【保姆级】微服务组件环境搭建（Docker Compose版）

> 微服务基础设施"全家桶"环境搭建全攻略！

一、微服务环境配置

[1.1 项目目录规划](#1.1 项目目录规划)

[1.2 环境变量配置（.env）](#1.2 环境变量配置（.env）)

[1.3 核心服务编排](#1.3 核心服务编排)

[1.4 Nacos初始化](#1.4 Nacos初始化)

二、特殊组件定制化处理

[2.1 Sentinel持久化部署](#2.1 Sentinel持久化部署)

[2.2 Seata部署](#2.2 Seata部署)

一、微服务环境配置

1.1 项目目录规划

请先在服务器创建以下目录结构，确保容器启动时能正确挂载数据卷，避免数据丢失：

mkdir -p /opt/{mysql/data,mysql/init,redis/data,es/data,rabbitmq/data,nacos/logs,nginx/conf}

必须给 ES 赋予权限，否则会因为权限问题启动失败

chmod 777 /opt/docker-services/es/data

mysql/init：放置 Nacos、XXL-Job、Seata 的初始化 SQL，首次启动 MySQL 时会自动执行。

1.2 环境变量配置（.env）

创建.env文件，所有敏感信息均通过环境变量隔离，内容如下：

bash 复制代码

# ==========================================
# 生产环境全局基础配置 .env
# ==========================================
# 时区
TZ=Asia/Shanghai

# ==========================================
# 中间件密码配置 (请务必修改成强密码)
# ==========================================
# MySQL
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=HHSgl7ii6O8EfWPl
# Redis
REDIS_PASSWORD=HHSgl7ii6O8EfWPl
# Elasticsearch & Kibana (ES 开启 X-Pack 安全验证)
ELASTIC_PASSWORD=HHSgl7ii6O8EfWPl
# RabbitMQ
RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=admin
RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=HHSgl7ii6O8EfWPl
# Nacos (Nacos 2.x 强制鉴权配置，Token必须是Base64编码且大于32个字符)
NACOS_AUTH_ENABLE=true
NACOS_AUTH_TOKEN=U2VjcmV0S2V5MDEyMzQ1Njc4OTAxMjM0NTY3ODkwMTIzNDU2Nzg5MDEyMzQ1Njc4OTAxMjM0NTY3ODk=
NACOS_AUTH_IDENTITY_KEY=nacos
NACOS_AUTH_IDENTITY_VALUE=HHSgl7ii6O8EfWPl
# Sentinel 控制台账号密码
SENTINEL_USER=sentinel
SENTINEL_PASS=HHSgl7ii6O8EfWPl

# ==========================================
# 内存调优 (防止服务器被炸毁，根据你服务器实际情况微调)
# ==========================================
ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m
NACOS_JVM_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m -Xmn256m
SEATA_JVM_OPTS=-Xms256m -Xmx256m
XXL_JOB_JVM_OPTS=-Xms256m -Xmx256m

1.3 核心服务编排

以下配置已在单机 8G 内存环境下测试通过，可直接复制使用，内容如下：

bash 复制代码

version: '3.8'

# 定义全局自定义网络
networks:
  app-network:
    driver: bridge

services:
  # 1. MySQL 8.0.x (开启 Binlog 供 Canal 使用)
  mysql:
    image: mysql:8.0.33
    container_name: mysql
    restart: always
    environment:
      TZ: ${TZ}
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: ${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}
    command: 
      - --character-set-server=utf8mb4
      - --collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
      - --lower_case_table_names=1
      - --log-bin=mysql-bin
      - --server-id=1
      - --binlog-format=ROW
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    volumes:
      - ./mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql
      # 如果有 xxl-job, nacos, seata 的建表SQL，可以扔进这个目录，第一次启动会自动执行
      - ./mysql/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
    networks:
      - app-network

  # 2. Redis 6.2.7 (通过 command 开启密码保护)
  redis:
    image: redis:6.2.7
    container_name: redis
    restart: always
    environment:
      TZ: ${TZ}
    command: redis-server --requirepass ${REDIS_PASSWORD} --appendonly yes
    ports:
      - "6379:6379"
    volumes:
      - ./redis/data:/data
    networks:
      - app-network

