目录
[添加 read 系统调用,获取键盘输入 :sys_read](#添加 read 系统调用,获取键盘输入 :sys_read)
我们下面来实现一个简单的shell
添加 read 系统调用,获取键盘输入 :sys_read
cpp
/* Read count bytes from the file pointed to by file descriptor fd into buf,
* return the number of bytes read on success, return -1 if end of file is
* reached
*/
int32_t sys_read(int32_t fd, void *buf, uint32_t count)
{
KERNEL_ASSERT(buf);
int32_t ret = -1;
uint32_t global_fd = 0;
if (fd < 0 || fd == stdout_no || fd == stderr_no)
{
ccos_printk("sys_read: fd error\n");
}
else if (fd == stdin_no)
{
char *buffer = buf;
uint32_t bytes_read = 0;
while (bytes_read < count)
{
*buffer = ioq_getchar(&keyboard_ringbuffer);
bytes_read++;
buffer++;
}
ret = (bytes_read == 0 ? -1 : (int32_t)bytes_read);
}
else
{
global_fd = fd_local2global(fd);
ret = file_read(&file_table[global_fd], buf, count);
}
return ret;
}
我们终于跟老朋友见面了。我们修订一下:sys_read,现在实现了读取文件的功能。它首先检查传入的 buf
指针是否有效。如果文件描述符 fd
无效(例如小于0或者是标准输出、标准错误),则会打印错误信息。如果文件描述符是标准输入(stdin_no
),函数会从键盘输入的缓冲区 keyboard_ringbuffer
中读取字符,将其存入 buf
中,直到读取指定的字节数或达到文件末尾。函数会返回成功读取的字节数,如果没有读取到任何数据,返回 -1
。如果文件描述符不是标准输入,函数会根据 fd
获取对应的文件,并调用 file_read
函数来执行实际的读取操作,并返回成功读取的字节数。如果文件读取失败,返回 -1
。
cpp
int32_t read(int32_t fd, void *buf, uint32_t count)
{
return _syscall3(SYS_READ, fd, buf, count);
}
putchar和clear
这个把我们之前做的工作编程系统调用即可
cpp
/* Outputs a character */
void putchar(char char_asci) {
_syscall1(SYS_PUTCHAR, char_asci);
}
/* Clears the screen */
void clear(void) {
_syscall0(SYS_CLEAR);
}
void sys_putchar(char char_asci)
{
console__ccos_putchar(char_asci);
}
/* Initialize the system call table */
void syscall_init(void) {
verbose_ccputs(
"syscall_init start\n"); // Logging the start of syscall initialization
/* Set the system call table entries for various system call numbers */
syscall_table[SYS_GETPID] = sys_getpid; // Get process ID
syscall_table[SYS_WRITE] = sys_write; // Write to console
syscall_table[SYS_MALLOC] = sys_malloc; // Memory allocation
syscall_table[SYS_FREE] = sys_free; // Free allocated memory
syscall_table[SYS_FORK] = sys_fork; // Fork a new process
syscall_table[SYS_READ] = sys_read;
syscall_table[SYS_PUTCHAR] = sys_putchar;
syscall_table[SYS_CLEAR] = clean_screen;
verbose_ccputs("syscall_init done\n"); // Logging the completion of syscall
// initialization
}
上班:实现一个简单的shell
cpp
#include "include/user/ccshell/ccshell.h"
#include "include/defines.h"
#include "include/filesystem/file.h"
#include "include/library/string.h"
#include "include/library/types.h"
#include "include/syscall/syscall.h"
#include "include/user/stdio/stdio.h"
#include "include/filesystem/filesystem_settings.h"
#include "include/user/library/user_assertion.h"
#define CMD_LEN MAX_PATH_LEN
#define MAX_ARG_NR (16)
/* Stores the input command */
static char cmd_line[CMD_LEN] = {0};
