Replicaset控制器
建立控制器
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl create deployment webcluster --image myapp:v1 --dry-run=client -o yaml > repset.yml
[root@K8S-master ~]# vim repset.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: ReplicaSet
metadata:
labels:
app: webcluster
name: webcluster
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: webcluster
# strategy: {}
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: webcluster
spec:
containers:
- image: myapp:v1
name: myapp
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl apply -f repset.yml
#打开一个新的shell
[root@K8S-master ~]# watch -n 1 kubectl get pods --show-labels
Every 1.0s: kubectl get pods --show-labels master: Sat Apr 11 10:08:32 2026
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE LABELS
webcluster-77c87d9946-296p5 1/1 Running 0 23m app=webcluster,pod-template-hash=77c87d9946
webcluster-77c87d9946-lpsf9 1/1 Running 0 21m app=webcluster,pod-template-hash=77c87d9946测试功能
[root@K8S-master ~]# vim repset.yml
。。。。
spec:
replicas: 4
。。。。
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl apply -f repset.yml
[root@K8S-master ~]# watch -n 1 kubectl get pods --show-labels
Every 1.0s: kubectl get pods --show-labels master: Sat Apr 11 10:11:06 2026
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE LABELS
webcluster-77c87d9946-296p5 1/1 Running 0 24m app=webcluster,pod-template-hash=77c87d9946
webcluster-77c87d9946-ckwz2 1/1 Running 0 3s app=webcluster,pod-template-hash=77c87d9946
webcluster-77c87d9946-lpsf9 1/1 Running 0 22m app=webcluster,pod-template-hash=77c87d9946
webcluster-77c87d9946-xtdbd 1/1 Running 0 3s app=webcluster,pod-template-hash=77c87d9946
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl label pods webcluster-77c87d9946-296p5 app-
pod/webcluster-77c87d9946-296p5 unlabeled
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get pods --show-labels
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE LABELS
webcluster-77c87d9946-296p5 1/1 Running 0 26m pod-template-hash=77c87d9946
webcluster-77c87d9946-chlgv 1/1 Running 0 37s app=webcluster,pod-template-hash=77c87d9946
webcluster-77c87d9946-lpsf9 1/1 Running 0 24m app=webcluster,pod-template-hash=77c87d9946
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl label pods webcluster-77c87d9946-296p5 app=webcluster
pod/webcluster-77c87d9946-296p5 labeled
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get pods --show-labels
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE LABELS
webcluster-77c87d9946-296p5 1/1 Running 0 26m app=webcluster,pod-template-hash=77c87d9946
webcluster-77c87d9946-lpsf9 1/1 Running 0 24m app=webcluster,pod-template-hash=77c87d9946
deployment
监控
[root@K8S-master ~]# watch -n 1 " kubectl get pods --show-labels;echo ====;kubectl get replicasets.apps"建立deployment控制器
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl create deployment webcluster --image myapp:v1 --dry-run=client -o yaml > deployment.yml
[root@K8S-master ~]# vim deployment.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
app: webcluster
name: webcluster
spec:
minReadySeconds: 5
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: webcluster
# strategy: {}
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: webcluster
spec:
containers:
- image: myapp:v1
name: myapp
# resources: {}
[[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl apply -f deployment.yml
#监控部分显示效果
Every 1.0s: kubectl get pods --show-labels;echo ====;kubectl get replicase... master: Sat Apr 11 10:43:24 2026
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE LABELS
webcluster-77c87d9946-5xktb 1/1 Running 0 49s app=webcluster,pod-template-hash=77c87d9946
webcluster-77c87d9946-ll6bf 1/1 Running 0 55s app=webcluster,pod-template-hash=77c87d9946
====
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
webcluster-6c8b4bb9d7 0 0 0 3m39s
webcluster-77c87d9946 2 2 2 12m
#发布服务
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl expose deployment webcluster --port 80 --target-port 80
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl describe services webcluster
Name: webcluster
Namespace: default
Labels: app=webcluster
Annotations: <none>
Selector: app=webcluster
Type: ClusterIP