  # 3. Elasticsearch 7.17.7 (单节点模式，开启密码)
  elasticsearch:
    image: elasticsearch:7.17.7
    container_name: elasticsearch
    restart: always
    environment:
      TZ: ${TZ}
      discovery.type: single-node
      ES_JAVA_OPTS: ${ES_JAVA_OPTS}
      ELASTIC_PASSWORD: ${ELASTIC_PASSWORD}
      xpack.security.enabled: "true"
    ports:
      - "9200:9200"
      - "9300:9300"
    volumes:
      - ./es/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data
    networks:
      - app-network

  # 4. Kibana 7.17.7 (连接到带密码的 ES)
  kibana:
    image: kibana:7.17.7
    container_name: kibana
    restart: always
    environment:
      TZ: ${TZ}
      ELASTICSEARCH_HOSTS: http://elasticsearch:9200
      ELASTICSEARCH_USERNAME: elastic
      ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD: ${ELASTIC_PASSWORD}
      I18N_LOCALE: zh-CN
    ports:
      - "5601:5601"
    depends_on:
      - elasticsearch
    networks:
      - app-network

  # 5. RabbitMQ 3.8.26 (带 Management Web 界面)
  rabbitmq:
    image: rabbitmq:3.8.26-management
    container_name: rabbitmq
    restart: always
    environment:
      TZ: ${TZ}
      RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER: ${RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER}
      RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS: ${RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS}
    ports:
      - "5672:5672"
      - "15672:15672"
    volumes:
      - ./rabbitmq/data:/var/lib/rabbitmq
    networks:
      - app-network

  # 6. Nacos 2.4.0 (单机模式，开启强制鉴权，连接外部MySQL)
  nacos:
    image: nacos/nacos-server:v2.4.0
    container_name: nacos
    restart: always
    environment:
      TZ: ${TZ}
      MODE: standalone
      JVM_XMS: 512m # 如果你服务器是8G，记得改回 256m
      JVM_XMX: 512m
      JVM_XMN: 256m
      NACOS_AUTH_ENABLE: ${NACOS_AUTH_ENABLE}
      NACOS_AUTH_TOKEN: ${NACOS_AUTH_TOKEN}
      NACOS_AUTH_IDENTITY_KEY: ${NACOS_AUTH_IDENTITY_KEY}
      NACOS_AUTH_IDENTITY_VALUE: ${NACOS_AUTH_IDENTITY_VALUE}
      # ==========================================
      # 新增：强制 Nacos 使用 MySQL 作为数据源
      # ==========================================
      SPRING_DATASOURCE_PLATFORM: mysql
      MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST: mysql               # 这里填 MySQL 容器的名称，通过内部网络通信
      MYSQL_SERVICE_PORT: 3306
      MYSQL_SERVICE_DB_NAME: nacos            # 准备在 MySQL 中创建的 Nacos 数据库名称
      MYSQL_SERVICE_USER: root
      MYSQL_SERVICE_PASSWORD: ${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}
      MYSQL_SERVICE_DB_PARAM: "characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"
    ports:
      - "8848:8848"
      - "9848:9848" 
    volumes:
      - ./nacos/logs:/home/nacos/logs
    depends_on:
      - mysql   # 确保在 mysql 之后启动
    networks:
      - app-network

  # 7. XXL-Job-Admin 2.3.1 (注意：你需要先在 MySQL 中执行 xxl-job 的 sql)
  xxl-job-admin:
    image: xuxueli/xxl-job-admin:2.3.1
    container_name: xxl-job-admin
    restart: always
    environment:
      TZ: ${TZ}
      JAVA_OPTS: ${XXL_JOB_JVM_OPTS}
      # 请确保 MySQL 中存在 xxl_job 库，否则容器会不断重启报错
      PARAMS: "--spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://mysql:3306/xxl_job?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai --spring.datasource.username=root --spring.datasource.password=${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}"
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    depends_on:
      - mysql
    networks:
      - app-network

