STM32——显示温湿度

温湿度模块认识

一、DHT11 整体基础认知

1. 产品简介

DHT11 是一款数字式温湿度复合传感器 ，内置专用测温测湿元件与 AD 转换电路，无需外接模数转换，直接输出数字信号，单片机可直接读取解析。

2. 核心电气参数

工作电压：3.3V ~ 5.5V（STM32 优先使用 3.3V 供电）
湿度测量范围：20% RH ~ 90% RH，精度 ±5% RH
温度测量范围：0℃ ~ 50℃，精度 ±2℃
通信方式：单总线通信（仅 1 根数据线完成双向通信）
最小读取间隔：1000ms（禁止高频连续读取，易损坏传感器）
数据输出格式：固定40 位串行数据

3. 实物引脚定义（三线制）

引脚序号	引脚名称	功能说明
1	VCC	电源正极，接 3.3V/5V
2	DATA	双向通信数据线，连接单片机通用 GPIO 口
3	GND	电源负极，公共地

4. 上拉电阻原理

DATA 数据线默认需要外接4.7K~10KΩ 上拉电阻至 VCC

作用：空闲状态下数据线保持高电平，保证通信电平稳定
市面上成品 DHT11 模块已经板载上拉电阻，用户接线无需额外焊接

二、标准实物接线示意图

接线规则（STM32F103 单片机）

DHT11-VCC → 单片机3.3V电源引脚
DHT11-GND → 单片机GND公共地
DHT11-DATA → 单片机任意空闲 GPIO 引脚（如 PA2、PB5）

接线注意事项

电源正负极严禁接反，直接烧毁传感器
数据线布线尽量简短，长距离走线极易受电磁干扰
传感器必须与单片机共地，否则通信完全失效
远离电机、电源模块、蜂鸣器等强干扰元器件

三、40 位原始数据帧格式

DHT11 一次完整通信，连续发送5 个字节 = 40 位数据，数据排列顺序固定不变：

字节顺序	数据含义	备注
第一字节	湿度整数部分	有效湿度数值
第二字节	湿度小数部分	DHT11 固定为 0，无小数精度
第三字节	温度整数部分	有效温度数值
第四字节	温度小数部分	DHT11 固定为 0，无小数精度
第五字节	数据校验和	数据校验纠错使用

校验和计算公式

校验和 = 湿度整数 + 湿度小数 + 温度整数 + 温度小数读取数据后必须进行校验，校验一致代表数据有效，不一致判定为通信干扰，直接丢弃数据。

数值读取规则

最终实际温湿度：环境湿度 = 第一字节数值环境温度 = 第三字节数值

四、单总线完整通信时序

整个通信流程分为4 大阶段，时序严格固定，延时误差超过 20μs 就会读取失败。

阶段 1：主机（STM32）发送起始信号

单片机将 DATA 数据线拉低电平 ，持续保持 ≥18ms
主机释放总线，将 DATA拉高电平，持续 20~40μs
起始信号发送完成，单片机 IO 切换为输入模式，等待传感器应答

时序逻辑：长低电平唤醒 DHT11，短暂高电平通知传感器准备应答

阶段 2：DHT11 传感器应答信号

DHT11 检测到主机起始信号后，立即把 DATA拉低 80μs
随后自动把 DATA拉高 80μs
应答信号结束，代表传感器就绪，即将开始传输 40 位数据

阶段 3：逐位数据传输时序（区分 0 与 1）

DHT11 以低电平为起始标志，通过高电平持续时间区分发送 0 还是 1

发送数字 0 时序 数据线拉低 50μs → 拉高26~28μs
发送数字 1 时序 数据线拉低 50μs → 拉高70μs

核心区分点：高电平时长短为 0，高电平时长更长为 1

阶段 4：通信结束

40 位数据全部传输完毕后，DHT11 自动将数据线拉低，随后释放总线恢复空闲高电平，一次通信正式结束。

时序整体流程简图

主机拉低 18ms → 主机拉高 30μs → DHT11 拉低 80μs → DHT11 拉高 80μs → 连续发送 40 位 0/1 数据 → 通信结束

五、通信工作模式讲解

空闲模式 无通信任务时，数据线依靠上拉电阻保持高电平，传感器处于休眠待机状态。
主机主动发起通信单片机作为通信主机，主动发送起始信号，掌控整个通信节奏。
从机被动应答 DHT11 为通信从机，只能被动响应主机指令，无法主动向单片机上传数据。
IO 口双向切换原理

