Candle - HuggingFace Rust AI 框架 - 小记

伊织code2024-03-24 13:27

文章目录

    • [关于 Candle](#关于 Candle)
      • 结构
      • 安装
        • [1、With Cuda support :](#1、With Cuda support :)
        • [2、Without Cuda support :](#2、Without Cuda support :)
        • [3、With mkl support](#3、With mkl support)
    • [二、基本使用 Hello world!](#二、基本使用 Hello world!)
      • [1、处理 MNIST 数据集](#1、处理 MNIST 数据集)
      • [2、使用一个 `Linear` 层](#2、使用一个 Linear 层)
      • [3、使用 `candle_nn`](#3、使用 candle_nn)
    • [三、Pytorch cheatsheet](#三、Pytorch cheatsheet)

关于 Candle

Candle is a minimalist ML framework for Rust with a focus on performance (including GPU support) and ease of use.

你可以尝试在线 demos: whisper,LLaMA2, T5, yolo, Segment Anything.

相关文章、教程

结构

Candle 结构包括：

  • Candle-core：核心操作、设备和 Tensor 结构定义。
  • Candle-nn：构建真实模型的工具。
  • Candle-examples：在实际设置中使用库的示例。
  • Candle-kernels：CUDA 自定义内核；
  • Candle-datasets：数据集和数据加载器。
  • Candle-Transformers：与 Transformers 相关的实用程序。
  • Candle-flash-attn：Flash attention v2 层。
  • candle-onnx: ONNX 模型评估。

安装

https://huggingface.github.io/candle/guide/installation.html

安装 Rust: https://blog.csdn.net/lovechris00/article/details/124808034

1、With Cuda support :

1.1 首先，确保 Cuda 被正确安装了

  • nvcc --version 应该打印有关Cuda编译器驱动程序的信息。
  • nvidia-smi --query-gpu=compute_cap --format=csv 应该打印您的GPU计算能力，例如：
bash 复制代码 
compute_cap
8.9

您还可以使用 CUDA_COMPUTE_CAP=<compute cap> 环境变量为特定的计算编译 Cuda内核。

如果以上任何命令出错，请确保更新您的Cuda版本。

1.2 创建一个新的app，添加 candle-core 来增加 Cuda 支持。

从创建一个新的 cargo 开始 :

bash 复制代码 
cargo new myapp
cd myapp

Make sure to add the candle-core crate with the cuda feature:

确保添加具有cuda功能的 candle-core 被创建：

shell 复制代码 
cargo add --git https://github.com/huggingface/candle.git candle-core --features "cuda"

运行 cargo build 来保证所有被正确编译

shell 复制代码 
cargo build
2、Without Cuda support :

创建一个新的 app，并添加 candle-core 如下：

shell 复制代码 
cargo new myapp
cd myapp
cargo add --git https://github.com/huggingface/candle.git candle-core

最后，运行 cargo build 来保证所有被正确编译

shell 复制代码 
cargo build
3、With mkl support

You can also see the mkl feature which could be interesting to get faster inference on CPU. Using mkl

二、基本使用 Hello world!

转载自：Hello world!

1、处理 MNIST 数据集

We will now create the hello world of the ML world, building a model capable of solving MNIST dataset.

Open src/main.rs and fill in this content:

rust 复制代码 
use candle_core::{Device, Result, Tensor};

struct Model {
    first: Tensor,
    second: Tensor,
}

impl Model {
    fn forward(&self, image: &Tensor) -> Result<Tensor> {
        let x = image.matmul(&self.first)?;
        let x = x.relu()?;
        x.matmul(&self.second)
    }
}

fn main() -> Result<()> {
    // Use Device::new_cuda(0)?; to use the GPU.
    let device = Device::Cpu;

    let first = Tensor::randn(0f32, 1.0, (784, 100), &device)?;
    let second = Tensor::randn(0f32, 1.0, (100, 10), &device)?;
    let model = Model { first, second };

    let dummy_image = Tensor::randn(0f32, 1.0, (1, 784), &device)?;

    let digit = model.forward(&dummy_image)?;
    println!("Digit {digit:?} digit");
    Ok(())
}

Everything should now run with:

bash 复制代码 
cargo run --release

2、使用一个 Linear 层

Now that we have this, we might want to complexify things a bit, for instance by adding bias and creating the classical Linear layer. We can do as such

rust 复制代码 
struct Linear{
    weight: Tensor,
    bias: Tensor,
}
impl Linear{
    fn forward(&self, x: &Tensor) -> Result<Tensor> {
        let x = x.matmul(&self.weight)?;
        x.broadcast_add(&self.bias)
    }
}

struct Model {
    first: Linear,
    second: Linear,
}

impl Model {
    fn forward(&self, image: &Tensor) -> Result<Tensor> {
        let x = self.first.forward(image)?;
        let x = x.relu()?;
        self.second.forward(&x)
    }
}

This will change the model running code into a new function

rust 复制代码 
fn main() -> Result<()> {
    // Use Device::new_cuda(0)?; to use the GPU.
    // Use Device::Cpu; to use the CPU.
    let device = Device::cuda_if_available(0)?;

    // Creating a dummy model
    let weight = Tensor::randn(0f32, 1.0, (784, 100), &device)?;
    let bias = Tensor::randn(0f32, 1.0, (100, ), &device)?;
    let first = Linear{weight, bias};
    let weight = Tensor::randn(0f32, 1.0, (100, 10), &device)?;
    let bias = Tensor::randn(0f32, 1.0, (10, ), &device)?;
    let second = Linear{weight, bias};
    let model = Model { first, second };

    let dummy_image = Tensor::randn(0f32, 1.0, (1, 784), &device)?;

    // Inference on the model
    let digit = model.forward(&dummy_image)?;
    println!("Digit {digit:?} digit");
    Ok(())
}

Now it works, it is a great way to create your own layers. But most of the classical layers are already implemented in candle-nn.