  # 8. Sentinel 1.8.5 (使用支持 Nacos 持久化的社区改版镜像)
  sentinel:
    build:
      context: ./sentinel-build # 指向你存放 jar 和 Dockerfile 的那个目录
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    container_name: sentinel
    restart: always
    environment:
      TZ: ${TZ}
      # 整合之前的极限内存压榨参数，以及 Nacos 的地址和账号密码
      JAVA_OPTS: >
        -Xms128m -Xmx128m -Xss256k
        -Dserver.port=8858 
        -Dcsp.sentinel.dashboard.server=localhost:8858 
        -Dproject.name=sentinel-dashboard 
        -Dsentinel.dashboard.auth.username=${SENTINEL_USER} 
        -Dsentinel.dashboard.auth.password=${SENTINEL_PASS}
        -Dnacos.serverAddr=nacos:8848
        -Dnacos.namespace=public
        -Dnacos.username=nacos
        -Dnacos.password=nacos
    ports:
      - "8858:8858"
    depends_on:
      - nacos  # 必须等 Nacos 启动后再启动
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          memory: 300M
    networks:
      - app-network

  # 9. Seata 1.5.2 (完全集成 Nacos 与 MySQL 生产版)
  seata:
    image: seataio/seata-server:1.5.2
    container_name: seata
    restart: always
    environment:
      TZ: ${TZ}
      SEATA_IP: 115.190.238.227
      # ==========================================
      # 注册中心配置 (告诉 Seata 把自己注册到哪里)
      # ==========================================
      SEATA_REGISTRY_TYPE: nacos
      SEATA_REGISTRY_NACOS_SERVER_ADDR: nacos:8848
      SEATA_REGISTRY_NACOS_APPLICATION: seata-server
      SEATA_REGISTRY_NACOS_GROUP: DEFAULT_GROUP
      SEATA_REGISTRY_NACOS_CLUSTER: default
      SEATA_REGISTRY_NACOS_USERNAME: nacos
      SEATA_REGISTRY_NACOS_PASSWORD: nacos
      
      # ==========================================
      # 配置中心配置 (告诉 Seata 去哪里读取连 MySQL 的配置)
      # ==========================================
      SEATA_CONFIG_TYPE: nacos
      SEATA_CONFIG_NACOS_SERVER_ADDR: nacos:8848
      SEATA_CONFIG_NACOS_GROUP: DEFAULT_GROUP
      SEATA_CONFIG_NACOS_USERNAME: nacos
      SEATA_CONFIG_NACOS_PASSWORD: nacos
      SEATA_CONFIG_NACOS_DATA_ID: seataServer.properties
    ports:
      - "8091:8091"
      - "7091:7091"
    # volumes:
    #   # 将外部配置挂载覆盖容器内部默认的配置
    #   - ./seata/registry.conf:/seata-server/resources/registry.conf
    depends_on:
      - nacos
      - mysql
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          memory: 400M
    networks:
      - app-network

  # 10. Canal 1.1.5
  canal:
    image: canal/canal-server:v1.1.5
    container_name: canal
    restart: always
    environment:
      TZ: ${TZ}
      canal.auto.scan: "false"
      canal.destinations: test
      canal.instance.master.address: "mysql:3306"
      canal.instance.dbUsername: root
      canal.instance.dbPassword: ${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}
      canal.instance.connectionCharset: UTF-8
    ports:
      - "11111:11111"
    depends_on:
      - mysql
    networks:
      - app-network

  # 11. Nginx 1.12.2
  nginx:
    image: nginx:1.12.2
    container_name: nginx
    restart: always
    environment:
      TZ: ${TZ}
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
    volumes:
      - ./nginx/conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d
    networks:
      - app-network

1.4 Nacos初始化

先启动mysql，需要在mysql里面创建nacos的数据库，nacos-init.sql（用于 Nacos 持久化）下面是sql语句：

bash 复制代码

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
/*!50503 SET NAMES utf8mb4 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;


-- 导出 nacos 的数据库结构
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS `nacos`;
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `nacos` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci */ /*!80016 DEFAULT ENCRYPTION='N' */;
USE `nacos`;

-- 导出  表 nacos.config_info 结构
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `config_info`;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `config_info` (
  `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
  `data_id` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id',
  `group_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `content` longtext COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'content',
  `md5` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'md5',
  `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
  `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间',
  `src_user` text COLLATE utf8_bin COMMENT 'source user',
  `src_ip` varchar(50) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'source ip',
  `app_name` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段',
  `c_desc` varchar(256) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `c_use` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `effect` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `type` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `c_schema` text COLLATE utf8_bin,
  `encrypted_data_key` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT '秘钥',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfo_datagrouptenant` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_info';