发送起始信号：单片机 IO 配置为推挽输出模式，自由控制高低电平
接收传感器数据：单片机 IO 切换为上拉输入模式，读取总线电平状态

六、DHT11 使用硬性规范

两次数据读取间隔必须大于 1 秒，频繁读取会导致数据错乱、传感器死机
时序延时必须精准，微秒级延时是驱动成功的唯一核心
所有读取到的数据，必须执行校验，不可直接使用原始数据
低温、高湿恶劣环境下，测量误差会轻微变大，属于正常现象
DHT11 仅适用于日常环境监测，不适合工业高精度测温测湿场景

代码

一、整体工程文件架构

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Project
├─ main.c        // 主函数，业务逻辑调度
├─ DHT11.c/h     // DHT11传感器底层驱动
├─ oled.c/h      // IIC-OLED屏幕驱动
├─ delay.c/h     // SysTick系统延时驱动
└─ oledfont.h    // ASCII+中文点阵字库

二、各模块源码逐行解析

1 系统延时模块 delay.c/delay.h

延时是 DHT11 时序稳定的核心，采用 SysTick 定时器 8 分频计时，提供 us、ms 两级延时。

delay.h

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#include "stm32f10x.h"

void initSysTick(void);
void delay_us(u32 xus);
void delay_ms(u32 xms);

delay.c

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#include "delay.h"
#include "stm32f10x.h"

// SysTick时钟初始化
void initSysTick(void)
{
    SysTick_CLKSourceConfig(SysTick_CLKSource_HCLK_Div8);
    SysTick->CTRL |= SysTick_CTRL_TICKINT_Msk;
    SysTick->CTRL |= SysTick_CTRL_ENABLE_Msk;
    SysTick->LOAD = 9;
}

// 微秒级精准延时
void delay_us(u32 xus)
{
    SysTick->LOAD = 9 * xus;
    SysTick->VAL = 0;
    while (!(SysTick->CTRL & SysTick_CTRL_COUNTFLAG_Msk));
}

// 毫秒级延时
void delay_ms(u32 xms)
{
    SysTick->LOAD = 9000;
    SysTick->VAL = 0;
    while (xms--)
    {
        while (!(SysTick->CTRL & SysTick_CTRL_COUNTFLAG_Msk));
    }
}

2 DHT11 温湿度驱动 DHT11.c/ DHT11.h

单总线通信逻辑：输出模式发启动信号→切换输入模式接收 40 位数据→数据校验判定有效性。

DHT11.h

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#ifndef _DHT11_H
#define _DHT11_H

#include "stm32f10x.h"

#define data1  GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB,  GPIO_Pin_11)
#define data0  GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB,  GPIO_Pin_11)
#define read_data  GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB,  GPIO_Pin_11)

void DHT11_GPIO_Init(void);
void DHT11_GPIO_Init1(void);
void DHT11_Start(void);
void DHT11_ReceptionBuff(void);
void DHT11_UpdateData(void);

extern uint16_t Rxbuff[5];

#endif

DHT11.c

该文件实现 DHT11 单总线传感器底层驱动，完成 GPIO 模式切换、主机下发启动指令、传感器应答检测、40 位温湿度数据读取，最终把数据存入缓存数组，依靠校验机制保障数据可靠性。DHT11 通信依靠严格时序电平变化识别数据位，高电平时长区分逻辑 0 与逻辑 1。

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#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "DHT11.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "stdio.h"

// 5字节数据缓存数组，固定数据格式
// Rxbuff[0]：湿度整数部分  Rxbuff[1]：湿度小数部分
// Rxbuff[2]：温度整数部分  Rxbuff[3]：温度小数部分
// Rxbuff[4]：数据校验和，用于校验数据是否失真
uint16_t Rxbuff[5];

/**
 * @brief  GPIO配置为推挽输出模式
 * @note   该模式用于主机向DHT11发送启动触发信号
 */
void DHT11_GPIO_Init(void)
{
   GPIO_InitTypeDef  GPIO_InitStructure;
   RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd( RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB,  ENABLE); // 使能GPIOB外设时钟
   GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode =  GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;       // 推挽输出，高低电平驱动能力强
   GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin  =  GPIO_Pin_11;            // 绑定数据引脚PB11
   GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed =  GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
   GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
   GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB,  GPIO_Pin_11);                      // 引脚默认高电平，空闲状态
}

/**
 * @brief  GPIO配置为下拉输入模式
 * @note   切换输入模式后，用来接收DHT11返回的温湿度数据
 */
void DHT11_GPIO_Init1(void)
{
   GPIO_InitTypeDef  GPIO_InitStructure;
   RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd( RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB,  ENABLE);
   GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode =  GPIO_Mode_IPD;  // 下拉输入，稳定采集外部电平
   GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin  =  GPIO_Pin_11;
   GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed =  GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
   GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
   GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB,  GPIO_Pin_11);
}