IP Family Policy: SingleStack
IP Families: IPv4
IP: 10.96.117.18
IPs: 10.96.117.18
Port: <unset> 80/TCP
TargetPort: 80/TCP
Endpoints: 10.244.1.7:80,10.244.2.28:80
Session Affinity: None
Internal Traffic Policy: Cluster
Events: <none>
#访问：
[root@K8S-master ~]# curl 10.107.142.60
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl exec -it webcluster-77c87d9946-pjp9d -- wget -O- -T 3 http://localhost:80
Connecting to localhost:80 (127.0.0.1:80)
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
- 100% |*******************************************************| 65 0:00:00 ETA升级和回滚
#升级
[root@K8S-master ~]# vim deployment.yml
。。。。
spec:
minReadySeconds: 5
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: webcluster
# strategy: {}
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: webcluster
spec:
containers:
- image: myapp:v2 #升级为版本2
name: myapp
。。。。
[root@master controler]# kubectl apply -f dep.yml
deployment.apps/webcluster configured
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl exec -it webcluster-6c8b4bb9d7-knzqj -- wget -O- -T 3 http://localhost:80
Connecting to localhost:80 (127.0.0.1:80)
Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
- 100% |*******************************| 65 0:00:00 ETA
#回滚
[root@master controler]# deployment.yml
。。。。
spec:
minReadySeconds: 5
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: webcluster
# strategy: {}
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: webcluster
spec:
containers:
- image: myapp:v1 #回滚为版本1
name: myapp
。。。。
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl apply -f dep.yml
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl exec -it webcluster-77c87d9946-5xktb -- wget -O- -T 3 http://localhost:80
Connecting to localhost:80 (127.0.0.1:80)
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
- 100% |*******************************| 65 0:00:00 ETA版本更新管理及优化
[root@master controler]# vim dep.yml
spec:
minReadySeconds: 5
replicas: 6 #把pod数量设定为6方便观察
selector:
[root@master controler]# kubectl apply -f dep.yml
deployment.apps/webcluster configured查看更新策略信息
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl describe deployments.apps webcluster
RollingUpdateStrategy: 25% max unavailable, 25% max surge #默认值
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl describe deployments.apps webcluster
Name: webcluster
Namespace: default
CreationTimestamp: Sat, 11 Apr 2026 10:54:43 +0800
Labels: app=webcluster
Annotations: deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: 5
Selector: app=webcluster
Replicas: 6 desired | 6 updated | 6 total | 6 available | 0 unavailable
StrategyType: RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds: 5
RollingUpdateStrategy: 0 max unavailable, 1 max surge
Pod Template:
Labels: app=webcluster
Containers:
myapp:
Image: myapp:v1
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
Environment: <none>
Mounts: <none>
Volumes: <none>
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: <none>
Conditions:
Type Status Reason
---- ------ ------
Available True MinimumReplicasAvailable
Progressing True NewReplicaSetAvailable
OldReplicaSets: webcluster-6c8b4bb9d7 (0/0 replicas created)
NewReplicaSet: webcluster-77c87d9946 (6/6 replicas created)
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 44m deployment-controller Scaled up replica set webcluster-77c87d9946 from 0 to 2
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 35m deployment-controller Scaled down replica set webcluster-77c87d9946 from 2 to 1
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 35m deployment-controller Scaled down replica set webcluster-77c87d9946 from 1 to 0
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 33m deployment-controller Scaled up replica set webcluster-77c87d9946 from 0 to 1
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 33m deployment-controller Scaled down replica set webcluster-6c8b4bb9d7 from 2 to 1
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 33m deployment-controller Scaled up replica set webcluster-77c87d9946 from 1 to 2
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 32m deployment-controller Scaled down replica set webcluster-6c8b4bb9d7 from 1 to 0
