1.每月交易
SQL
sql
Create table If Not Exists Transactions (id int, country varchar(4), state enum('approved', 'declined'), amount int, trans_date date);
Truncate table Transactions;
insert into Transactions (id, country, state, amount, trans_date) values ('121', 'US', 'approved', '1000', '2018-12-18');
insert into Transactions (id, country, state, amount, trans_date) values ('122', 'US', 'declined', '2000', '2018-12-19');
insert into Transactions (id, country, state, amount, trans_date) values ('123', 'US', 'approved', '2000', '2019-01-01');
insert into Transactions (id, country, state, amount, trans_date) values ('124', 'DE', 'approved', '2000', '2019-01-07');
表:Transactions
sql
+---------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type |
+---------------+---------+
| id | int |
| country | varchar |
| state | enum |
| amount | int |
| trans_date | date |
+---------------+---------+
id 是这个表的主键。
该表包含有关传入事务的信息。
state 列类型为 ["approved", "declined"] 之一。
编写一个 sql 查询来查找每个月和每个国家/地区的事务数及其总金额、已批准的事务数及其总金额。
以 任意顺序 返回结果表。
查询结果格式如下所示。
示例 1:
sql
输入:
Transactions table:
+------+---------+----------+--------+------------+
| id | country | state | amount | trans_date |
+------+---------+----------+--------+------------+
| 121 | US | approved | 1000 | 2018-12-18 |
| 122 | US | declined | 2000 | 2018-12-19 |
| 123 | US | approved | 2000 | 2019-01-01 |
| 124 | DE | approved | 2000 | 2019-01-07 |
+------+---------+----------+--------+------------+
输出:
+----------+---------+-------------+----------------+--------------------+-----------------------+
| month | country | trans_count | approved_count | trans_total_amount | approved_total_amount |
+----------+---------+-------------+----------------+--------------------+-----------------------+
| 2018-12 | US | 2 | 1 | 3000 | 1000 |
| 2019-01 | US | 1 | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| 2019-01 | DE | 1 | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
+----------+---------+-------------+----------------+--------------------+-----------------------+
思路
sql
1.查找每个月国家/地区。利用group by DATE_FORMAT(trans_date, '%Y-%m'),country
2.查找总的事务数。第一步已经将数据按月和国家聚合,只需要使用count函数
3.查找总金额。使用sum函数计算总金额
4.查找已批准的事物数。
5.查找已批准的事物的总金额。
题解
sql
SELECT DATE_FORMAT(trans_date, '%Y-%m') AS month,
country,
COUNT(*) AS trans_count,
COUNT(IF(state = 'approved', 1, NULL)) AS approved_count,
SUM(amount) AS trans_total_amount,
SUM(IF(state = 'approved', amount, 0)) AS approved_total_amount
FROM Transactions
GROUP BY month, country
2.最后一个能进入巴士的人
SQL
sql
Create table If Not Exists Queue (person_id int, person_name varchar(30), weight int, turn int);
Truncate table Queue;
insert into Queue (person_id, person_name, weight, turn) values ('5', 'Alice', '250', '1');
insert into Queue (person_id, person_name, weight, turn) values ('4', 'Bob', '175', '5');
insert into Queue (person_id, person_name, weight, turn) values ('3', 'Alex', '350', '2');
insert into Queue (person_id, person_name, weight, turn) values ('6', 'John Cena', '400', '3');
insert into Queue (person_id, person_name, weight, turn) values ('1', 'Winston', '500', '6');
insert into Queue (person_id, person_name, weight, turn) values ('2', 'Marie', '200', '4');
表: Queue
sql