/**
 * @brief  检测DHT11应答响应
 * @retval 固定返回0，完成应答判定
 * @note   通信流程：主机发启动信号后，传感器拉低电平回应，再拉高代表应答完成
 */
static uint8_t DHT11_Back()
{
   uint8_t i =200;
   while(read_data && i--);  // 循环等待电平拉低，超时防止卡死
   i= 200;
   while(!read_data && i--); // 等待电平重新拉高，应答结束
   return 0;
}

/**
 * @brief  主机发送DHT11启动信号
 * @note   时序标准：引脚拉低维持20ms以上，再短暂拉高，唤醒传感器准备传数
 */
void DHT11_Start(void)
{
     data0;                  // 拉低数据线
     delay_ms(20);           // 满足启动时序最低时长要求
     data1;                  // 释放电平拉高
     delay_us(10);           // 短暂间隔切换模式
     DHT11_GPIO_Init1();     // 切换为输入，准备接收数据
     while(DHT11_Back());    // 阻塞等待传感器应答
}

/**
 * @brief  批量接收40位原始数据
 * @note   单次通信传输5字节共40位数据；电平延时40us判定位数据
 *         高电平持续久代表逻辑1，持续短代表逻辑0
 */
void DHT11_ReceptionBuff(void)
{
   uint8_t y=1;
   uint16_t i;
   uint8_t x;
   // 循环读取5个字节数据
   for(x=0;x<5;x++)
   {
	    i=0;
		// 单个字节包含8个数据位
		for(y=1;y<9;y++)
		{
		   while(read_data);        // 等待位起始低电平
		   delay_us(40);            // 延时采样判断电平状态
		   while(!read_data);
		   i= i<<1;                 // 字节左移，腾出最低位存放新数据
		   delay_us(30);
		   if(read_data) i |=1;     // 高电平置1，低电平默认0
		   while(read_data);
		}
	   Rxbuff[x] =i;              // 单字节存入缓存数组
	}
}

/**
 * @brief  完成一次完整温湿度数据采集
 * @note   封装采集流程，外部调用即可更新最新传感器数据
 */
void DHT11_UpdateData(void)
{
  DHT11_GPIO_Init();
  DHT11_Start();
  DHT11_ReceptionBuff();
}

引脚模式切换：发送指令用推挽输出，接收数据用输入模式，两种模式分工适配通信收发需求。
启动时序：固定高低电平时长唤醒传感器，时序偏差会直接导致通信失败。
数据读取规则：按位采集拼接成字节，一次性获取 5 组数据，对应温湿度与校验值。
缓存存储：统一数组托管数据，方便主函数调取使用。

数据缓冲区定义

Rxbuff [0]：湿度整数
Rxbuff [1]：湿度小数
Rxbuff [2]：温度整数
Rxbuff [3]：温度小数
Rxbuff [4]：校验和校验规则：前四字节相加结果 = 第五字节校验和，数据有效

3 IIC-OLED 屏幕驱动 oled.c/oled.h

基于标准 IIC 时序实现屏幕初始化、命令读写、中文数字字符显示，配套点阵字库渲染画面。

oled.h

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#ifndef _OLED_H_
#define _OLED_H_

#include "stm32f10x.h"

#define  OLED_SCLK_Set()    GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_0)
#define  OLED_SCLK_CLr()    GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_0)
#define  OLED_SDIN_Set()    GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_1)
#define  OLED_SDIN_CLr()    GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_1)
#define  OLED_READ_SDIN()    GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB,  GPIO_Pin_1)

#define IIC_ACK  0
#define IIC_NO_ACK  1
#define  OLED_CMD 0
#define  OLED_DATA  1
#define SIZE 		16
#define Max_Column	128

void OLED_WR_Byte(unsigned char dat,unsigned char cmd);
void OLED_Set_Pos(unsigned char x,unsigned char y);
void OLED_Display_On(void);
void OLED_Display_Off(void);
void OLED_Clear(void);
void OLED_ShouChar(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char chr);
void OLED_Init(void);
void OLED_ShowString(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char *chr);
void OLED_ShowNum(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned int num,unsigned char len,unsigned char size);
void OLED_ShowCHinese(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char no);

#endif

oled.c

基于软件 IIC 协议驱动 0.96 寸 OLED 屏幕，实现硬件初始化、总线启停、指令 / 数据读写，封装字符、数字、汉字、字符串显示接口，搭配点阵字库完成画面绘制，是屏幕画面展示的底层支撑。

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#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "oledfont.h"
#include "delay.h"

/**
 * @brief  OLED通信引脚初始化
 * @note   PB0为时钟线SCL，PB1为数据线SDA，开漏输出适配IIC总线特性
 */
static void OLED_GPIO_Init(void)
{
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd( RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_OD; // 开漏输出，支持总线挂载多设备
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOB,&GPIO_InitStructure);
	OLED_SCLK_Set();
	OLED_SDIN_Set();
}

