- 并发概念:
- 并发是指两个或多个事件在
同一时间间隔
发生;
- 多线程实现TCP并发服务器的实现流程:
- 一、创建套接字(socket函数):
- 通信域选择IPV4网络协议、套接字类型选择流式;
c
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int sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0); //通信域选择IPV4、套接字类型选择流式
- 二、填充服务器的网络信息结构体:
- 1.定义网络信息结构体变量;
- 2.求出结构体变量的内存空间大小;
- 3.结构体清零;
- 4.使用IPV4网络协议;
- 5.预留给在终端输入的IP地址;
- 6.预留给在终端输入的网络字节序的端口号;
c
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struct sockaddr_in serveraddr; //定义网络信息结构体变量
socklen_t serveraddrlen = sizeof(serveraddr);//求出结构体变量的内存空间大小
memset(&serveraddr,0,serveraddrlen); //结构体清零
serveraddr.sin_family = AF_INET; //使用IPV4网络协议
serveraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]); //IP地址
serveraddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));//网络字节序的端口号
- 三、套接字和服务器的网络信息结构体进行绑定(bind函数):
c
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int ret = bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serveraddr,serveraddrlen);
c
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int ret1 = listen(sockfd, 5);
c
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if(-1 == (info.accept_fd = accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&(info.clientaddr),&clientaddr_len)))
{
perror("accept error");
exit(-1);
}
- 六、若有客户端连接成功,就创建线程,专门用来和该客户端通信(pthread_create函数):
c
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if(0 != (ret1 = pthread_create(&thread_id,NULL,message_handling,&info)))
{
printf("pthread_create error : errno = [%d] errstr = [%s]\n",ret1,strerror(ret1));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
- 七、将线程设置成分离属性,线程结束后由操作系统回收资源(pthread_detach函数):
c
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if(0 != (ret2 = pthread_detach(thread_id)))
{
printf("pthread_create error : errno = [%d] errstr = [%s]\n",ret2,strerror(ret2));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
- 八、创建线程处理函数用来接收来自客户端的数据(recv函数)和给客户端发送应答消息(send函数):
c
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//线程处理函数
void *message_handling(void *arg);
int nbytes = recv(acceptfd,buf,sizeof(buf),0);
printf("客户端发来数据[%s]\n",buf);
strcat(buf,"----k"); //组装应答消息
int ret2 = send(acceptfd,buf,sizeof(buf),0);
- 九、退出线程(pthread_exit函数)和关闭套接字(close函数):
c
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close(info.accept_fd);
pthread_exit(NULL);
c
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//多线程实现TCP并发服务器
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
typedef struct INFO
{
int accept_fd;
struct sockaddr_in clientaddr;
}info_t;
//线程处理函数
void *message_handling(void *arg);
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
//入参合理性检查
if(3 != argc)
{
printf("Usage : %s <IP> <PORT>\n",argv[0]);
exit(-1);
}
//创建套接字
int sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(-1 == sockfd)
{
perror("socket error");
exit(-1);
}
//填充服务器网络信息结构体
struct sockaddr_in serveraddr;
socklen_t serveraddr_len = sizeof(serveraddr);
memset(&serveraddr,0,serveraddr_len);
serveraddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serveraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
serveraddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
//将套接字与服务器网络信息结构体绑定
if(-1 == bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serveraddr,serveraddr_len))
{
perror("bind error");
exit(-1);
}
//将套接字设置成被监听状态
if(-1 == listen(sockfd,5))
{
perror("listen error");
exit(-1);
}
info_t info;
pthread_t thread_id;
int ret1 = 0;
int ret2 = 0;
socklen_t clientaddr_len = sizeof(info.clientaddr);
while(true)
{
//等待客户端连接
if(-1 == (info.accept_fd = accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&(info.clientaddr),&clientaddr_len)))
{
perror("accept error");
exit(-1);
}
//若有客户端连接成功,就创建线程,专门用来和该客户端通信
if(0 != (ret1 = pthread_create(&thread_id,NULL,message_handling,&info)))
{
printf("pthread_create error : errno = [%d] errstr = [%s]\n",ret1,strerror(ret1));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
//将线程设置成分离属性,线程结束后由操作系统回收资源
if(0 != (ret2 = pthread_detach(thread_id)))
{
printf("pthread_create error : errno = [%d] errstr = [%s]\n",ret2,strerror(ret2));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
void *message_handling(void *arg)
{
info_t info = *(info_t *)arg;
printf("客户端[%s : %d]连接到服务器\n",inet_ntoa(info.clientaddr.sin_addr),ntohs(info.clientaddr.sin_port));
//接收客户端数据,并作出应答
int nbytes = 0;
char buf[128] = {0};
while(true)
{
memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
//接收消息
if(-1 == (nbytes = recv(info.accept_fd,buf,sizeof(buf),0)))
{
perror("recv error");
break;
}else if(0 == nbytes){
printf("客户端[%s : %d]断开了连接\n",inet_ntoa(info.clientaddr.sin_addr),ntohs(info.clientaddr.sin_port));
break;
}
if(!strcmp(buf,"quit"))
{
printf("客户端[%s : %d]退出了\n",inet_ntoa(info.clientaddr.sin_addr),ntohs(info.clientaddr.sin_port));
break;
}
printf("客户端[%s : %d]发来消息[%s]\n",inet_ntoa(info.clientaddr.sin_addr),ntohs(info.clientaddr.sin_port),buf);
//组装应答
strcat(buf,"------k");
//发送应答
if(-1 == send(info.accept_fd,buf,sizeof(buf),0))
{
perror("send error");
break;
}
}
close(info.accept_fd);
pthread_exit(NULL);
}