+-------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type |
+-------------+---------+
| person_id | int |
| person_name | varchar |
| weight | int |
| turn | int |
+-------------+---------+
person_id 是这个表具有唯一值的列。
该表展示了所有候车乘客的信息。
表中 person_id 和 turn 列将包含从 1 到 n 的所有数字,其中 n 是表中的行数。
turn 决定了候车乘客上巴士的顺序,其中 turn=1 表示第一个上巴士,turn=n 表示最后一个上巴士。
weight 表示候车乘客的体重,以千克为单位。
有一队乘客在等着上巴士。然而,巴士有1000
千克 的重量限制,所以其中一部分乘客可能无法上巴士。
编写解决方案找出 最后一个 上巴士且不超过重量限制的乘客,并报告 person_name
。题目测试用例确保顺位第一的人可以上巴士且不会超重。
返回结果格式如下所示。
示例 1:
sql
输入:
Queue 表
+-----------+-------------+--------+------+
| person_id | person_name | weight | turn |
+-----------+-------------+--------+------+
| 5 | Alice | 250 | 1 |
| 4 | Bob | 175 | 5 |
| 3 | Alex | 350 | 2 |
| 6 | John Cena | 400 | 3 |
| 1 | Winston | 500 | 6 |
| 2 | Marie | 200 | 4 |
+-----------+-------------+--------+------+
输出:
+-------------+
| person_name |
+-------------+
| John Cena |
+-------------+
解释:
为了简化,Queue 表按 turn 列由小到大排序。
+------+----+-----------+--------+--------------+
| Turn | ID | Name | Weight | Total Weight |
+------+----+-----------+--------+--------------+
| 1 | 5 | Alice | 250 | 250 |
| 2 | 3 | Alex | 350 | 600 |
| 3 | 6 | John Cena | 400 | 1000 | (最后一个上巴士)
| 4 | 2 | Marie | 200 | 1200 | (无法上巴士)
| 5 | 4 | Bob | 175 | ___ |
| 6 | 1 | Winston | 500 | ___ |
+------+----+-----------+--------+--------------+
思路
sql
1.获取下一位上车的人,计算总体重
2.根据turn进行降序排序
3.判断当前上车的人总体重是否超过1000
4.保留最后一个能进入巴士的人
题解
sql
方式一:
select *
from Queue t1,Queue t2
where t1.turn>=t2.turn
group by t1.person_id
having sum(t2.weight) <=1000
order by t1.turn desc
limit 1
方式二:
select person_name
from
(
select *,sum(weight) over(order by turn)as Total_Weight
from Queue
)t
where Total_Weight<=1000
order by Total_Weight desc
limit 1
3.餐馆营业额变化增长
SQL
sql
Create table If Not Exists Customer (customer_id int, name varchar(20), visited_on date, amount int);
Truncate table Customer;
insert into Customer (customer_id, name, visited_on, amount) values ('1', 'Jhon', '2019-01-01', '100');
insert into Customer (customer_id, name, visited_on, amount) values ('2', 'Daniel', '2019-01-02', '110');
insert into Customer (customer_id, name, visited_on, amount) values ('3', 'Jade', '2019-01-03', '120');
insert into Customer (customer_id, name, visited_on, amount) values ('4', 'Khaled', '2019-01-04', '130');
insert into Customer (customer_id, name, visited_on, amount) values ('5', 'Winston', '2019-01-05', '110');
insert into Customer (customer_id, name, visited_on, amount) values ('6', 'Elvis', '2019-01-06', '140');
insert into Customer (customer_id, name, visited_on, amount) values ('7', 'Anna', '2019-01-07', '150');
insert into Customer (customer_id, name, visited_on, amount) values ('8', 'Maria', '2019-01-08', '80');
insert into Customer (customer_id, name, visited_on, amount) values ('9', 'Jaze', '2019-01-09', '110');
insert into Customer (customer_id, name, visited_on, amount) values ('1', 'Jhon', '2019-01-10', '130');
insert into Customer (customer_id, name, visited_on, amount) values ('3', 'Jade', '2019-01-10', '150');
表: Customer
sql
+---------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type |
+---------------+---------+
| customer_id | int |
| name | varchar |
| visited_on | date |