/**
 * @brief  IIC总线起始信号
 * @note   SCL高电平时，SDA由高变低，标志通信正式开始
 */
static void OLED_IIC_Start(void)
{
	OLED_SCLK_Set();
	OLED_SDIN_Set();
	delay_us(1);
	OLED_SDIN_CLr();
	delay_us(1);
	OLED_SCLK_CLr();
	delay_us(1);
}

/**
 * @brief  IIC总线停止信号
 * @note   SCL高电平时，SDA由低变高，结束本次通信
 */
static void OLED_IIC_Stop(void)
{
	OLED_SDIN_CLr();
	delay_us(1);
	OLED_SCLK_Set();
	delay_us(1);
	OLED_SDIN_Set();
	delay_us(1);
}

/**
 * @brief  等待从机应答信号
 * @retval 应答标志位，判断数据是否正常接收
 * @note   主机释放数据线，读取从机反馈电平
 */
static unsigned char IIC_Wait_Ack(void)
{
	unsigned char ack;
	OLED_SCLK_CLr();
	delay_us(1);
	OLED_SDIN_Set();
	delay_us(1);
	OLED_SCLK_Set();
	delay_us(1);
	ack = OLED_READ_SDIN() ? IIC_NO_ACK : IIC_ACK;
	OLED_SCLK_CLr();
	delay_us(1);
	return ack;
}

/**
 * @brief  IIC总线单字节数据发送
 * @param  IIC_Byte：待发送字节数据
 * @note   高位优先传输，逐位移位输出电平
 */
static void Write_IIC_Byte(unsigned char IIC_Byte)
{
	unsigned char i;
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		OLED_SCLK_CLr();
		delay_us(1);
		if(IIC_Byte & 0x80) OLED_SDIN_Set();
		else OLED_SDIN_CLr();
		IIC_Byte <<= 1;
		delay_us(1);
		OLED_SCLK_Set();
		delay_us(1);
	}
	OLED_SCLK_CLr();
	delay_us(1);
	while(IIC_Wait_Ack());
}

/**
 * @brief  向OLED写入控制命令
 * @param  IIC_Command：屏幕配置指令
 */
static void Write_IIC_Command(unsigned char IIC_Command)
{
   OLED_IIC_Start();
   Write_IIC_Byte(0x78);    // OLED设备固定IIC地址
   Write_IIC_Byte(0x00);    // 标识本次传输为命令
   Write_IIC_Byte(IIC_Command);
   OLED_IIC_Stop();
}

/**
 * @brief  向OLED写入显示数据
 * @param  IIC_Data：像素点阵数据
 */
static void Write_IIC_Data(unsigned char IIC_Data)
{
   OLED_IIC_Start();
   Write_IIC_Byte(0x78);
   Write_IIC_Byte(0x40);    // 标识本次传输为显示数据
   Write_IIC_Byte(IIC_Data);
   OLED_IIC_Stop();
}

/**
 * @brief  读写统一接口，区分命令与数据
 */
void OLED_WR_Byte(unsigned char dat,unsigned char cmd)
{
	cmd ? Write_IIC_Data(dat) : Write_IIC_Command(dat);
}

/**
 * @brief  设置屏幕光标显示坐标
 * @param  x横向坐标，y纵向坐标
 * @note   定位后，后续内容将从该坐标开始绘制
 */
void OLED_Set_Pos(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
{
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xb0+y,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte((x&0x0f),OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(((x&0xf0)>>4)|0x10,OLED_CMD);
}

/**
 * @brief  开启屏幕显示
 */
void OLED_Display_On(void)
{
	OLED_WR_Byte(0X8D,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0X14,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0XAF,OLED_CMD);
}

/**
 * @brief  关闭屏幕显示
 */
void OLED_Display_Off(void)
{
	OLED_WR_Byte(0XAE,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0X8D,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0X10,OLED_CMD);
}

/**
 * @brief  全屏清屏，清空所有像素点
 */
void OLED_Clear(void)
{
	unsigned char i,n;
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		OLED_WR_Byte (0xb0+i,OLED_CMD);
		OLED_WR_Byte (0x00,OLED_CMD);
		OLED_WR_Byte (0x10,OLED_CMD);
		for(n=0;n<128;n++)OLED_WR_Byte(0,OLED_DATA);
	}
}