3、使用 candle_nn

For instance Linear is already there. This Linear is coded with PyTorch layout in mind, to reuse better existing models out there, so it uses the transpose of the weights and not the weights directly.

So instead we can simplify our example:

bash 复制代码 
cargo add --git https://github.com/huggingface/candle.git candle-nn

And rewrite our examples using it

rust 复制代码 
use candle_core::{Device, Result, Tensor};
use candle_nn::{Linear, Module};

struct Model {
    first: Linear,
    second: Linear,
}

impl Model {
    fn forward(&self, image: &Tensor) -> Result<Tensor> {
        let x = self.first.forward(image)?;
        let x = x.relu()?;
        self.second.forward(&x)
    }
}

fn main() -> Result<()> {
    // Use Device::new_cuda(0)?; to use the GPU.
    let device = Device::Cpu;

    // This has changed (784, 100) -> (100, 784) !
    let weight = Tensor::randn(0f32, 1.0, (100, 784), &device)?;
    let bias = Tensor::randn(0f32, 1.0, (100, ), &device)?;
    let first = Linear::new(weight, Some(bias));
    let weight = Tensor::randn(0f32, 1.0, (10, 100), &device)?;
    let bias = Tensor::randn(0f32, 1.0, (10, ), &device)?;
    let second = Linear::new(weight, Some(bias));
    let model = Model { first, second };

    let dummy_image = Tensor::randn(0f32, 1.0, (1, 784), &device)?;

    let digit = model.forward(&dummy_image)?;
    println!("Digit {digit:?} digit");
    Ok(())
}

Feel free to modify this example to use Conv2d to create a classical convnet instead.

Now that we have the running dummy code we can get to more advanced topics:

三、Pytorch cheatsheet

https://huggingface.github.io/candle/guide/cheatsheet.html#pytorch-cheatsheet

Using PyTorch Using Candle
Creation torch.Tensor([[1, 2], [3, 4]]) Tensor::new(&[[1f32, 2.], [3., 4.]], &Device::Cpu)?
Creation torch.zeros((2, 2)) Tensor::zeros((2, 2), DType::F32, &Device::Cpu)?
Indexing tensor[:, :4] tensor.i((.., ..4))?
Operations tensor.view((2, 2)) tensor.reshape((2, 2))?
Operations a.matmul(b) a.matmul(&b)?
Arithmetic a + b &a + &b
Device tensor.to(device="cuda") tensor.to_device(&Device::new_cuda(0)?)?
Dtype tensor.to(dtype=torch.float16) tensor.to_dtype(&DType::F16)?
Saving torch.save({"A": A}, "model.bin") candle::safetensors::save(&HashMap::from([("A", A)]), "model.safetensors")?
Loading weights = torch.load("model.bin") candle::safetensors::load("model.safetensors", &device)

伊织 2024-03-23

相关推荐
HuggingFace1 小时前
Hugging Face 开源机器人 Reachy Mini 开启预定
人工智能
企企通采购云平台2 小时前
「天元宠物」×企企通，加速数智化升级，“链”接萌宠消费新蓝海
大数据·人工智能·宠物
超级小忍2 小时前
Spring AI ETL Pipeline使用指南
人工智能·spring
张较瘦_2 小时前
[论文阅读] 人工智能 | 读懂Meta-Fair：让LLM摆脱偏见的自动化测试新方法
论文阅读·人工智能
巴伦是只猫3 小时前
【机器学习笔记 Ⅲ】4 特征选择
人工智能·笔记·机器学习
好心的小明3 小时前
【王树森推荐系统】召回11：地理位置召回、作者召回、缓存召回
人工智能·缓存·推荐系统·推荐算法
lishaoan774 小时前
使用tensorflow的线性回归的例子（十二）
人工智能·tensorflow·线性回归·戴明回归
Danceful_YJ4 小时前
4.权重衰减(weight decay)
python·深度学习·机器学习
二DUAN帝4 小时前
UE实现路径回放、自动驾驶功能简记
人工智能·websocket·机器学习·ue5·自动驾驶·ue4·cesiumforue
zskj_zhyl5 小时前
AI健康小屋“15分钟服务圈”：如何重构社区健康生态？
大数据·人工智能·物联网
热门推荐
01KGG转MP3工具|非KGM文件|解密音频02集群聊天服务器---MySQL数据库的建立03Coze扣子平台完整体验和实践（附国内和国际版对比）04免费领50刀！AnyRouter一键解锁Claude最强编程模型05Java学习第十五部分——MyBatis06扣子（coze）实战|我用扣子搭建了一个自动分析小红薯笔记内容的AI应用|详细步骤拆解07RAL-2025 | 触觉助力无人机空中探索！基于柔顺机器人手指的无人机触觉导航08使用Ruby接入实时行情API教程09DeepSeek各版本说明与优缺点分析10SQL 转 Java 实体类工具