Manus AI 原理深度解析第三篇：Tools

前言

在前两篇文章里面，介绍了Manus的Prompt Manus AI 原理深度解析第一篇：Prompt以及 Modules & Agent LoopManus AI 原理深度解析第二篇：Modules & Agent Loop，那么这一篇就介绍剩下的Tools了。

Tools 是 Manus 与外部环境交互的具体执行单元，覆盖文件、终端、浏览器、网络等操作，支持多语言和多场景需求。接下来不多废话，直入主题分析。

Message Tools

用于处理用户消息的工具类。

message_notify_user

向用户发送一条无需回复的消息的工作。

用于确认收到消息、提供进度更新、报告任务完成情况或解释方法变更。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "message_notify_user",
      "description": "Send a message to user without requiring a response. Use for acknowledging receipt of messages, providing progress updates, reporting task completion, or explaining changes in approach.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "text": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Message text to display to user"
          },
          "attachments": {
            "anyOf": [
              {"type": "string"},
              {"items": {"type": "string"}, "type": "array"}
            ],
            "description": "(Optional) List of attachments to show to user, can be file paths or URLs"
          }
        },
        "required": ["text"]
      }
    }
  }

message_ask_user

向用户提问并等待回复的工具。

用于请求澄清、确认或收集更多信息。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "message_ask_user",
      "description": "Ask user a question and wait for response. Use for requesting clarification, asking for confirmation, or gathering additional information.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "text": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Question text to present to user"
          },
          "attachments": {
            "anyOf": [
              {"type": "string"},
              {"items": {"type": "string"}, "type": "array"}
            ],
            "description": "(Optional) List of question-related files or reference materials"
          },
          "suggest_user_takeover": {
            "type": "string",
            "enum": ["none", "browser"],
            "description": "(Optional) Suggested operation for user takeover"
          }
        },
        "required": ["text"]
      }
    }
  }

File Processing Tools

用于处理文件的工具类。

file_read

读取文件内容的工具。

用于检查文件内容、分析日志或读取配置文件。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "file_read",
      "description": "Read file content. Use for checking file contents, analyzing logs, or reading configuration files.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "file": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Absolute path of the file to read"
          },
          "start_line": {
            "type": "integer",
            "description": "(Optional) Starting line to read from, 0-based"
          },
          "end_line": {
            "type": "integer",
            "description": "(Optional) Ending line number (exclusive)"
          },
          "sudo": {
            "type": "boolean",
            "description": "(Optional) Whether to use sudo privileges"
          }
        },
        "required": ["file"]
      }
    }
  }

file_write

覆盖或附加内容到文件的工具。

用于创建新文件、附加内容或修改现有文件。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "file_write",
      "description": "Overwrite or append content to a file. Use for creating new files, appending content, or modifying existing files.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "file": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Absolute path of the file to write to"
          },
          "content": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Text content to write"
          },
          "append": {
            "type": "boolean",
            "description": "(Optional) Whether to use append mode"
          },
          "leading_newline": {
            "type": "boolean",
            "description": "(Optional) Whether to add a leading newline"
          },
          "trailing_newline": {
            "type": "boolean",
            "description": "(Optional) Whether to add a trailing newline"
          },
          "sudo": {
            "type": "boolean",
            "description": "(Optional) Whether to use sudo privileges"
          }
        },
        "required": ["file", "content"]
      }
    }
  }

file_str_replace

替换文件中的指定字符串的工具。

用于更新文件中的特定内容或修复代码中的错误。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "file_str_replace",
      "description": "Replace specified string in a file. Use for updating specific content in files or fixing errors in code.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "file": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Absolute path of the file to perform replacement on"
          },
          "old_str": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Original string to be replaced"
          },
          "new_str": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "New string to replace with"
          },
          "sudo": {
            "type": "boolean",
            "description": "(Optional) Whether to use sudo privileges"
          }
        },
        "required": ["file", "old_str", "new_str"]
      }
    }
  }

file_find_in_content

在文件内容中搜索匹配的文本工具。

用于查找文件中的特定内容或模式。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "file_find_in_content",
      "description": "Search for matching text within file content. Use for finding specific content or patterns in files.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "file": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Absolute path of the file to search within"
          },
          "regex": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Regular expression pattern to match"
          },
          "sudo": {
            "type": "boolean",
            "description": "(Optional) Whether to use sudo privileges"
          }
        },
        "required": ["file", "regex"]
      }
    }
  }

file_find_by_name

在指定目录中按名称模式查找文件的工具。

用于定位具有特定命名模式的文件。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "file_find_by_name",
      "description": "Find files by name pattern in specified directory. Use for locating files with specific naming patterns.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "path": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Absolute path of directory to search"
          },
          "glob": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Filename pattern using glob syntax wildcards"
          }
        },
        "required": ["path", "glob"]
      }
    }
  }