| amount | int |
+---------------+---------+
在 SQL 中,(customer_id, visited_on) 是该表的主键。
该表包含一家餐馆的顾客交易数据。
visited_on 表示 (customer_id) 的顾客在 visited_on 那天访问了餐馆。
amount 是一个顾客某一天的消费总额。
你是餐馆的老板,现在你想分析一下可能的营业额变化增长(每天至少有一位顾客)。
计算以 7 天(某日期 + 该日期前的 6 天)为一个时间段的顾客消费平均值。average_amount
要 保留两位小数。
结果按 visited_on
升序排序。
返回结果格式的例子如下。
示例 1:
sql
输入:
Customer 表:
+-------------+--------------+--------------+-------------+
| customer_id | name | visited_on | amount |
+-------------+--------------+--------------+-------------+
| 1 | Jhon | 2019-01-01 | 100 |
| 2 | Daniel | 2019-01-02 | 110 |
| 3 | Jade | 2019-01-03 | 120 |
| 4 | Khaled | 2019-01-04 | 130 |
| 5 | Winston | 2019-01-05 | 110 |
| 6 | Elvis | 2019-01-06 | 140 |
| 7 | Anna | 2019-01-07 | 150 |
| 8 | Maria | 2019-01-08 | 80 |
| 9 | Jaze | 2019-01-09 | 110 |
| 1 | Jhon | 2019-01-10 | 130 |
| 3 | Jade | 2019-01-10 | 150 |
+-------------+--------------+--------------+-------------+
输出:
+--------------+--------------+----------------+
| visited_on | amount | average_amount |
+--------------+--------------+----------------+
| 2019-01-07 | 860 | 122.86 |
| 2019-01-08 | 840 | 120 |
| 2019-01-09 | 840 | 120 |
| 2019-01-10 | 1000 | 142.86 |
+--------------+--------------+----------------+
解释:
第一个七天消费平均值从 2019-01-01 到 2019-01-07 是restaurant-growth/restaurant-growth/ (100 + 110 + 120 + 130 + 110 + 140 + 150)/7 = 122.86
第二个七天消费平均值从 2019-01-02 到 2019-01-08 是 (110 + 120 + 130 + 110 + 140 + 150 + 80)/7 = 120
第三个七天消费平均值从 2019-01-03 到 2019-01-09 是 (120 + 130 + 110 + 140 + 150 + 80 + 110)/7 = 120
第四个七天消费平均值从 2019-01-04 到 2019-01-10 是 (130 + 110 + 140 + 150 + 80 + 110 + 130 + 150)/7 = 142.86
思路
sql
第一个七天消费平均值从 2019-01-01 到 2019-01-07 (获取2019-01-07 营业额,作为7天的营业额)
第二个七天消费平均值从 2019-01-02 到 2019-01-08 以此类推,
1.根据visited_on 分组,计算每天的营业额
2.在计算从第一天到第七天的累计营业额 sum()over()
3.将累计营业额进行排序 rank()over()
4.筛选累计不到7天的营业额,where rk>=7
5.再根据visited_on 分组,计算每个7天营业额的平均 round(sum(amount)/7,2)
题解
sql
select
visited_on,
amount,
round(sum(amount)/7,2) average_amount
from
(
-- 获取日期、排名、累计的营业额
select
visited_on,
rank()over(order by visited_on) as rk,
sum(sum(amount))over(order by visited_on range interval 6 day preceding) as amount
from Customer
group by visited_on
)AS tep
where rk>=7
group by visited_on
4.电影评分
SQL
sql
Create table If Not Exists Movies (movie_id int, title varchar(30));
Create table If Not Exists Users (user_id int, name varchar(30));
Create table If Not Exists MovieRating (movie_id int, user_id int, rating int, created_at date);
Truncate table Movies;
insert into Movies (movie_id, title) values ('1', 'Avengers');
insert into Movies (movie_id, title) values ('2', 'Frozen 2');
insert into Movies (movie_id, title) values ('3', 'Joker');
Truncate table Users;
insert into Users (user_id, name) values ('1', 'Daniel');
insert into Users (user_id, name) values ('2', 'Monica');
insert into Users (user_id, name) values ('3', 'Maria');
insert into Users (user_id, name) values ('4', 'James');
Truncate table MovieRating;
insert into MovieRating (movie_id, user_id, rating, created_at) values ('1', '1', '3', '2020-01-12');
insert into MovieRating (movie_id, user_id, rating, created_at) values ('1', '2', '4', '2020-02-11');