/**
 * @brief  单个ASCII字符显示
 * @param  x,y显示坐标，chr待显示字符
 * @note   调取字库点阵，按点位点亮屏幕像素
 */
void OLED_ShouChar(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char chr)
{
    unsigned char c = 0,i=0;
    c =chr - ' ';
	if(x>Max_Column){x=0;y=y+2;}
   if(SIZE == 16)
	 {
	   OLED_Set_Pos(x,y);
		 for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	  OLED_WR_Byte(F8X16[c*16+i],OLED_DATA);
	 	 OLED_Set_Pos(x,y+1);
		 for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	  OLED_WR_Byte(F8X16[c*16+i+8],OLED_DATA);
	 }
	 else
	 {
	   OLED_Set_Pos(x,y);
	   for(i=0;i<6;i++)
	   OLED_WR_Byte(F6x8[c][i],OLED_DATA);
	 }
}

/**
 * @brief  OLED硬件初始化配置
 * @note   上电延时稳定硬件，下发初始化指令配置屏幕参数
 */
void OLED_Init(void)
{
	OLED_GPIO_Init();
	delay_ms(200);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xAE,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x10,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x40,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xB0,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x81,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xFF,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xA1,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xA6,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xA8,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x3F,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xC8,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xD3,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xD5,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x80,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xD9,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xF1,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xDA,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x12,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xDB,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x40,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x8D,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x14,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xAF,OLED_CMD);
	OLED_Clear();
	OLED_Set_Pos(0,0);
}

/**
 * @brief  连续字符串批量显示
 * @note   逐个调用单字符接口，自动偏移坐标换行
 */
void OLED_ShowString(unsigned char x, unsigned char y,unsigned char *chr)
{
   unsigned char j=0;
	 while(chr[j] != '\0')
	 {
	    OLED_ShouChar(x,y,chr[j]);
		 x+=8;
		 if(x>=128){x=0;y +=2;}
		 j++;
	 }
}

/**
 * @brief  数值幂运算，用于数字拆分
 */
unsigned int oled_pow(unsigned char m,unsigned char n)
{
	unsigned int result=1;
	while(n--)result*=m;
	return result;
}

/**
 * @brief  整数数字显示，自动拆分每一位数值
 */
void OLED_ShowNum(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned int num,unsigned char len,unsigned char size)
{
	unsigned char t,temp;
	unsigned char enshow=0;
	for(t=0;t<len;t++)
	{
		temp=(num/oled_pow(10,len-t-1))%10;
		if(enshow==0&&t<(len-1))
		{
			if(temp==0){OLED_ShouChar(x+(size/2)*t,y,' ');continue;}
			else enshow=1;
		}
	 	OLED_ShouChar(x+(size/2)*t,y,temp+'0');
	}
}

/**
 * @brief  汉字显示，调取中文点阵字库渲染画面
 */
void OLED_ShowCHinese(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char no)
{
    unsigned char t,adder = 0;
	  OLED_Set_Pos(x,y);
	for(t=0;t<16;t++)
	{
		 OLED_WR_Byte( Hzk[2*no][t],OLED_DATA);
		 adder+=1;
	}
	  OLED_Set_Pos(x,y+1);
	for(t=0;t<16;t++)
	{
     OLED_WR_Byte( Hzk[2*no+1][t],OLED_DATA);
		 adder+=1;
	}
}

软件 IIC 时序：严格遵循起始、停止、应答时序，依靠引脚高低电平模拟总线通信协议。
命令与数据区分：不同标识位区分配置指令和画面数据，屏幕针对性执行功能。
坐标定位：所有显示内容都基于坐标摆放，灵活控制文字位置布局。
多类型显示封装：拆分字符、数字、汉字接口，上层调用无需关注底层点阵细节。

4 主程序 main.c

程序入口文件，统筹所有外设初始化，绘制固定界面文字，循环周期性采集温湿度数据，通过校验和过滤异常数据，最终把有效数值刷新展示在 OLED 屏幕上，实现完整功能闭环。

复制代码

#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "main.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "DHT11.h"
#include "oled.h"

int main(void)
{
	// 初始化SysTick定时器，提供精准延时功能
	initSysTick();
	delay_ms(1500);  // 上电延时，等待硬件模块稳定就绪

	// 初始化OLED屏幕并清空初始杂乱像素
	OLED_Init();
	OLED_Clear();

	// 固定界面文字绘制，标注温度、湿度显示区域
	OLED_ShowCHinese(0,2,6);
	OLED_ShowCHinese(16,2,7);
	OLED_ShowCHinese(32,2,8);
	OLED_ShowCHinese(48,2,9);
	OLED_ShowCHinese(66,2,10);
	OLED_ShowCHinese(90,2,15);
	OLED_ShowCHinese(112,2,11);
	OLED_ShowCHinese(16,5,6);
	OLED_ShowCHinese(32,5,7);
	OLED_ShowCHinese(48,5,12);
	OLED_ShowCHinese(64,5,9);
	OLED_ShowCHinese(80,5,10);
	OLED_ShowCHinese(112,5,13);

