Docker 一小时从入门到实战 —— Docker commands | Create your own image | vs VM ... 基本概念扫盲

Docker crash course

文章目录

• [Docker crash course](#Docker crash course)
• [1. What and Why of Docker?](#1. What and Why of Docker?)
• • [2.1 What](#2.1 What)
  • [2.2 What problem does it solve?](#2.2 What problem does it solve?)
  • • [2.2.1 before containers](#2.2.1 before containers)
    • [2.1.2 with containers](#2.1.2 with containers)
• [2. Docker vs Virtual Machines](#2. Docker vs Virtual Machines)
• • [2.1 Difference](#2.1 Difference)
  • [2.2 Benefits](#2.2 Benefits)
• [3. Install docker locally](#3. Install docker locally)
• [4. Images vs Containers](#4. Images vs Containers)
• [5. Public and Private Registries](#5. Public and Private Registries)
• [6. Main Docker commands - pull,run,start,stop,logs,build](#6. Main Docker commands - pull,run,start,stop,logs,build)
• • [6.1 pull & run](#6.1 pull & run)
  • [6.2 start & stop](#6.2 start & stop)
• [7. Public and private Docker registries](#7. Public and private Docker registries)
• [8. Registry vs Repository](#8. Registry vs Repository)
• [9. Create own image (Dockerfile)](#9. Create own image (Dockerfile))
• • [9.1 Dockerfile - Build instruction](#9.1 Dockerfile - Build instruction)
  • [9.2 Build image](#9.2 Build image)
  • [9.3 Run as Docker container](#9.3 Run as Docker container)
  • [9.4 Docker UI Client](#9.4 Docker UI Client)
• [10. Image Versioning](#10. Image Versioning)
• [11. Docker Compose](#11. Docker Compose)
• [12. Docker Workflow Big Picture](#12. Docker Workflow Big Picture)

1. What and Why of Docker?

2.1 What

2.2 What problem does it solve?

2.2.1 before containers

Development process before containers? If your app uses 10 services, each developer needs to install these 10 services.

Development process:

• Installations and configurations done directly on server's OS
• Dependency version conflicts etc.
• 

2.1.2 with containers

Development process with containers? Standardizes process of running any services on any local dev environment.

Development process:

• Install Docker runtime on the server
• Run Docker command to fetch and run Docker artifacts.

2. Docker vs Virtual Machines

2.1 Difference

docker

• contains the OS application layer - vertualize complete OS
• services and apps installed on top that layer

2.2 Benefits

• most containers are Linux based
• Originally built for Linux OS

upgrade --

3. Install docker locally

4. Images vs Containers

	docker images
	docker ps = list running contaniers 

5. Public and Private Registries

How do we get these images?

6. Main Docker commands - pull,run,start,stop,logs,build

6.1 pull & run

Pull Docker Hub registry (docker.io) is used by default.

	docker pull {name}:{tag} = Pull an image from a registry
	docker images

Run

	docker run {name}:{tag} = creates a container from given images and starts it
	docker ps

• docker generates a random name for the container automatically if you don't specify one
• docker pulls image automatically, if it doesn't find it locally.

	docker -d = runs container in background and prints the container ID

you may still want to see the logs,which can be useful for debugging etc.

	docker logs {container} = view logs from service running inside the container.

give a name --name

docker run --name web-app -d -p 9000:80 nginx:1.23

Port Binding

localhost:80 cannot be reached

only run with additional tag:

	docker stop {container} = stop one or more running containers

	-p or --publish = pubish a container's port to the host
	-p {HOST_PORT}:{CONTAINER_PORT}

all in all

	docker run -d -p 9000:80 niginx:1.23

6.2 start & stop

docker ps only list the running containers. To list all containers (stopped and running) by using flag -a or --all

docker ps -a

stop

docker stop {containerID}

start

docker start {containerID} = start one or more stopped containers

logs

docker logs {containerID/NAME}

7. Public and private Docker registries

8. Registry vs Repository

9. Create own image (Dockerfile)

9.1 Dockerfile - Build instruction

	CMD ["node", "server.js"]

9.2 Build image

	docker build {path} = Builds a Docker image from a Dockerfile

Sets a name and optionally a tag in the "name:tag" format

	docker build -t node-app:1.0 .

9.3 Run as Docker container

9.4 Docker UI Client

10. Image Versioning

"latest" tag mostly refers to the newest release.

11. Docker Compose

12. Docker Workflow Big Picture

How Docker fits in the complete development and development process?