/* Used to record the current directory; it is updated every time the cd command
* is executed */
char cwd_cache[MAX_PATH_LEN] = {0};
/* Outputs the shell prompt */
void print_prompt(void)
{
printf("[" HOST_NAME "@localhost %s]$ ", cwd_cache);
}
/* Reads up to 'count' bytes from the keyboard buffer into 'buf' */
static void readline(char *buf, int32_t count)
{
user_assert(buf && count > 0);
char *pos = buf;
while (read(stdin_no, pos, 1) != -1 &&
(pos - buf) < count)
{ // Read until enter key is found
switch (*pos)
{
/* If enter or newline is found, treat it as the end of the command
*/
case '\n':
case '\r':
*pos = 0; // Add null terminator to cmd_line
putchar('\n');
return;
case '\b':
if (cmd_line[0] != '\b')
{ // Prevent deleting non-inputted data
--pos; // Move back to the previous character in the buffer
putchar('\b');
}
break;
/* For other characters, output normally */
default:
putchar(*pos);
pos++;
}
}
printf("readline: can't find enter_key in the cmd_line, max num of char is "
"128\n");
}
先说说readline:这段代码实现了一个从键盘缓冲区读取用户输入的功能。函数readline
的作用是从输入流中读取字符,直到遇到回车键(\n
或 \r
)为止,或者读取达到指定的字节数限制。读取的内容会存储到buf
中。具体步骤如下:
-
函数首先检查传入的缓冲区指针
buf
是否有效,并确认count
大于0。 -
while
循环会持续读取一个字符(通过read(stdin_no, pos, 1)
),直到读取到回车键或达到指定的字符数量(count
)。读取的字符会存储在buf
中。 -
当遇到回车符(
\n
或\r
)时,表示用户输入完成,此时将当前位置字符设置为'\0'
,并输出换行符,表示命令输入结束。 -
如果遇到退格符(
\b
),程序会检查输入内容是否为空。如果不为空,指针会退回一个字符,删除命令行中的最后一个字符,并输出退格符。此功能允许用户删除输入的字符。 -
其他字符直接输出并追加到
pos
指向的位置,继续读取下一个字符。 -
如果没有在指定字符数内读取到回车键,则会输出错误提示,表明命令行输入超出了最大字符限制。
这个函数的设计使得用户可以在命令行中输入命令,且支持基本的退格功能,直到按下回车键为止。
ccshell是我们的核心:
cpp
void ccshell(void)
{
cwd_cache[0] = '/';
while (1)
{
print_prompt();
k_memset(cmd_line, 0, CMD_LEN);
readline(cmd_line, CMD_LEN);
if (cmd_line[0] == 0)
{
continue;
}
}
user_panic("Man!: you should not be here!!!");
}
这段代码实现了一个简单的命令行shell功能。函数ccshell
定义了一个无限循环,其中每次循环都会显示提示符,等待用户输入命令。命令输入通过readline
函数完成,读取用户输入并存储到cmd_line
中。每次读取命令之前,cmd_line
会被清空,确保新命令不会受到旧命令的影响。如果用户没有输入命令,程序会跳过本次循环。当用户输入命令时,如果命令不为空,程序会继续执行。虽然代码没有明确的退出机制,但如果程序异常执行到user_panic("Man!: you should not be here!!!")
,说明发生了错误。
测试上电
cpp
#include "include/device/console_tty.h"
#include "include/kernel/init.h"
#include "include/library/kernel_assert.h"
#include "include/thread/thread.h"
#include "include/user/stdio/stdio.h"
#include "include/memory/memory.h"
#include "include/library/ccos_print.h"
#include "include/filesystem/filesystem.h"
#include "include/library/string.h"
#include "include/filesystem/dir.h"
#include "include/syscall/syscall.h"
#include "include/user/ccshell/ccshell.h"
void init(void);
int main(void)
{
init_all();
while(1);
}
// init process here
void init(void)
{
uint32_t ret_pid = fork();
if (ret_pid)
{
while(1);
}
else
{
ccshell();
}
while (1)
;
}

注意多敲几下键盘,因为输出非常多。