前言
题目: 19. 删除链表的倒数第N个结点
文档: 代码随想录------删除链表的倒数第N个结点
编程语言: C++
解题状态: 成功解答!
思路
最直接的想法就是先获取到链表的整体长度,减去倒数的个数,正向查找。考虑完最直接的思路后就要考虑有没有优化的方法。双指针法在本题当中可以有非常巧妙的应用。
代码
方法一: 暴力解法
cpp
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* struct ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode *next;
* ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {}
* ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {}
* ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
ListNode* removeNthFromEnd(ListNode* head, int n) {
ListNode* dummyHead = new ListNode(0);
dummyHead -> next = head;
ListNode* cur = dummyHead;
int size = 0;
while (cur -> next != nullptr) {
cur = cur -> next;
size++;
}
int index = size - n;
cur = dummyHead;
while (index--) {
cur = cur -> next;
}
ListNode* tmp = cur -> next;
cur -> next = cur -> next -> next;
delete tmp;
head = dummyHead -> next;
delete dummyHead;
return head;
}
};
- 时间复杂度: O ( n ) O(n) O(n)
- 空间复杂度: O ( 1 ) O(1) O(1)
方法二: 双指针法
如果要删除倒数第 n n n个节点,则让 f a s t fast fast先移动 n n n步,然后再让 f a s t fast fast和 s l o w slow slow同时移动,直到 f a s t fast fast指向链表末尾,删除 s l o w slow slow所指向的节点就行。
cpp
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* struct ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode *next;
* ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {}
* ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {}
* ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
ListNode* removeNthFromEnd(ListNode* head, int n) {
ListNode* dummyHead = new ListNode(0);
dummyHead -> next = head;
ListNode* fast = dummyHead;
ListNode* slow = dummyHead;
while (n--) {
fast = fast -> next;
}
while (fast -> next) {
slow = slow -> next;
fast = fast -> next;
}
ListNode* tmp = slow -> next;
slow -> next = slow -> next -> next;
delete tmp;
head = dummyHead -> next;
delete dummyHead;
return head;
}
};
- 时间复杂度: O ( n ) O(n) O(n)
- 空间复杂度: O ( 1 ) O(1) O(1)