-- 正在导出表  nacos.config_info 的数据：~0 rows (大约)
DELETE FROM `config_info`;

-- 导出  表 nacos.config_info_aggr 结构
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `config_info_aggr`;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `config_info_aggr` (
  `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
  `data_id` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id',
  `group_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id',
  `datum_id` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'datum_id',
  `content` longtext COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT '内容',
  `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '修改时间',
  `app_name` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfoaggr_datagrouptenantdatum` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`,`datum_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='增加租户字段';

-- 正在导出表  nacos.config_info_aggr 的数据：~0 rows (大约)
DELETE FROM `config_info_aggr`;

-- 导出  表 nacos.config_info_beta 结构
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `config_info_beta`;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `config_info_beta` (
  `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
  `data_id` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id',
  `group_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id',
  `app_name` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'app_name',
  `content` longtext COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'content',
  `beta_ips` varchar(1024) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'betaIps',
  `md5` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'md5',
  `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
  `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间',
  `src_user` text COLLATE utf8_bin COMMENT 'source user',
  `src_ip` varchar(50) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'source ip',
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段',
  `encrypted_data_key` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT '秘钥',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfobeta_datagrouptenant` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_info_beta';

-- 正在导出表  nacos.config_info_beta 的数据：~0 rows (大约)
DELETE FROM `config_info_beta`;

-- 导出  表 nacos.config_info_tag 结构
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `config_info_tag`;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `config_info_tag` (
  `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
  `data_id` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id',
  `group_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id',
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'tenant_id',
  `tag_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'tag_id',
  `app_name` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'app_name',
  `content` longtext COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'content',
  `md5` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'md5',
  `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
  `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间',
  `src_user` text COLLATE utf8_bin COMMENT 'source user',
  `src_ip` varchar(50) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'source ip',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfotag_datagrouptenanttag` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`,`tag_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_info_tag';

-- 正在导出表  nacos.config_info_tag 的数据：~0 rows (大约)
DELETE FROM `config_info_tag`;

-- 导出  表 nacos.config_tags_relation 结构
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `config_tags_relation`;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `config_tags_relation` (
  `id` bigint NOT NULL COMMENT 'id',
  `tag_name` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'tag_name',
  `tag_type` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'tag_type',
  `data_id` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id',
  `group_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id',
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'tenant_id',
  `nid` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  PRIMARY KEY (`nid`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_configtagrelation_configidtag` (`id`,`tag_name`,`tag_type`),
  KEY `idx_tenant_id` (`tenant_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_tag_relation';

-- 正在导出表  nacos.config_tags_relation 的数据：~0 rows (大约)
DELETE FROM `config_tags_relation`;

-- 导出  表 nacos.group_capacity 结构
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `group_capacity`;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `group_capacity` (
  `id` bigint unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键ID',
  `group_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'Group ID，空字符表示整个集群',
  `quota` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '配额，0表示使用默认值',
  `usage` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '使用量',
  `max_size` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个配置大小上限，单位为字节，0表示使用默认值',
  `max_aggr_count` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '聚合子配置最大个数，，0表示使用默认值',
  `max_aggr_size` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个聚合数据的子配置大小上限，单位为字节，0表示使用默认值',
  `max_history_count` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '最大变更历史数量',
  `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
  `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_group_id` (`group_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='集群、各Group容量信息表';

-- 正在导出表  nacos.group_capacity 的数据：~0 rows (大约)
DELETE FROM `group_capacity`;

-- 导出  表 nacos.his_config_info 结构
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `his_config_info`;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `his_config_info` (
  `id` bigint unsigned NOT NULL,
  `nid` bigint unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `data_id` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
  `group_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
  `app_name` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'app_name',
  `content` longtext COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL,
  `md5` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `src_user` text COLLATE utf8_bin,
  `src_ip` varchar(50) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `op_type` char(10) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段',
  `encrypted_data_key` text COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT '秘钥',
  PRIMARY KEY (`nid`),
  KEY `idx_gmt_create` (`gmt_create`),
  KEY `idx_gmt_modified` (`gmt_modified`),
  KEY `idx_did` (`data_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='多租户改造';

