mysql的安装方式

1.yum/apt安装

yum安装：

先搭建yum仓库，可以在清华源内找：mysql | 镜像站使用帮助 | 清华大学开源软件镜像站 | Tsinghua Open Source Mirror

复制代码

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql.repo

[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=https://mirrors4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-connectors-community-el7-$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
#gpgkey=https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=https://mirrors4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-tools-community-el7-$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
#gpgkey=https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

[mysql-8.0-community]
name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
baseurl=https://mirrors4.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-8.0-community-el7-$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
#gpgkey=https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022


yum clean all && yum makecache

yum -y install mysql-community-server
systemctl restart mysqld

mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:#有默认密码
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

grep 'password' /var/log/mysqld.log#查找默认密码
2025-05-19T05:58:19.671784Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: LzhxwqH_B88t
# LzhxwqH_B88t 就是默认密码，每一个符号都是
mysql -uroot -p'LzhxwqH_B88t'

进入Mysql数据库
#修改密码
set global validate_password_policy=0;
set global validate_password_length=1;
alter user root@'localhost' identified by 'abc123';
#ctrl + d 退出，使用新密码再次进入Mysql
mysql -uroot -p'abc123'

注意：使用的密码是唯一的，每一个人的密码都是独一无二的密码。

apt安装：

相较于yum安装，apt安装更加的简便

复制代码

apt update
apt install -y mysql-server-8.0

systemctl start mysql

mysql -uroot -p#默认没有密码

2.二进制包安装

需要在社区网站上找到你需要的版本

社区网址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

复制代码

tar xf  mysql-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

yum -y remove mysql-libs#卸载mysql的基础库包
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

systemctl start mysqld
systemctl status mysqld
mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

#查找密码
grep 'password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-05-19T07:08:50.697894Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: kQeti2N.FlAG
'kQeti2N.FlAG' #每一个字符都是密码

mysql -uroot -p'kQeti2N.FlAG'

#进入mysql数据库
set global validate_password_policy=0;
set global validate_password_length=1;
alter user root@'localhost' identified by 'abc123';

#使用'ctrl + d'退出；使用新密码'abc123'来登录mysql数据库

mysql -uroot -p'abc123'

3.编译安装

安装时间较长，并不建议

复制代码

tar xf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz		#解压压缩包

cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1


make -j2 #大概需要20分钟编译不要忘记安装
make install#记得安装

cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/						 #复制service文件；使得mysql可以使用systemctl来启动

systemctl daemon-reload							#重新读取service
systemctl start mysqld.service					#启动mysql
systemctl status mysqld							#查看当前mysql状态

mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"  		#-u指定用户，-p设置密码；若不设置密码可以直接使用mysql