insert into MovieRating (movie_id, user_id, rating, created_at) values ('1', '3', '2', '2020-02-12');
insert into MovieRating (movie_id, user_id, rating, created_at) values ('1', '4', '1', '2020-01-01');
insert into MovieRating (movie_id, user_id, rating, created_at) values ('2', '1', '5', '2020-02-17');
insert into MovieRating (movie_id, user_id, rating, created_at) values ('2', '2', '2', '2020-02-01');
insert into MovieRating (movie_id, user_id, rating, created_at) values ('2', '3', '2', '2020-03-01');
insert into MovieRating (movie_id, user_id, rating, created_at) values ('3', '1', '3', '2020-02-22');
insert into MovieRating (movie_id, user_id, rating, created_at) values ('3', '2', '4', '2020-02-25');
表:Movies
sql
+---------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type |
+---------------+---------+
| movie_id | int |
| title | varchar |
+---------------+---------+
movie_id 是这个表的主键(具有唯一值的列)。
title 是电影的名字。
表:Users
sql
+---------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type |
+---------------+---------+
| user_id | int |
| name | varchar |
+---------------+---------+
user_id 是表的主键(具有唯一值的列)。
表:MovieRating
sql
+---------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type |
+---------------+---------+
| movie_id | int |
| user_id | int |
| rating | int |
| created_at | date |
+---------------+---------+
(movie_id, user_id) 是这个表的主键(具有唯一值的列的组合)。
这个表包含用户在其评论中对电影的评分 rating 。
created_at 是用户的点评日期。
请你编写一个解决方案:
- 查找评论电影数量最多的用户名。如果出现平局,返回字典序较小的用户名。
- 查找在
February 2020
平均评分最高 的电影名称。如果出现平局,返回字典序较小的电影名称。
字典序 ,即按字母在字典中出现顺序对字符串排序,字典序较小则意味着排序靠前。
返回结果格式如下例所示。
示例 1:
sql
输入:
Movies 表:
+-------------+--------------+
| movie_id | title |
+-------------+--------------+
| 1 | Avengers |
| 2 | Frozen 2 |
| 3 | Joker |
+-------------+--------------+
Users 表:
+-------------+--------------+
| user_id | name |
+-------------+--------------+
| 1 | Daniel |
| 2 | Monica |
| 3 | Maria |
| 4 | James |
+-------------+--------------+
MovieRating 表:
+-------------+--------------+--------------+-------------+
| movie_id | user_id | rating | created_at |
+-------------+--------------+--------------+-------------+
| 1 | 1 | 3 | 2020-01-12 |
| 1 | 2 | 4 | 2020-02-11 |
| 1 | 3 | 2 | 2020-02-12 |
| 1 | 4 | 1 | 2020-01-01 |
| 2 | 1 | 5 | 2020-02-17 |
| 2 | 2 | 2 | 2020-02-01 |
| 2 | 3 | 2 | 2020-03-01 |
| 3 | 1 | 3 | 2020-02-22 |
| 3 | 2 | 4 | 2020-02-25 |
+-------------+--------------+--------------+-------------+
输出:
Result 表:
+--------------+
| results |
+--------------+
| Daniel |
| Frozen 2 |
+--------------+
解释:
Daniel 和 Monica 都点评了 3 部电影("Avengers", "Frozen 2" 和 "Joker") 但是 Daniel 字典序比较小。
Frozen 2 和 Joker 在 2 月的评分都是 3.5,但是 Frozen 2 的字典序比较小。
题解
sql
select results
from
(
-- 查找评论电影数量最多的用户名。如果出现平局,返回字典序较小的用户名
select t2.name results
from MovieRating t1
left join Users t2
on t1.user_id=t2.user_id
group by t2.user_id
order by count(t2.user_id) desc,t2.name
limit 1
)t1
union all
select results
from (
-- 查找在 February 2020 平均评分最高 的电影名称。如果出现平局,返回字典序较小的电影名称。
select m.title results
from MovieRating mr
left join Movies m using(movie_id)
where date_format(mr.created_at,'%Y-%m') = '2020-02'
group by m.movie_id
order by avg(rating) desc, m.title asc
limit 1
)t2
5.股票的资本损益
SQL
sql