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 2m32s deployment-controller Scaled up replica set webcluster-77c87d9946 from 2 to 6
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 2m6s (x2 over 35m) deployment-controller Scaled up replica set webcluster-6c8b4bb9d7 from 0 to 1
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 2m1s (x2 over 35m) deployment-controller Scaled up replica set webcluster-6c8b4bb9d7 from 1 to 2
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 2m1s deployment-controller Scaled down replica set webcluster-77c87d9946 from 6 to 5
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 116s deployment-controller Scaled down replica set webcluster-77c87d9946 from 5 to 4
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 116s deployment-controller Scaled up replica set webcluster-6c8b4bb9d7 from 2 to 3
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 110s deployment-controller Scaled down replica set webcluster-77c87d9946 from 4 to 3
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 110s deployment-controller Scaled up replica set webcluster-6c8b4bb9d7 from 3 to 4
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 104s deployment-controller Scaled down replica set webcluster-77c87d9946 from 3 to 2
Normal ScalingReplicaSet 42s (x15 over 104s) deployment-controller (combined from similar events): Scaled up replica set webcluster-77c87d9946 from 5 to 6
[root@K8S-master ~]# 设定更新策略
[root@K8S-master ~]# vim deployment.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
app: webcluster
name: webcluster
spec:
minReadySeconds: 5 #最小就绪时间，指定pod每隔多久更新一次
replicas: 6
selector:
matchLabels:
app: webcluster
strategy: #指定更新策略
rollingUpdate:
maxSurge: 1 #比定义pod数量多几个
maxUnavailable: 0 #比定义pod个数少几个
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: webcluster
spec:
containers:
- image: myapp:v1
name: myapp
#resources: {}
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl apply -f dep.yml
maxSurge: 1含义 ：在滚动更新过程中，可以超出期望 Pod 总数的最大 Pod 数量
-
值为 1 ：表示最多可以比
replicas定义的 Pod 数量多 1 个 -
可以是绝对值 （如 1）或百分比（如 25%）
maxUnavailable: 0
含义 ：在滚动更新过程中，不可用的 Pod 数量最大值
-
值为 0 ：表示在更新期间不允许有任何 Pod 不可用
-
可以是绝对值 或百分比
更新暂停和恢复
[root@master controler]# kubectl rollout history deployment webcluster
deployment.apps/webcluster
REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE
7 <none>
8 <none>
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl rollout pause deployment webcluster #暂停更新
deployment.apps/webcluster paused
[root@K8S-master ~]# vim deployment.yml
。。。
containers:
- image: myapp:v2
name: myapp
。。。
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl apply -f dep.yml #执行成功。但更新过程在监控中没出现
deployment.apps/webcluster configured
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl rollout history deployment webcluster
deployment.apps/webcluster
REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE
5 <none>
6 <none>
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl rollout resume deployment webcluster #开启更新
deployment.apps/webcluster resumed
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl rollout history deployment webcluster
deployment.apps/webcluster
REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE
6 <none>
7 <none>DaemonSet
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl create deployment daemonset --image myapp:v1 --dry-run=client -o yaml > daemonset.yml
[root@K8S-master ~]# vim daemonset.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
labels:
app: daemonset
name: daemonset
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: daemonset
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: daemonset
spec:
containers:
- image: myapp:v1
name: myapp
#另外开启一个主机node3，并设定在初始化集群时的所有设定确保所有服务的开启
#在master中重新生成集群主机注册时需要的token
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubeadm token create --print-join-command
kubeadm join 172.25.254.100:6443 --token lqcz14.6f4krq91w75h58bt --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:6b5950ef2cdba85d6dfdb564ee90d4187fa3d341767dc9852cbdd5c9dee4f927
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubeadm join 172.25.254.100:6443 --token lqcz14.6f4krq91w75h58bt --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:6b5950ef2cdba85d6dfdb564ee90d4187fa3d341767dc9852cbdd5c9dee4f927 --cri-socket unix:///var/run/cri-dockerd.sock
