目录
[卷积操作 torch.nn.functional.conv2d](#卷积操作 torch.nn.functional.conv2d)
神经网络的基本骨架
搭建Neural Network骨架主要用到的包是torch.nn
,官方文档网址:torch.nn --- PyTorch 2.0 documentation,其中torch.nn.Module
很重要,是所有所有神经网络模块的基类(即自己搭建的网络必须继承torch.nn.Module 基类),官方文档地址:Module --- PyTorch 2.0 documentation。
搭建模型时,集成torch.nn.Module后必须要重写两个函数:__init__()
和forward()
。
python
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
class Model(nn.Module):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(1, 20, 5)
self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(20, 20, 5)
def forward(self, x):
x = F.relu(self.conv1(x))
return F.relu(self.conv2(x))
卷积操作 torch.nn.functional.conv2d
torch.nn包含了torch.nn.functional,两者中都包含了Conv、Pool等层操作,且用法和效果都是一样的(但是具体的输入参数有所不同)。用的torch.nn.functional.conv2d举例,但其实在以后使用中,torch.nn.Conv2d更常用。
python
torch.nn.functional.conv2d(input, weight, bias=None, stride=1, padding=0, dilation=1, groups=1) → Tensor
python
CLASS torch.nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, stride=1, padding=0, dilation=1, groups=1, bias=True, padding_mode='zeros', device=None, dtype=None)
torch.nn.functional.conv2d中的Input、weight(也就是kernel)都必须是4维张量,每维的含义是[batch_size, C, H, W],必要的时候,可用reshape()或unsqueeze()对张量进行扩维。
(1) reshape是对改变tensor的形状,各维度的乘积与原本保持一致。
(2) unsqueeze是在指定维度上扩充一个1维。
python
import torch
x = torch.arange(15)
x2 = torch.reshape(x, [3, 5]) # 用list或tuple表示形状都可以
y1_reshape = torch.reshape(x, [1, 1, 3, 5]) # reshape:只要所有维度乘在一起的积不变,就可以任意扩充多个维度
y2_unsqueeze = torch.unsqueeze(x2, 2) # unsequeeze:第二个参数的数据类型是int,所以只能在指定维度上扩充一个1维(升维)
c_squeeze = torch.squeeze(y1_reshape) # sequeeze:只传入一个tensor参数,然后将tensor的所有1维删掉(降维)
print('x.shape:{}'.format(x.shape))
print('x2.shape:{}'.format(x2.shape))
print('y1_reshape.shape:{}'.format(y1_reshape.shape))
print('y2_unsqueeze.shape:{}'.format(y2_unsqueeze.shape))
print('c_squeeze.shape:{}'.format(c_squeeze.shape))
python
import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
input = torch.tensor([[1, 2, 0, 3, 1],
[0, 1, 2, 3, 1],
[1, 2, 1, 0, 0],
[5, 2, 3, 1, 1],
[2, 1, 0, 1, 1]])
kernel = torch.tensor([[1, 2, 1],
[0, 1, 0],
[2, 1, 0]])
print(input.shape)
print(kernel.shape)
# input、kernel都扩充到4维
input = torch.reshape(input, (1, 1, 5, 5))
kernel = torch.reshape(kernel, (1, 1, 3, 3))
out = F.conv2d(input, kernel, stride=1)
print('out={}'.format(out))
out2 = F.conv2d(input, kernel, stride=2)
print('out2={}'.format(out2))
out3 = F.conv2d(input, kernel, stride=1, padding=1)
print('out3={}'.format(out3))