Bash/Shell Tools

用于命令行等操作的工具类。

shell_exec

在指定的 shell 会话中执行命令的工具。

用于运行代码、安装包或管理文件。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "shell_exec",
      "description": "Execute commands in a specified shell session. Use for running code, installing packages, or managing files.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "id": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Unique identifier of the target shell session"
          },
          "exec_dir": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Working directory for command execution (must use absolute path)"
          },
          "command": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Shell command to execute"
          }
        },
        "required": ["id", "exec_dir", "command"]
      }
    }
  }

shell_view

查看指定 shell 会话的内容的工具。

用于检查命令执行结果或监控输出。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "shell_view",
      "description": "View the content of a specified shell session. Use for checking command execution results or monitoring output.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "id": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Unique identifier of the target shell session"
          }
        },
        "required": ["id"]
      }
    }
  }

shell_wait

等待指定 shell 会话中正在运行的进程返回的工具。

在运行需要较长运行时间的命令后使用。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "shell_wait",
      "description": "Wait for the running process in a specified shell session to return. Use after running commands that require longer runtime.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "id": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Unique identifier of the target shell session"
          },
          "seconds": {
            "type": "integer",
            "description": "Wait duration in seconds"
          }
        },
        "required": ["id"]
      }
    }
  }

shell_write_to_process

将输入写入指定 shell 会话中正在运行的进程的工具。

用于响应交互式命令提示符。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "shell_write_to_process",
      "description": "Write input to a running process in a specified shell session. Use for responding to interactive command prompts.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "id": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Unique identifier of the target shell session"
          },
          "input": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Input content to write to the process"
          },
          "press_enter": {
            "type": "boolean",
            "description": "Whether to press Enter key after input"
          }
        },
        "required": ["id", "input", "press_enter"]
      }
    }
  }

shell_kill_process

终止指定 shell 会话中正在运行的进程的工具。

用于停止长时间运行的进程或处理冻结的命令。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "shell_kill_process",
      "description": "Terminate a running process in a specified shell session. Use for stopping long-running processes or handling frozen commands.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "id": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Unique identifier of the target shell session"
          }
        },
        "required": ["id"]
      }
    }
  }

Browser-use Tools

用于浏览器处理相关的工具。

browser_view

查看当前浏览器页面的内容的工具。用于检查之前打开的页面的最新状态。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "browser_view",
      "description": "View content of the current browser page. Use for checking the latest state of previously opened pages.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object"
      }
    }
  }

browser_navigate

将浏览器导航至指定的 URL的工具。

需要访问新页面时使用。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "browser_navigate",
      "description": "Navigate browser to specified URL. Use when accessing new pages is needed.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "url": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Complete URL to visit. Must include protocol prefix."
          }
        },
        "required": ["url"]
      }
    }
  }

browser_restart

重启浏览器并导航到指定的 URL的工具。

当需要重置浏览器状态时使用。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "browser_restart",
      "description": "Restart browser and navigate to specified URL. Use when browser state needs to be reset.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "url": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Complete URL to visit after restart. Must include protocol prefix."
          }
        },
        "required": ["url"]
      }
    }
  }

browser_click

点击当前浏览器页面中的元素的工具。

需要点击页面元素时使用。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "browser_click",
      "description": "Click on elements in the current browser page. Use when clicking page elements is needed.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "index": {
            "type": "integer",
            "description": "(Optional) Index number of the element to click"
          },
          "coordinate_x": {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "(Optional) X coordinate of click position"
          },
          "coordinate_y": {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "(Optional) Y coordinate of click position"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

browser_input

覆盖当前浏览器页面上可编辑元素中的文本的工具。

在输入字段中填充内容时使用。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "browser_input",
      "description": "Overwrite text in editable elements on the current browser page. Use when filling content in input fields.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "index": {
            "type": "integer",
            "description": "(Optional) Index number of the element to overwrite text"
          },
          "coordinate_x": {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "(Optional) X coordinate of the element to overwrite text"
          },
          "coordinate_y": {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "(Optional) Y coordinate of the element to overwrite text"
          },
          "text": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Complete text content to overwrite"
          },
          "press_enter": {
            "type": "boolean",
            "description": "Whether to press Enter key after input"
          }
        },
        "required": ["text", "press_enter"]
      }
    }
  }

browser_move_mouse

将光标移动到当前浏览器页面上的指定位置的工具。

用于模拟用户鼠标移动。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "browser_move_mouse",
      "description": "Move cursor to specified position on the current browser page. Use when simulating user mouse movement.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "coordinate_x": {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "X coordinate of target cursor position"
          },
          "coordinate_y": {
            "type": "number",
            "description": "Y coordinate of target cursor position"
          }
        },
        "required": ["coordinate_x", "coordinate_y"]
      }
    }
  }