	// 死循环，不间断采集刷新数据
	while(1)
	{
		uint16_t check_sum;
		uint8_t temp,humi;
		DHT11_UpdateData();                 // 调用驱动读取最新温湿度数据
		// 累加前四字节数据，计算理论校验值
		check_sum = Rxbuff[0]+Rxbuff[1]+Rxbuff[2]+Rxbuff[3];

		// 校验值匹配则判定数据有效，执行显示更新
		if(Rxbuff[4] == check_sum)
		{
			humi = Rxbuff[0];               // 提取湿度整数
			temp = Rxbuff[2];               // 提取温度整数
			// 拆分十位、个位分别显示
			OLED_ShowNum(74,2,temp/10,1,16);
			OLED_ShowNum(82,2,temp%10,1,16);
			OLED_ShowNum(88,5,humi/10,1,16);
			OLED_ShowNum(96,5,humi%10,1,16);
		}
		delay_ms(2000);  // 2秒刷新一次，避免刷新过快画面闪烁
	}
}

初始化流程：先配置延时基础功能，再初始化显示屏，完成界面框架搭建。
静态界面：开机一次性绘制标题汉字，固定页面布局样式。
循环采集：周期性调用传感器驱动，持续获取环境数据。
数据校验：比对计算校验和与接收校验和，剔除干扰造成的错误数据。
数值拆分显示：将整数拆分为单独数位，调用屏幕接口完成实时数值更新。
刷新间隔：设置延时放缓更新频率，保证画面观感与设备通信稳定。

