从零开始学数据结构系列之第一章《双链表循环》

文章目录

• 双链表循环
• 头插法
• 删除操作简化
• 总代码
• 往期回顾

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双链表循环

头插法

void headInsert(Node* list, int data)
{
    Node* node = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));  
    node -> data = data;
	node -> next = list -> next;
	node -> pre = list;
	
	list -> next ->pre = node;
	list -> next = node;

    list -> data++;
}

注意顺序：

list -> next ->pre = node;
list -> next = node;

如果是第一次进入函数：

1. 此时list -> next为list
2. list -> next ->pre = list->pre ,所以list的前一项为node
3. 之后才更新list -> next = node;所以list的后一项为node

如果是第n次进入函数：

1. 此时list -> next为上一次进入的node，而上面的node -> next = list -> next;把上一次进入的node挤到第二项
2. list -> next ->pre = (上一次的)node->pre ,也就是第二项指向第一项
3. 之后才更新list -> next = node;

根据1,2步的操作，才成功将新头插进入的函数与原先函数进行连接

正确插入4个数：1，2，3，3

void headInsert(Node* list, int data)
{
    Node* node = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));  
    node -> data = data;
	node -> next = list -> next;
	node -> pre = list;
	list -> next ->pre = node;
	list -> next = node; 
	
	printf("list -> %p\r\n",list);
	printf("list->pre -> %p\r\n",list->pre);
	printf("list->next -> %p\r\n",list->next);
	printf("node->pre -> %p\r\n",node->pre);
	printf("node->next -> %p\r\n",node->next);
	printf("\r\n");

    list -> data++;
}

但是如果是反过来的话：

void headInsert(Node* list, int data)
{
    Node* node = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));  
    node -> data = data;
	node -> next = list -> next;
	node -> pre = list;
    
	list -> next = node; 
	list -> next ->pre = node;
	
	
	printf("list -> %p\r\n",list);
	printf("list->pre -> %p\r\n",list->pre);
	printf("list->next -> %p\r\n",list->next);
	printf("node->pre -> %p\r\n",node->pre);
	printf("node->next -> %p\r\n",node->next);
	printf("\r\n");

    list -> data++;
}

如果是第一次进入函数：

1. 更新list -> next = node
2. 此时list -> next = node，而node->pre = node
3. 那这样的话就是node指向node了
4. 然后因为初始化的时候是list->pre还是指向list，这个并没有改变所以list的上一项还是指向list

如果是第N次进入函数：

1. list上一项永远指向list，node的上一项永远指向node
2. 只有两条"线"成立，其他两条线是错的

错误插入:

删除操作简化

void delete(Node* list, int data) 
{
    Node* node = list -> next;
    while(node != list)
    {
        if(node -> data == data) 
        {
            node -> pre -> next = node->next;
			node -> next -> pre = node -> pre;
            free(node);
			list -> data--;
           	break;
        }		
        node = node -> next;
    }  
}

总代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include "stdlib.h"

typedef struct Node
{
	int data;
	struct Node *next;
	struct Node *pre;
}Node;

Node* InitList()
{
	Node* list = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));  
    list -> data = 0;   
    list -> next = list;
	list -> pre = list;
    return list;
}

void headInsert(Node* list, int data)
{
    Node* node = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));  
    node -> data = data;
	node -> next = list -> next;
	node -> pre = list;
	list -> next ->pre = node;
	list -> next = node; 
    list -> data++;
}

void tailInsert(Node* list, int data)
{
    Node* head = list;
    Node* node = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));  
    node -> data = data;
    while(list -> next != head)
    {
        list = list -> next;
    }
	node -> next = list -> next;
	node -> pre = list;
    list -> next = node;
	head -> pre = node;
    head ->data ++;  
}

void delete(Node* list, int data) 
{
    Node* node = list -> next;
	printf("node->%p\r\n",node);
    while(node != list)
    {
        if(node -> data == data) 
        {
            node -> pre -> next = node->next;
			node -> next -> pre = node -> pre;
            free(node);
			list -> data--;
           	break;
        }
		
        node = node -> next;
    }  
}



void printfList(Node* list)
{
	Node* head = list;
    list = list -> next;
    while(list != head)
    {
		printf("%d->", list -> data);
		list = list -> next;

    }
    printf("NULL\n");
}


void main()
{
	Node* list = InitList();
	headInsert(list,1);
	headInsert(list,2);
	headInsert(list,3);
	headInsert(list,3);
	tailInsert(list,4);
	tailInsert(list,5);
	tailInsert(list,6);
	printfList(list);
	delete(list,3);
	delete(list,6);
	printfList(list);
}

往期回顾

1.【第一章】《线性表与顺序表》
2.【第一章】《单链表》
3.【第一章】《单链表的介绍》
4.【第一章】《单链表的基本操作》
5.【第一章】《单链表循环》
6.【第一章】《双链表》