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2024-08-26T16:55:49.871540Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 0c115476-63cc-11ef-8ff8-000c299d79e3.
2024-08-26T16:55:49.872018Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2024-08-26T16:55:50.022520Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-26T16:55:50.022536Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-26T16:55:50.022967Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2024-08-26T16:55:50.059570Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: /r&Qq3IbLT#l
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/mysql-node3.timinglee.org.err'.
SUCCESS!
[root@mysql-node3 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'/r&Qq3IbLT#l'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.44-log
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'mysql';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> 10查看。