5 点阵字库 oledfont.h

内置 8*16 ASCII 字符、中文点阵数据，屏幕文字渲染依赖该字库

复制代码

#ifndef __OLEDFONT_H
#define __OLEDFONT_H 	   
//常用ASCII表
//偏移量32
//ASCII字符集
//偏移量32
//大小:12*6
/************************************6*8的点阵************************************/
const unsigned char  F6x8[][6] =		
{
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,// sp
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x2f, 0x00, 0x00,// !
0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00,// "
0x00, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14,// #
0x00, 0x24, 0x2a, 0x7f, 0x2a, 0x12,// $
0x00, 0x62, 0x64, 0x08, 0x13, 0x23,// %
0x00, 0x36, 0x49, 0x55, 0x22, 0x50,// &
0x00, 0x00, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00,// '
0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00,// (
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1c, 0x00,// )
0x00, 0x14, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x14,// *
0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x08,// +
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xA0, 0x60, 0x00,// ,
0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08,// -
0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00,// .
0x00, 0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02,// /
0x00, 0x3E, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3E,// 0
0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,// 1
0x00, 0x42, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x46,// 2
0x00, 0x21, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4B, 0x31,// 3
0x00, 0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7F, 0x10,// 4
0x00, 0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39,// 5
0x00, 0x3C, 0x4A, 0x49, 0x49, 0x30,// 6
0x00, 0x01, 0x71, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03,// 7
0x00, 0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,// 8
0x00, 0x06, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1E,// 9
0x00, 0x00, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,// :
0x00, 0x00, 0x56, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,// ;
0x00, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00,// <
0x00, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,// =
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08,// >
0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x51, 0x09, 0x06,// ?
0x00, 0x32, 0x49, 0x59, 0x51, 0x3E,// @
0x00, 0x7C, 0x12, 0x11, 0x12, 0x7C,// A
0x00, 0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,// B
0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22,// C
0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C,// D
0x00, 0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41,// E
0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01,// F
0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x49, 0x49, 0x7A,// G
0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7F,// H
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x00,// I
0x00, 0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3F, 0x01,// J
0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41,// K
0x00, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,// L
0x00, 0x7F, 0x02, 0x0C, 0x02, 0x7F,// M
0x00, 0x7F, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7F,// N
0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3E,// O
0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06,// P
0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5E,// Q
0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46,// R
0x00, 0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31,// S
0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x7F, 0x01, 0x01,// T
0x00, 0x3F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3F,// U
0x00, 0x1F, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1F,// V
0x00, 0x3F, 0x40, 0x38, 0x40, 0x3F,// W
0x00, 0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63,// X
0x00, 0x07, 0x08, 0x70, 0x08, 0x07,// Y
0x00, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x43,// Z
0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x00,// [
0x00, 0x55, 0x2A, 0x55, 0x2A, 0x55,// 55
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x00,// ]
0x00, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04,// ^
0x00, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,// _
0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x00,// '
0x00, 0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78,// a
0x00, 0x7F, 0x48, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,// b
0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x20,// c
0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x48, 0x7F,// d
0x00, 0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x18,// e
0x00, 0x08, 0x7E, 0x09, 0x01, 0x02,// f
0x00, 0x18, 0xA4, 0xA4, 0xA4, 0x7C,// g
0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,// h
0x00, 0x00, 0x44, 0x7D, 0x40, 0x00,// i
0x00, 0x40, 0x80, 0x84, 0x7D, 0x00,// j
0x00, 0x7F, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44, 0x00,// k
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,// l
0x00, 0x7C, 0x04, 0x18, 0x04, 0x78,// m
0x00, 0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,// n
0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,// o
0x00, 0xFC, 0x24, 0x24, 0x24, 0x18,// p
0x00, 0x18, 0x24, 0x24, 0x18, 0xFC,// q
0x00, 0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08,// r
0x00, 0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x20,// s
0x00, 0x04, 0x3F, 0x44, 0x40, 0x20,// t
0x00, 0x3C, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7C,// u
0x00, 0x1C, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1C,// v
0x00, 0x3C, 0x40, 0x30, 0x40, 0x3C,// w
0x00, 0x44, 0x28, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44,// x
0x00, 0x1C, 0xA0, 0xA0, 0xA0, 0x7C,// y
0x00, 0x44, 0x64, 0x54, 0x4C, 0x44,// z
0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,// horiz lines
};
/****************************************8*16的点阵************************************/
const unsigned char  F8X16[]=	  
{
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,// 0
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//! 1
  0x00,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//" 2
  0x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0x00,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x00,//# 3
  0x00,0x70,0x88,0xFC,0x08,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0xFF,0x21,0x1E,0x00,0x00,//$ 4
  0xF0,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x1C,0x03,0x1E,0x21,0x1E,0x00,//% 5
  0x00,0xF0,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1E,0x21,0x23,0x24,0x19,0x27,0x21,0x10,//& 6
  0x10,0x16,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//' 7
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x04,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x40,0x00,//( 8
  0x00,0x02,0x04,0x18,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x20,0x18,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,//) 9
  0x40,0x40,0x80,0xF0,0x80,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x02,0x02,0x01,0x0F,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x00,//* 10
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x1F,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,//+ 11
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xB0,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//, 12
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,//- 13
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//. 14
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x18,0x04,0x00,0x60,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,/// 15
  0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//0 16
  0x00,0x10,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//1 17
  0x00,0x70,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x28,0x24,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//2 18
  0x00,0x30,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x48,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//3 19
  0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x20,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x04,0x24,0x24,0x3F,0x24,0x00,//4 20
  0x00,0xF8,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//5 21
  0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//6 22
  0x00,0x38,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//7 23
  0x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x1C,0x22,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//8 24
  0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x31,0x22,0x22,0x11,0x0F,0x00,//9 25
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//: 26
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//; 27
  0x00,0x00,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x00,//< 28
  0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00,//= 29
  0x00,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x01,0x00,//> 30
  0x00,0x70,0x48,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x36,0x01,0x00,0x00,//? 31
  0xC0,0x30,0xC8,0x28,0xE8,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x27,0x24,0x23,0x14,0x0B,0x00,//@ 32
  0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x38,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3C,0x23,0x02,0x02,0x27,0x38,0x20,//A 33
  0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//B 34
  0xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,//C 35
  0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//D 36
  0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x23,0x20,0x18,0x00,//E 37
  0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,//F 38
  0xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x22,0x1E,0x02,0x00,//G 39
  0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x21,0x3F,0x20,//H 40
  0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//I 41
  0x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//J 42
  0x08,0xF8,0x88,0xC0,0x28,0x18,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x01,0x26,0x38,0x20,0x00,//K 43
  0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x30,0x00,//L 44
  0x08,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,//M 45
  0x08,0xF8,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x3F,0x00,//N 46
  0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//O 47
  0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x00,//P 48
  0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x0F,0x18,0x24,0x24,0x38,0x50,0x4F,0x00,//Q 49
  0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x20,//R 50
  0x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x38,0x20,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//S 51
  0x18,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//T 52
  0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//U 53
  0x08,0x78,0x88,0x00,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x38,0x0E,0x01,0x00,0x00,//V 54
  0xF8,0x08,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x03,0x3C,0x07,0x00,0x07,0x3C,0x03,0x00,//W 55
  0x08,0x18,0x68,0x80,0x80,0x68,0x18,0x08,0x20,0x30,0x2C,0x03,0x03,0x2C,0x30,0x20,//X 56
  0x08,0x38,0xC8,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//Y 57
  0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x38,0x26,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x18,0x00,//Z 58
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,//[ 59
  0x00,0x0C,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x06,0x38,0xC0,0x00,//\ 60
  0x00,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//] 61
  0x00,0x00,0x04,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//^ 62
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,//_ 63
  0x00,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//` 64
  0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x24,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x3F,0x20,//a 65
  0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//b 66
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x00,//c 67
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x88,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//d 68
  0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x13,0x00,//e 69
  0x00,0x80,0x80,0xF0,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//f 70
  0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x6B,0x94,0x94,0x94,0x93,0x60,0x00,//g 71
  0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//h 72
  0x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//i 73
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,//j 74
  0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x24,0x02,0x2D,0x30,0x20,0x00,//k 75
  0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//l 76
  0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,//m 77
  0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//n 78
  0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//o 79
  0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xFF,0xA1,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//p 80
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0xA0,0xFF,0x80,//q 81
  0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x20,0x00,0x01,0x00,//r 82
  0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x19,0x00,//s 83
  0x00,0x80,0x80,0xE0,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//t 84
  0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//u 85
  0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x01,0x0E,0x30,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x00,//v 86
  0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x0F,0x30,0x0C,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x0F,0x00,//w 87
  0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x31,0x2E,0x0E,0x31,0x20,0x00,//x 88
  0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x81,0x8E,0x70,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,//y 89
  0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x30,0x2C,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//z 90
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x7C,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x40,0x40,//{ 91
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,//| 92
  0x00,0x02,0x02,0x7C,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//} 93
  0x00,0x06,0x01,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//~ 94
};
const unsigned char  Hzk[][32]={