#当node3加入集群后会在node3中立即群星指定的pod，其原因是因为运行了daemonset
#可以在master中观察pod的状态Job控制器
[root@K8S-master ~]# docker load -i perl-5.34.tar.gz
[root@K8S-master ~]# docker tag perl:5.34.0 reg.hjw.org/library/perl:5.34.0
[root@K8S-master ~]#docker login reg.hjw.org -u admin
Password:
Login Succeeded
[root@K8S-master ~]# docker push reg.hjw.org/library/perl:5.34.0
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl create job job --image perl:5.34.0 --dry-run=client -o yaml > job.yml
[root@K8S-master ~]# vim job.yml
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
name: job
spec:
completions: 6
parallelism: 2
template:
spec:
containers:
- image: perl:5.34.0
name: job
command: ["perl", "-Mbignum=bpi", "-wle", "print bpi(2000)"]
restartPolicy: Never
backoffLimit: 4
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl apply -f job.yml
job.batch/job created
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
job-2gmqh 0/1 Completed 0 78s
job-82zzk 0/1 Completed 0 98s
job-bdkq5 0/1 Completed 0 80s
job-cl4rk 0/1 Completed 0 74s
job-cwkvt 0/1 Completed 0 75s
job-x5m94 0/1 Completed 0 98s
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl logs job-2gmqh
3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751058209749445923078164062862089986280348253421170679821480865132823066470938446095505822317253594081284811174502841027019385211055596446229489549303819644288109756659334461284756482337867831652712019091456485669234603486104543266482133936072602491412737245870066063155881748815209209628292540917153643678925903600113305305488204665213841469519415116094330572703657595919530921861173819326117931051185480744623799627495673518857527248912279381830119491298336733624406566430860213949463952247371907021798609437027705392171762931767523846748184676694051320005681271452635608277857713427577896091736371787214684409012249534301465495853710507922796892589235420199561121290219608640344181598136297747713099605187072113499999983729780499510597317328160963185950244594553469083026425223082533446850352619311881710100031378387528865875332083814206171776691473035982534904287554687311595628638823537875937519577818577805321712268066130019278766111959092164201989380952572010654858632788659361533818279682303019520353018529689957736225994138912497217752834791315155748572424541506959508295331168617278558890750983817546374649393192550604009277016711390098488240128583616035637076601047101819429555961989467678374494482553797747268471040475346462080466842590694912933136770289891521047521620569660240580381501935112533824300355876402474964732639141992726042699227967823547816360093417216412199245863150302861829745557067498385054945885869269956909272107975093029553211653449872027559602364806654991198818347977535663698074265425278625518184175746728909777727938000816470600161452491921732172147723501414419735685481613611573525521334757418494684385233239073941433345477624168625189835694855620992192221842725502542568876717904946016534668049886272327917860857843838279679766814541009538837863609506800642251252051173929848960841284886269456042419652850222106611863067442786220391949450471237137869609563643719172874677646575739624138908658326459958133904780275901Cronjob控制器
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl create cronjob cronjob --image busybox --schedule "* * * * *" --dry-run=client -o yaml > cronjob.yml
[root@K8S-master ~]# vim cronjob.yml
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: CronJob
metadata:
name: cronjob
spec:
jobTemplate:
metadata:
name: cronjob
spec:
template:
spec:
containers:
- image: busybox
name: cronjob
command:
- /bin/sh
- -c
- echo "hello hjw"
restartPolicy: OnFailure
schedule: '* * * * *'
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl apply -f cronjob.yml #整分运行
[root@K8S-master ~]#[root@K8S-master ~]#[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get cronjobs.batch
NAME SCHEDULE TIMEZONE SUSPEND ACTIVE LAST SCHEDULE AGE
cronjob * * * * * <none> False 0 17s 70s
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
cronjob-29598257-5sfmh 0/1 Completed 0 27s
[root@K8S-master ~]# kubectl logs cronjob-29598257-5sfmh
hello hjw
[root@K8S-master ~]#