Create Table If Not Exists Stocks (stock_name varchar(15), operation ENUM('Sell', 'Buy'), operation_day int, price int);
Truncate table Stocks;
insert into Stocks (stock_name, operation, operation_day, price) values ('Leetcode', 'Buy', '1', '1000');
insert into Stocks (stock_name, operation, operation_day, price) values ('Corona Masks', 'Buy', '2', '10');
insert into Stocks (stock_name, operation, operation_day, price) values ('Leetcode', 'Sell', '5', '9000');
insert into Stocks (stock_name, operation, operation_day, price) values ('Handbags', 'Buy', '17', '30000');
insert into Stocks (stock_name, operation, operation_day, price) values ('Corona Masks', 'Sell', '3', '1010');
insert into Stocks (stock_name, operation, operation_day, price) values ('Corona Masks', 'Buy', '4', '1000');
insert into Stocks (stock_name, operation, operation_day, price) values ('Corona Masks', 'Sell', '5', '500');
insert into Stocks (stock_name, operation, operation_day, price) values ('Corona Masks', 'Buy', '6', '1000');
insert into Stocks (stock_name, operation, operation_day, price) values ('Handbags', 'Sell', '29', '7000');
insert into Stocks (stock_name, operation, operation_day, price) values ('Corona Masks', 'Sell', '10', '10000');
Stocks
表:
sql
+---------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type |
+---------------+---------+
| stock_name | varchar |
| operation | enum |
| operation_day | int |
| price | int |
+---------------+---------+
(stock_name, day) 是这张表的主键(具有唯一值的列的组合)
operation 列使用的是一种枚举类型,包括:('Sell','Buy')
此表的每一行代表了名为 stock_name 的某支股票在 operation_day 这一天的操作价格。
此表可以保证,股票的每个"卖出"操作在前一天都有相应的"买入"操作。并且,股票的每个"买入"操作在即将到来的一天都有相应的"卖出"操作。
编写解决方案报告每只股票的 资本损益。
股票的 资本利得/损失 是指一次或多次买卖该股票后的总收益或损失。
以 任意顺序 返回结果表。
结果格式如下所示。
示例 1:
sql
输入:
Stocks 表:
+---------------+-----------+---------------+--------+
| stock_name | operation | operation_day | price |
+---------------+-----------+---------------+--------+
| Leetcode | Buy | 1 | 1000 |
| Corona Masks | Buy | 2 | 10 |
| Leetcode | Sell | 5 | 9000 |
| Handbags | Buy | 17 | 30000 |
| Corona Masks | Sell | 3 | 1010 |
| Corona Masks | Buy | 4 | 1000 |
| Corona Masks | Sell | 5 | 500 |
| Corona Masks | Buy | 6 | 1000 |
| Handbags | Sell | 29 | 7000 |
| Corona Masks | Sell | 10 | 10000 |
+---------------+-----------+---------------+--------+
输出:
+---------------+-------------------+
| stock_name | capital_gain_loss |
+---------------+-------------------+
| Corona Masks | 9500 |
| Leetcode | 8000 |
| Handbags | -23000 |
+---------------+-------------------+
解释:
Leetcode 股票在第一天以1000美元的价格买入,在第五天以9000美元的价格卖出。资本收益=9000-1000=8000美元。
Handbags 股票在第17天以30000美元的价格买入,在第29天以7000美元的价格卖出。资本损失=7000-30000=-23000美元。
Corona Masks 股票在第1天以10美元的价格买入,在第3天以1010美元的价格卖出。在第4天以1000美元的价格再次购买,在第5天以500美元的价格出售。最后,它在第6天以1000美元的价格被买走,在第10天以10000美元的价格被卖掉。资本损益是每次('Buy'->'Sell')操作资本收益或损失的和=(1010-10)+(500-1000)+(10000-1000)=1000-500+9000=9500美元。
题解
sql
方式一:
select stock_name, sum(if(operation='Sell',price,-1*price)) capital_gain_loss
from Stocks
group by stock_name
order by capital_gain_loss desc
方式二:
select
stock_name,
sum(
case
when operation = 'Buy' then -price
when operation = 'Sell' then price
end
) as capital_gain_loss
from stocks
group by stock_name
order by capital_gain_loss desc