{0x10,0x10,0x10,0xFF,0x10,0x90,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x88,0xFF,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x00},
{0x04,0x44,0x82,0x7F,0x01,0x80,0x80,0x40,0x43,0x2C,0x10,0x28,0x46,0x81,0x80,0x00},/*"技",0*/

{0x40,0x44,0x54,0x65,0xC6,0x64,0x54,0x44,0x00,0xFC,0x44,0x44,0xC4,0x42,0x40,0x00},
{0x20,0x12,0x4A,0x82,0x7F,0x02,0x0A,0x92,0x60,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"新",1*/

{0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0xFF,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00},
{0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x7F,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x9F,0x80,0xF0,0x00},/*"电",2*/

{0x80,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x82,0xE2,0xA2,0x92,0x8A,0x86,0x82,0x80,0x80,0x00},
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"子",3*/

{0x24,0x24,0xA4,0xFE,0xA3,0x22,0x00,0x22,0xCC,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},
{0x08,0x06,0x01,0xFF,0x00,0x01,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0xFF,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x00},/*"科",4*/

{0x10,0x10,0x10,0xFF,0x10,0x90,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x88,0xFF,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x00},
{0x04,0x44,0x82,0x7F,0x01,0x80,0x80,0x40,0x43,0x2C,0x10,0x28,0x46,0x81,0x80,0x00},/*"技",5*/


{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x20,0x60,0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x40,0xA0,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x41,0x49,0x49,0x29,0x25,0x25,0x24,0x3F,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"当",6*/

{0x00,0x20,0x20,0xA0,0xA0,0xA4,0xA8,0x20,0x20,0x98,0x16,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x00},
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x0A,0x2A,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x20,0x6F,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"前",7*/


{0x00,0x00,0x40,0x08,0x18,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0xA8,0x68,0x68,0x74,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00},
{0x00,0x00,0x30,0x0E,0x22,0x20,0x3E,0x22,0x1E,0x12,0x2E,0x22,0x1F,0x12,0x00,0x00},/*"温",8*/

{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x90,0xB0,0xF0,0x56,0xD8,0x28,0x48,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},
{0x00,0x20,0x10,0x0C,0x43,0x40,0x40,0x2D,0x13,0x1E,0x22,0x60,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00},/*"度",9*/


{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x31,0x31,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"：",10*/

{0x00,0x0C,0x12,0x0C,0x00,0xC0,0x70,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x30,0x00,0x00},
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x18,0x30,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x30,0x1C,0x00,0x00},/*"℃",11*/

{0x00,0x00,0x40,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0xA8,0xA8,0x58,0x48,0x7C,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00},
{0x00,0x00,0x38,0x06,0x20,0x20,0x2C,0x3D,0x23,0x21,0x3F,0x24,0x23,0x20,0x20,0x00},/*"湿",12*/

{0x00,0xF0,0xF8,0x08,0x88,0xF8,0xF0,0x00,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00},
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x18,0x0C,0x02,0x01,0x00,0x1E,0x3F,0x21,0x21,0x1E,0x1E,0x00},/*"%",13*/

{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*" ",14*/


{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},
{0x00,0x00,0x10,0x30,0x30,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*".",15*/


};

#endif

三、程序整体运行流程

上电启动 → 初始化 SysTick 延时
延时等待硬件稳定，初始化 OLED 屏幕并清屏
绘制固定中文标题界面
进入死循环
1. 调用接口读取 DHT11 5 字节数据
2. 累加前四字节与校验和比对，过滤无效杂波数据
3. 拆分温度、湿度整数位，刷新 OLED 数字
4. 间隔 2 秒，重复采集显示