-- 正在导出表  nacos.his_config_info 的数据：~0 rows (大约)
DELETE FROM `his_config_info`;

-- 导出  表 nacos.permissions 结构
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `permissions`;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `permissions` (
  `role` varchar(50) COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `resource` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `action` varchar(8) COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_role_permission` (`role`,`resource`,`action`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_general_ci;

-- 正在导出表  nacos.permissions 的数据：~0 rows (大约)
DELETE FROM `permissions`;

-- 导出  表 nacos.roles 结构
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `roles`;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `roles` (
  `username` varchar(50) COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `role` varchar(50) COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
  UNIQUE KEY `idx_user_role` (`username`,`role`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_general_ci;

-- 正在导出表  nacos.roles 的数据：~1 rows (大约)
DELETE FROM `roles`;
INSERT INTO `roles` (`username`, `role`) VALUES
	('nacos', 'ROLE_ADMIN');

-- 导出  表 nacos.tenant_capacity 结构
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `tenant_capacity`;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `tenant_capacity` (
  `id` bigint unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键ID',
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'Tenant ID',
  `quota` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '配额，0表示使用默认值',
  `usage` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '使用量',
  `max_size` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个配置大小上限，单位为字节，0表示使用默认值',
  `max_aggr_count` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '聚合子配置最大个数',
  `max_aggr_size` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个聚合数据的子配置大小上限，单位为字节，0表示使用默认值',
  `max_history_count` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '最大变更历史数量',
  `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
  `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_tenant_id` (`tenant_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='租户容量信息表';

-- 正在导出表  nacos.tenant_capacity 的数据：~0 rows (大约)
DELETE FROM `tenant_capacity`;

-- 导出  表 nacos.tenant_info 结构
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `tenant_info`;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `tenant_info` (
  `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
  `kp` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT 'kp',
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'tenant_id',
  `tenant_name` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'tenant_name',
  `tenant_desc` varchar(256) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'tenant_desc',
  `create_source` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'create_source',
  `gmt_create` bigint NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
  `gmt_modified` bigint NOT NULL COMMENT '修改时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_tenant_info_kptenantid` (`kp`,`tenant_id`),
  KEY `idx_tenant_id` (`tenant_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='tenant_info';

-- 正在导出表  nacos.tenant_info 的数据：~0 rows (大约)
DELETE FROM `tenant_info`;

-- 导出  表 nacos.users 结构
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `users`;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `users` (
  `username` varchar(50) COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(500) COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `enabled` tinyint(1) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`username`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_general_ci;

-- 正在导出表  nacos.users 的数据：~1 rows (大约)
DELETE FROM `users`;
INSERT INTO `users` (`username`, `password`, `enabled`) VALUES
	('nacos', '$2a$10$EuWPZHzz32dJN7jexM34MOeYirDdFAZm2kuWj7VEOJhhZkDrxfvUu', 1);

/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=IFNULL(@OLD_TIME_ZONE, 'system') */;
/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=IFNULL(@OLD_SQL_MODE, '') */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=IFNULL(@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, 1) */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=IFNULL(@OLD_SQL_NOTES, 1) */;

二、特殊组件定制化处理

2.1 Sentinel持久化部署

原版 Sentinel 镜像不包含 Nacos 集成，规则存储在内存中，重启即丢失。我们需要基于官方源码修改并重新构建。

【Sentinel】结合Nacos实现配置持久化_sentinel与nacos的 docker容器化安装配置-CSDN博客

有一个不同的地方，NacosConfig类需要添加鉴权信息

java 复制代码

package com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.dashboard.rule.nacos;

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.dashboard.datasource.entity.rule.FlowRuleEntity;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.datasource.Converter;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.nacos.api.NacosFactory;
import com.alibaba.nacos.api.PropertyKeyConst;
import com.alibaba.nacos.api.config.ConfigService;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * @author Eric Zhao
 * @since 1.4.0
 */
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "nacos")
public class NacosConfig {

    private String serverAddr;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String namespace;