browser_press_key

在当前浏览器页面中模拟按键操作的工具。

当需要特定的键盘操作时使用。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "browser_press_key",
      "description": "Simulate key press in the current browser page. Use when specific keyboard operations are needed.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "key": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Key name to simulate (e.g., Enter, Tab, ArrowUp), supports key combinations (e.g., Control+Enter)."
          }
        },
        "required": ["key"]
      }
    }
  }

browser_select_option

从当前浏览器页面的下拉列表元素中选择特定选项的工具。

用于选择下拉菜单选项。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "browser_select_option",
      "description": "Select specified option from dropdown list element in the current browser page. Use when selecting dropdown menu options.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "index": {
            "type": "integer",
            "description": "Index number of the dropdown list element"
          },
          "option": {
            "type": "integer",
            "description": "Option number to select, starting from 0."
          }
        },
        "required": ["index", "option"]
      }
    }
  }

browser_scroll_up

向上滚动当前浏览器页面的工具。

用于查看上方内容或返回页面顶部。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "browser_scroll_up",
      "description": "Scroll up the current browser page. Use when viewing content above or returning to page top.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "to_top": {
            "type": "boolean",
            "description": "(Optional) Whether to scroll directly to page top instead of one viewport up."
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

browser_scroll_down

向下滚动当前浏览器页面的工具。

用于查看下方内容或跳转至页面底部。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "browser_scroll_down",
      "description": "Scroll down the current browser page. Use when viewing content below or jumping to page bottom.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "to_bottom": {
            "type": "boolean",
            "description": "(Optional) Whether to scroll directly to page bottom instead of one viewport down."
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

browser_console_exec

在浏览器控制台中执行 JavaScript 代码的工具。

当需要执行自定义脚本时使用。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "browser_console_exec",
      "description": "Execute JavaScript code in browser console. Use when custom scripts need to be executed.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "javascript": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "JavaScript code to execute. Note that the runtime environment is browser console."
          }
        },
        "required": ["javascript"]
      }
    }
  }

browser_console_view

查看浏览器控制台输出的工具。

用于检查 JavaScript 日志或调试页面错误。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "browser_console_view",
      "description": "View browser console output. Use when checking JavaScript logs or debugging page errors.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "max_lines": {
            "type": "integer",
            "description": "(Optional) Maximum number of log lines to return."
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

Web Search Tools

用于联网搜索的工具类。

info_search_web

使用搜索引擎搜索网页的工具。

用于获取最新信息或查找参考资料。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "info_search_web",
      "description": "Search web pages using search engine. Use for obtaining latest information or finding references.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "query": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Search query in Google search style, using 3-5 keywords."
          },
          "date_range": {
            "type": "string",
            "enum": ["all", "past_hour", "past_day", "past_week", "past_month", "past_year"],
            "description": "(Optional) Time range filter for search results."
          }
        },
        "required": ["query"]
      }
    }
  }

Deploy Tools

用于部署、启动项目的工具类。

deploy_expose_port

公开指定的本地端口以进行临时公共访问的工具。

用于为服务提供临时公共访问。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "deploy_expose_port",
      "description": "Expose specified local port for temporary public access. Use when providing temporary public access for services.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "port": {
            "type": "integer",
            "description": "Local port number to expose"
          }
        },
        "required": ["port"]
      }
    }
  },

deploy_apply_deployment

将网站或应用程序部署到公共生产环境的工具。

用于部署或更新静态网站或应用程序。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "deploy_apply_deployment",
      "description": "Deploy website or application to public production environment. Use when deploying or updating static websites or applications.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "type": {
            "type": "string",
            "enum": ["static", "nextjs"],
            "description": "Type of website or application to deploy."
          },
          "local_dir": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Absolute path of local directory to deploy."
          }
        },
        "required": ["type", "local_dir"]
      }
    }
  }

Other Tools

补充其他必要与非必要操作的工具类。

make_manus_page

从本地 MDX 文件制作手册页的工具。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "make_manus_page",
      "description": "Make a Manus Page from a local MDX file.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "mdx_file_path": {
            "type": "string",
            "description": "Absolute path of the source MDX file"
          }
        },
        "required": ["mdx_file_path"]
      }
    }
  }

idle

一种特殊工具，用于指示您已完成所有任务并即将进入空闲状态。

  {
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
      "name": "idle",
      "description": "A special tool to indicate you have completed all tasks and are about to enter idle state.",
      "parameters": {
        "type": "object"
      }
    }
  }

附录

Brwoser-use Framework

OpenManus架构图

AI Agent 基础架构