kafka发送事件的几种方式

kafka 发送事件的几种方式

java 复制代码

package com.wanfeng.producer;

import com.wanfeng.model.GirlFriend;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.common.header.Headers;
import org.apache.kafka.common.header.internals.RecordHeaders;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
import org.springframework.kafka.support.KafkaHeaders;
import org.springframework.kafka.support.SendResult;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
import org.springframework.messaging.support.MessageBuilder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;


/**
 * 作者：晚枫
 * 时间：2024/9/1 8:57
 */
@Component
public class EventProducer {

    @Resource
    private KafkaTemplate<String, Object> kafkaTemplate;

    public void sendEvent() {
        // 参数一：kafka 主题名字
        // 参数二：需要发送的事件
        kafkaTemplate.send("hello", "喜欢欣宝");
    }

    public void sendEvent2() {
        Message<String> message = MessageBuilder.withPayload("超级喜欢欣宝")
            // 在 header 中放 topic 的名字
            .setHeader(KafkaHeaders.TOPIC, "hello")
            .build();
        kafkaTemplate.send(message);
    }

    public void sendEvent3() {
        // 可以在头部带一些自定义信息
        Headers headers = new RecordHeaders();
        headers.add("生日", "20010424".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        // String topic, Integer partition, Long timestamp, K key, V value, Iterable<Header> headers
        ProducerRecord<String, Object> message = new ProducerRecord<>("hello", 0, System.currentTimeMillis(), "姓名", "爱欣宝", headers);
        kafkaTemplate.send(message);
    }

    public void sendEvent4() {
        // String topic, Integer partition, Long timestamp, K key, V data
        kafkaTemplate.send("hello", 0, System.currentTimeMillis(), "name", "爱欣宝");
    }

    public void sendEvent5() {
        // Integer partition, Long timestamp, K key, V data
        kafkaTemplate.sendDefault(0, System.currentTimeMillis(), "address", "广东");
    }

    public void sendEvent6() {
        CompletableFuture<SendResult<String, Object>> sendResultCompletableFuture = kafkaTemplate.sendDefault(0, System.currentTimeMillis(), "name", "欣宝宝");
        try {
            // 阻塞等待的方式拿结果
            SendResult<String, Object> stringStringSendResult = sendResultCompletableFuture.get();
            if (stringStringSendResult.getRecordMetadata() != null) {
                System.out.println("消息发送成功：" + stringStringSendResult.getRecordMetadata().toString());
            }
            System.out.println("producerRecord：" + stringStringSendResult.getProducerRecord());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    public void sendEvent7() {
        CompletableFuture<SendResult<String, Object>> sendResultCompletableFuture = kafkaTemplate.sendDefault(0, System.currentTimeMillis(), "name", "欣宝宝");
        // 非阻塞方式拿结果
        sendResultCompletableFuture.thenAccept(sendResult -> {
            if (sendResult.getRecordMetadata() != null) {
                System.out.println("消息发送成功：" + sendResult.getRecordMetadata().toString());
            }
            System.out.println("producerRecord：" + sendResult.getProducerRecord());
        });
    }

    public void sendEvent8() {
        GirlFriend myGirlFriend = GirlFriend.builder().name("欣宝宝").birthday("2001-04-24").build();
        kafkaTemplate.sendDefault(0, System.currentTimeMillis(), "girlFriend", myGirlFriend);
    }
}

在发送对象类型数据的时候，需要更换序列化方式，因为生产者的值默认使用字符串序列化方式，当我们发送对象类型数据的时候就会报错，所以我们需要更换序列化方式，在 application.yml 配置文件中配置即可

yaml 复制代码

spring:
  application:
    # 应用名称
    name: kafka-01-base
  kafka:
    # kafka 连接地址
    bootstrap-servers: ip:port
      # consumer:
      # 让消费者从最早的事件开始读取
      # auto-offset-reset: earliest
    template:
      # 使用模版配置默认 topic
      default-topic: hello
    producer:
      # 生产者 value 的序列化方式
      value-serializer: org.springframework.kafka.support.serializer.JsonSerializer