    @Bean
    public Converter<List<FlowRuleEntity>, String> flowRuleEntityEncoder() {
        return JSON::toJSONString;
    }

    @Bean
    public Converter<String, List<FlowRuleEntity>> flowRuleEntityDecoder() {
        return s -> JSON.parseArray(s, FlowRuleEntity.class);
    }

    @Bean
    public ConfigService nacosConfigService() throws Exception {
//        return ConfigFactory.createConfigService(addr);
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.put(PropertyKeyConst.SERVER_ADDR, serverAddr);
        properties.put(PropertyKeyConst.USERNAME, username);
        properties.put(PropertyKeyConst.PASSWORD, password);
        if (namespace != null && !namespace.trim().isEmpty()) {
            properties.put(PropertyKeyConst.NAMESPACE, namespace);
        }
        return NacosFactory.createConfigService(properties);
    }


    public String getServerAddr() {
        return serverAddr;
    }

    public void setServerAddr(String serverAddr) {
        this.serverAddr = serverAddr;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getNamespace() {
        return namespace;
    }

    public void setNamespace(String namespace) {
        this.namespace = namespace;
    }
}

然后本地编译成jar包，上传到服务器

mkdir ./sentinel-build

在sentinel-build目录下创建Dockerfile文件，将 jar 包放入同一目录，随后 docker-compose 会通过 build 自动构建镜像。内容如下：

bash 复制代码

# 生产环境推荐使用轻量级的基础镜像，8G内存福音
FROM eclipse-temurin:8-jre-alpine

# 设置时区
ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ /etc/localtime && echo $TZ > /etc/timezone

# 设置工作目录
WORKDIR /app

# 将你打包的 jar 复制到容器内
COPY sentinel-dashboard.jar /app/sentinel-dashboard.jar

# 暴露端口
EXPOSE 8858

# 启动命令，使用 exec 格式让 JAVA_OPTS 环境变量能够被正确解析
ENTRYPOINT ["sh", "-c", "java $JAVA_OPTS -jar /app/sentinel-dashboard.jar"]

2.2 Seata部署

seata也需要集成mysql和nacos做控制，下面是对应的sql语句：

bash 复制代码

/*
 Navicat Premium Data Transfer

 Source Server         : local
 Source Server Type    : MySQL
 Source Server Version : 50622
 Source Host           : localhost:3306
 Source Schema         : seata_demo

 Target Server Type    : MySQL
 Target Server Version : 50622
 File Encoding         : 65001

 Date: 20/06/2021 12:38:37
*/
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS `seate`;
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `seate` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci */ /*!80016 DEFAULT ENCRYPTION='N' */;
USE `seate`;

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for branch_table
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `branch_table`;
CREATE TABLE `branch_table`  (
  `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `xid` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `transaction_id` bigint(20) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `resource_group_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `resource_id` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `branch_type` varchar(8) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `status` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `client_id` varchar(64) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `application_data` varchar(2000) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_create` datetime(6) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_modified` datetime(6) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `idx_xid`(`xid`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Compact;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of branch_table
-- ----------------------------

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for global_table
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `global_table`;
CREATE TABLE `global_table`  (
  `xid` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `transaction_id` bigint(20) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `status` tinyint(4) NOT NULL,
  `application_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `transaction_service_group` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `transaction_name` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `timeout` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `begin_time` bigint(20) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `application_data` varchar(2000) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_create` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_modified` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`xid`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `idx_gmt_modified_status`(`gmt_modified`, `status`) USING BTREE,
  INDEX `idx_transaction_id`(`transaction_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Compact;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of global_table
-- ----------------------------


-- ----------------------------
-- Records of lock_table
-- ----------------------------

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

在 Nacos 控制台创建 seataServer.properties

配置内容：

bash 复制代码

# 数据存储方式，db代表数据库
store.mode=db
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://115.190.238.227:3306/seata?useUnicode=true&rewriteBatchedStatements=true
store.db.user=root
store.db.password=HHSgl7ii6O8EfWPl
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.maxWait=5000
# 事务、日志等配置
server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000

# 客户端与服务端传输方式
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none
# 关闭metrics功能，提高性能
metrics.enabled=false
metrics.registryType=compact
metrics.exporterList=prometheus
metrics.exporterPrometheusPort=9898