Ubuntu 软件仓库地址:https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/
在 Ubuntu 24.04 之前,Ubuntu 的软件源配置文件使用传统的 One-Line-Style,路径为 /etc/apt/sources.list;从 Ubuntu 24.04 开始,Ubuntu 的软件源配置文件变更为 DEB822 格式,路径为 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources。
我正在使用什么版本的 Ubuntu?
可以通过以下命令查看当前系统版本:
cat /etc/os-release
例如在 Ubuntu 24.04 下,文件内容如下:
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION_ID="24.04"
VERSION="24.04.1 LTS (Noble Numbat)"
VERSION_CODENAME=noble
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=noble
LOGO=ubuntu-logo
VERSION_ID 后面的版本号即为当前系统版本,VERSION_CODENAME 后面的是代号。代号在软件源配置文件中会被使用。请注意在下面的配置中选择符合你的机器的版本号,在替换配置前确认代号一致,否则之后的更新操作可能导致系统出现问题。
配置内容
将系统自带的对应文件做个备份,然后根据格式的选择下面对应的内容替换,即可使用选择的软件源镜像。
传统格式(/etc/apt/sources.list)
Ubuntu 版本 Ubuntu 24.04LTS
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度,如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置,如有需要可自行修改注释切换
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ noble-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ noble-security main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源,不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
DEB822 格式(/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources)
Ubuntu 版本 Ubuntu 24.04LTS
Types: deb
URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu
Suites: noble noble-updates noble-backports
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度,如有需要可自行取消注释
# Types: deb-src
# URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu
# Suites: noble noble-updates noble-backports
# Components: main restricted universe multiverse
# Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置,如有需要可自行修改注释切换
Types: deb
URIs: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
Suites: noble-security
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
# Types: deb-src
# URIs: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
# Suites: noble-security
# Components: main restricted universe multiverse
# Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
# 预发布软件源,不建议启用
# Types: deb
# URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu
# Suites: noble-proposed
# Components: main restricted universe multiverse
# Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
# # Types: deb-src
# # URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu
# # Suites: noble-proposed
# # Components: main restricted universe multiverse
# # Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
因镜像站同步有延迟,可能会导致生产环境系统不能及时检查、安装上最新的安全更新,不建议替换 security 源。
建议还是去第一行官网查看配置,那里可以选择不同Ubuntu版本。